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Specific questions were asked on the chikungunya survey pertaining to the individuals behavior in terms of protecting themselves from mosquito bites before and after the arrival of CHIKV, protecting their family from mosquito bites, and also whether or not they believed it was even possible to protect yourself from them. Table 4.3 shows the total number and distribution (%) of survey responses concerning these behavioral

Table 4.3 Total Numbers and Distribution of Responses to Behavioral Questions of Chikungunya Survey

Question Number Distribution _(%)

Before the arrival of Chikungunya did you protect yourself from mosquito bites? Agree

Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

48 21 1 69 30 1 Do your protect your children/family from mosquito bites?

Agree Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

47 20 3 67 29 4 Since the arrival of Chikungunya do you protect yourself from mosquito bites?

Agree Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

60 9 1 86 13 1 Do you think it’s possible to protect yourself from Chikungunya?

Agree Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

55 6 9 79 9 12

questions. It should be noted that there was a 17% increase in self-reported protection from mosquito bites since the arrival of CHIKV (increased from 69% to 86%). This is likely due to fears of contracting CHIKV through mosquito bites after the arrival of the virus on the island. Additionally, 79% of respondents reported believing it was possible to protect yourself, but more participants responded that they were unsure it was possible (12%) rather than stating it was not possible (9%) to protect yourself. This may be a result of uncertainty about the transmission of the disease.

Table 4.4 shows the distribution of survey responses to behavioral questions Table 4.4 Distribution of Responses to Behavioral Questions of Chikungunya

Survey Based on Respondent’s Age

Respondent Distribution Based on Age (%) Question _{20 years old} Less than Between 20 and 29

years old Between 30 and 39 years old 40 years old and up

Before the arrival of Chikungunya did you protect yourself from mosquito bites?

Agree Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

60 40 0 60 36 4 67 33 0 92 8 0 Do your protect your children/family from mosquito bites?

Agree Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

55 40 5 56 36 8 78 22 0 100 0 0 Since the arrival of Chikungunya do you protect yourself from

mosquito bites? Agree Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

80 20 0 80 16 4 100 0 0 100 0 0 Do you think it’s possible to protect yourself from

Chikungunya? Agree Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

85 5 10 76 4 20 77 11 11 83 8 8

based on reported age. The percentage of respondents that reported protecting their family from mosquito bites increased with age (when divided into the four age groups), with respondents 40 years and older unanimously reporting that they protect their family

20 and group 40 years and older had the highest percentage of participants that claim it is possible to protect yourself against CHIKV,. These two age groups also rated the severity of CHIKV the highest (Figure 4.5) of all the age groups. The 30-39 age group had the highest percentage of individuals that reported it is not possible to protect yourself against CHIKV—which is in line with their responses shown in Figure 4.1 because they used most prevention methods less frequently than all other groups. The group of participants 40 years and older was the most likely to protect themselves against mosquito bites both before and after the arrival of CHIKV. This can also be related back to earlier responses showing that this age group used each type of prevention method more frequently than every other age group (Figure 4.1).

Table 4.5 shows the distribution of survey responses to behavioral question based on reported gender. There was as a significant difference in the percentage of each group

Table 4.5 Distribution of Responses to Behavioral Questions of Chikungunya Survey Based on Respondent’s Gender

Question Distribution _{of Men (%)} Distribution of _{Women (%)}

Before the arrival of Chikungunya did you protect yourself from mosquito bites? Agree

Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

63 38 0 71 28 2 Do your protect your children/family from mosquito bites?

Agree Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

38 56 6 75 22 4 Since the arrival of Chikungunya do you protect yourself from mosquito bites?

Agree Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

81 19 0 86 12 2 Do you think it’s possible to protect yourself from Chikungunya?

Agree Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

75 19 6 78 6 16

that reported protecting family members from CHIKV; 75% of women reported making efforts to protect their family from infection while only 38% of men said they did. There was an increase in use of protection methods in both men and women after the arrival of CHIKV. Women were more likely to report that they didn’t know if it is possible to protect yourself (16% of women reported this compared to 6% of men). However, women were more likely to say they protect themselves and their family from bites, which is interesting to note in relation to Figure 4.2—this showed women were much more likely to use mosquito nets and house sprays (both of which protect family in a home). Of men surveyed, 19% reported that they believed it was not possible to protect yourself from mosquito bites. This could be a reason for the lower percentage of men that reported they protect themselves and their family from CHIKV. Men were overall the highest percentage category to report that it isn’t possible to protect yourself from mosquito bites.

Table 4.6 (pg 97) shows the distribution of survey responses to behavioral questions based on location of survey completion. Overall, there was an increase in reports of the use of protection methods by both groups after the arrival of CHIKV. A significant difference existed in reports of protecting family members: 76% of clinic respondents reported protecting their family members, while only 48% of university respondents reported protecting their family members. This is especially interesting given that university respondents were the group with the highest reported rates of the belief that it is possible to protect yourself from CHIKV, yet less than half reported protecting their family. Both groups has high rate of use of skin repellants (Figure 4.3), which only protects the individual, not their family.

Table 4.6 Distribution of Responses to Behavioral Questions of Chikungunya Survey Based on Survey Site

Question Distribution of Clinic Respondents (%) Distribution of University Respondents (%)

Before the arrival of Chikungunya did you protect yourself from mosquito bites? Agree

Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

69 29 2 67 33 0 Do your protect your children/family from mosquito bites?

Agree Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

76 20 4 48 48 4 Since the arrival of Chikungunya do you protect yourself from mosquito bites?

Agree Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

86 12 2 86 14 0 Do you think it’s possible to protect yourself from Chikungunya?

Agree Disagree

No answer/ I don’t know

71 16 12 91 0 9