8. INICIATIVAS DE FOMENTO Y MARCO REGULATORIO
8.2. Entidades que forman la economía social
FrameRelay
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Lab Setup:
R1 and R2’s F0/0 interface should be in VLAN 12
R3, R4 and R5’s F0/0 interface should be in VLAN 345
The framerelay cloud should be configured in a hub and spoke manner, with R2 being the hub and R3 and R4 as the spokes, R2 should be configured with two subinterfaces in a multipoint manner, DLCI 203 connecting R2 to R3 and DLCI 204 connecting R2 to R4.
R3 and R4 should be configured in a multipoint manner; these two routers should not be configured with a subinterface.
IP Addressing
Router Interface IP address
R1 Lo0
F0/0 interface to R2
1.1.1.1 /8 131.1.12.1 /24
R2 Lo0
F/R interface to R3 F/R interface to R4 F0/0 interface to R1
2.2.2.2 /8 131.1.23.2 /24 131.1.24.2 /24 131.1.12.2 /24
R3 Lo0
F/R interface to R2
F0/0 interface to R4 and R5
3.3.3.3 /8 131.1.23.3 /24 131.1.100.3 /24
R4 Lo0
F/R interface to R2
F0/0 interface to R3 and R5
4.4.4.4 /8 131.1.24.4 /24 131.1.100.4 /24
R5 Lo0
F0/0 interface to R3 and R4
5.5.5.5 /8 131.1.100.5 /24 Task 1
Configure Eigrp 100 on all routers and advertise their directly connected networks.
Ensure that these routers have NLRI to all the prefixes advertised in this topology.
These routers should NOT take suboptimal routes to reach any network.
On R1
R1(config)#router eigrp 100 R1(configrouter)#no au
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R1(configrouter)#netw 131.1.0.0 R1(configrouter)#netw 1.0.0.0
On R2
R2(config)#router eigrp 100 R2(configrouter)#no au
R2(configrouter)#netw 131.1.0.0 R2(configrouter)#netw 2.0.0.0
On R3
R3(config)#router eigrp 100 R3(configrouter)#netw 131.1.0.0 R3(configrouter)#netw 3.0.0.0 R3(configrouter)#no au
On R4
R4(config)#router eigrp 100 R4(configrouter)#no au
R4(configrouter)#netw 131.1.0.0 R4(configrouter)#netw 4.0.0.0
On R5
R5(config)#router eigrp 100 R5(configrouter)#no au
R5(configrouter)#netw 131.1.0.0 R5(configrouter)#netw 5.0.0.0
To verify the configuration:
On R3
R3#Show ip route
Codes: C connected, S static, R RIP, M mobile, B BGP
D EIGRP, EX EIGRP external, O OSPF, IA OSPF inter area N1 OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 OSPF external type 1, E2 OSPF external type 2
i ISIS, su ISIS summary, L1 ISIS level1, L2 ISIS level2 ia ISIS inter area, * candidate default, U peruser static route o ODR, P periodic downloaded static route
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Gateway of last resort is not set
D 1.0.0.0/8 [90/2300416] via 131.1.23.2, 00:00:44, Serial0/0 D 2.0.0.0/8 [90/2297856] via 131.1.23.2, 00:00:44, Serial0/0 C 3.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Loopback0
D 4.0.0.0/8 [90/156160] via 131.1.100.4, 00:00:42, FastEthernet0/0 D 5.0.0.0/8 [90/156160] via 131.1.100.5, 00:00:23, FastEthernet0/0
131.1.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
D 131.1.12.0 [90/2172416] via 131.1.23.2, 00:00:44, Serial0/0 C 131.1.23.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
D 131.1.24.0 [90/2172416] via 131.1.100.4, 00:00:46, FastEthernet0/0 C 131.1.100.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
Task 2
Configure R2 such that it waits 60 minutes before declaring a route to be SIA.
On R2
R2(configif)#router eigrp 100
R2(configrouter)#timers activetime 60
Task 3
Configure R5 such that the router disables the SIA timers and permits the routing wait time to remain active indefinitely
On R5
R5(configif)#router eigrp 100
R5(configrouter)#timers activetime disabled
Task 4
On R2, change the bandwidth of the serial subinterface connection to R3 to half of it’s default value.
On R2
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R2(config)#int S0/0.23
R2(configsubif)#bandwidth 772
Task 5
Ensure that R2 performs unequal cost load balancing for all the downstream networks.
The “Variance” command allows us to perform unequal cost load balancing if the feasibility condition is met. Only paths that are feasible can be used for load
balancing and included in the routing table. Always remember the following rules:
The advertised distance must be lower than the local router’s feasible distance.
The multiplier (Variance command’s value) times the local best metric for the destination must be greater than or equal to the metric through the next router.
The path must be in the routing table for the router to use it.
In this case the best path to networks 5.0.0.0 /8 and 131.1.100.0 /24 is reachable through R4. We have to find out the composite metric through R4 as follows:
On R2
R2#Show ip route
Codes: C connected, S static, R RIP, M mobile, B BGP
D EIGRP, EX EIGRP external, O OSPF, IA OSPF inter area N1 OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 OSPF external type 1, E2 OSPF external type 2
i ISIS, su ISIS summary, L1 ISIS level1, L2 ISIS level2 ia ISIS inter area, * candidate default, U peruser static route o ODR, P periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
D 1.0.0.0/8 [90/156160] via 131.1.12.1, 00:02:18, FastEthernet0/0 C 2.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Loopback0
D 3.0.0.0/8 [90/2300416] via 131.1.24.4, 00:02:18, Serial0/0.24 D 4.0.0.0/8 [90/2297856] via 131.1.24.4, 00:02:18, Serial0/0.24 D 5.0.0.0/8 [90/2300416] via 131.1.24.4, 00:02:18, Serial0/0.24
131.1.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
C 131.1.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 C 131.1.23.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0.23 C 131.1.24.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0.24
D 131.1.100.0 [90/2172416] via 131.1.24.4, 00:02:20, Serial0/0.24 R2#
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Note, the cost of the path through R4 to reach network 5.0.0.0 /8 is 2300416 and network 131.1.100.0 /24 is 2172416.
The next step is to figure out the cost of the route through R3, the following command will reveal that information:
On R2
R2#Show ip eigrp topology 5.0.0.0/8
IPEIGRP (AS 100): Topology entry for 5.0.0.0/8
State is Passive, Query origin flag is 1, 1 Successor(s), FD is 2300416 Routing Descriptor Blocks:
131.1.24.4 (Serial0/0.24), from 131.1.24.4, Send flag is 0x0 Composite metric is (2300416/156160), Route is Internal Vector metric:
Minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit Total delay is 25100 microseconds Reliability is 255/255
Load is 1/255
Minimum MTU is 1500 Hop count is 2
131.1.23.3 (Serial0/0.23), from 131.1.23.3, Send flag is 0x0 Composite metric is (3958528/156160), Route is Internal Vector metric:
Minimum bandwidth is 772 Kbit Total delay is 25100 microseconds Reliability is 255/255
Load is 1/255
Minimum MTU is 1500 Hop count is 2
R2#
Note, the cost through R3 is 3958528
The next step is to perform the following division:
3958528 (The cost through R3) / 2300416 (The cost through R4) The result is 1.720 round up to the next value, which is 2
If the same tasks are performed for network 131.1.100.0 /24, you should see the following:
3830528 / 2172416 = 1.7632 round up to 2
The last step is to configure the variance command, as follows:
On R2
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R2(config)#router eigrp 100 R2(configrouter)#variance 2
To verify the configuration:
On R2
R2#Show ip route
Codes: C connected, S static, R RIP, M mobile, B BGP
D EIGRP, EX EIGRP external, O OSPF, IA OSPF inter area N1 OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 OSPF external type 1, E2 OSPF external type 2
i ISIS, su ISIS summary, L1 ISIS level1, L2 ISIS level2 ia ISIS inter area, * candidate default, U peruser static route o ODR, P periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
D 1.0.0.0/8 [90/156160] via 131.1.12.1, 00:03:22, FastEthernet0/0 C 2.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Loopback0
D 3.0.0.0/8 [90/2300416] via 131.1.24.4, 00:03:22, Serial0/0.24 [90/3955968] via 131.1.23.3, 00:03:22, Serial0/0.23 D 4.0.0.0/8 [90/2297856] via 131.1.24.4, 00:03:22, Serial0/0.24 [90/3958528] via 131.1.23.3, 00:03:22, Serial0/0.23 D 5.0.0.0/8 [90/2300416] via 131.1.24.4, 00:03:22, Serial0/0.24
[90/3958528] via 131.1.23.3, 00:03:22, Serial0/0.23 131.1.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
C 131.1.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 C 131.1.23.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0.23 C 131.1.24.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0.24
D 131.1.100.0 [90/2172416] via 131.1.24.4, 00:03:23, Serial0/0.24 [90/3830528] via 131.1.23.3, 00:03:23, Serial0/0.23 R2#
In this case Eigrp will perform an inverse proportional load balancing and the
“variance” command means that every two out of the best path, it will send one out of the second best path. The following command reveals the proportions:
On R2
R2#Show ip route 5.0.0.0 Routing entry for 5.0.0.0/8
Known via "eigrp 100", distance 90, metric 2300416, type internal
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Redistributing via eigrp 100
Last update from 131.1.23.3 on Serial0/0.23, 00:05:18 ago Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 131.1.24.4, from 131.1.24.4, 00:05:18 ago, via Serial0/0.24 Route metric is 2300416, traffic share count is 240
Total delay is 25100 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 2
131.1.23.3, from 131.1.23.3, 00:05:18 ago, via Serial0/0.23 Route metric is 3958528, traffic share count is 139
Total delay is 25100 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 772 Kbit Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 2
Task 6
Erase the startup config and reload the routers before proceeding to the next lab.
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R1 R2
S0/0 S0/0
Lab Setup:
Configure the framerelay routers in a pointtopoint manner.
IP address:
Routers Interface IP address
R1 Lo0
Framerelay connection to R2
1.1.1.1 /8 131.1.12.1 /24
R2 Lo0
Framerelay connection to R1
2.2.2.2 /8 131.1.12.2 /24