SA-DWO-HSERM-AR-001-R0 / Created: 01/13 / Last Review: 01/13 / Next Review: 01/17 Owner: VP-D&WO
Revision(s) identified by a Vertical Bar in the Right Margin Page 117 of 236
1. Purpose
The purpose of this Drilling and Workover (D&WO) Job Safety Analysis (JSA) procedure is to:
A. Provide a means of identifying workplace hazards prior to performing work.
B. Identify the control measures necessary to reduce the risks associated with those hazards to a level which is As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP).
C. Communicate the hazards and the control strategies to the workers involved in or affected by the work
2. Scope
The scope of this procedure is applicable to Saudi Aramco Rigs (SAR).
3. Responsibilities
It is the responsibility of the Person In Charge (PIC) to ensure that the Job Safety Analysis process (JSA) is utilized in the safe planning of work activities.
4. Definitions
A. Risk - probability that during a period of activity a hazard will result in an incident/accident with definable consequences.
B. Hazard - An object, condition or behavior with the potential to interrupt or interfere with the orderly progress of an activity. The source may be from substances, machinery, stored energy, physical methods of work or organization of the work itself.
C. Risk Reduction Measure - any provision (behavioral, hardware or procedural) that eliminates or reduces the hazard.
D. Job Safety Analysis (JSA) - A JSA is a process for identifying hazards or potential hazards that can be anticipated during the performance of a specific job, and the control strategies required to make the work safe. The threshold of the control measures is ALARP. The JSA process is focused at the specific supervisor and/or crew level. The JSA must be completed prior to the start of the job. Re-assessment must also be completed when a significant change of scope occurs or if conflicting work is being done.
The JSA involves both the site supervision and employees involved in the work. Aramco Liaisonman who direct the work being carried out by service company workers have to ensure the service company have and use a comparable process (JSA) or manage the work with this procedure.
SA-DWO-HSERM-AR-001-R0 / Created: 01/13 / Last Review: 01/13 / Next Review: 01/17 Owner: VP-D&WO
Revision(s) identified by a Vertical Bar in the Right Margin Page 118 of 236
E. Hazard Control Strategies
1) Engineering Controls - Engineering control of hazards deals with the elimination or isolation of the hazard from the worker, and physically limits the workers exposure to the hazard. Engineering controls are the preferred method of controlling hazards.
2) Administrative Controls - Administrative controls deal with the directing of people and include policy, procedure and training. Administrative controls reduce or limit the amount of exposure an employee has to a specific hazard.
3) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) - PPE is the final line of defense against hazards in the workplace. It is implemented only after other reasonably practicable means of eliminating a hazard have been attempted.
5. Procedure
A. General Information
JSA’s shall be used to ensure that all hazards relative to the site’s work activities have been identified and controlled. It shall be noted that extreme hazards encountered while performing emergency
response duties during events such as well blowout, explosion, vessel collision, structural failure, facility fire etc., do not require independent JSA’s since those subjects are accounted for within the Safety Management System (Emergency Response Manual, Well Control Manual etc.). Extreme hazards such as those listed need only to be incorporated into JSA’s if they pose a real threat simultaneous to other work activities. Some examples of this situation would be the potential for well control problems while running tubulars or the possibility of structural failure while performing rig modifications. The JSA must be reviewed with all workers involved in or affected by this job.
B. Jobs That Require a JSA
1) First time jobs or where people have little experience on the job.
2) Jobs that are not done very often.
3) Jobs that have high incident rates or safety concerns.
4) If conditions change while performing the job that create new hazards.
5) If there are a number of jobs happening close to each other.
6) Whenever a permit to work is required.
7) When there is no written procedure in place.
C. For the assessment process to be effective, it must be systematic and consider all aspects of a particular activity.
SA-DWO-HSERM-AR-001-R0 / Created: 01/13 / Last Review: 01/13 / Next Review: 01/17 Owner: VP-D&WO
Revision(s) identified by a Vertical Bar in the Right Margin Page 119 of 236
The assessment process shall:
1) Consider human work time risk factors relating to sleep deprivation and fatigue. Address corrective actions that result from sleep deprivation/fatigue caused by work periods beyond the normal 12 hour per day tour; long crew change travel without a reasonable sleep period prior to starting work;
extended work periods beyond normal 12 hour per day multiple days in a row; and environmental factors (extreme heat/cold).
2) Address what actually happens in the workplace or during the work activity.
3) Consider non-routine activities such as repair work, well testing, diving operations etc.
4) Address the possibility of changed circumstances during the activity, for example tour change or temporary stoppage of the job.
5) Give careful consideration to what circumstances or hazards have changed since the last time the activity was carried out.
6) Consider human factors. Poor communication, inadequate leadership, lack of application etc. are examples of how behavioral issues can influence the successful outcome of an activity. Suitable control measures should be developed and applied to mitigate these circumstances also.
D. How to Conduct a JSA
1) Determine whether a formal JSA is needed (Refer to HSERM / A / A-14 / JSA / paragraph No.5.B).
2) Review any existing documents or JSA’s already developed for this job. The use of a generic JSA as a sole source process is prohibited as per Section 5.F of this procedure.
3) Decide who the JSA team members shall be. The JSA must be led by the supervisor or someone competent in the JSA process.
4) Break the job down into basic steps. A balance needs to be struck between making the steps too general, resulting in missing specific steps and their associated hazards, and too detailed, leading to excessive steps. It is recommended that each job should be limited to a maximum of ten steps. If more than ten steps are required, it is usually better to break the job into multiple jobs, for
developing JSA’s. Each step should begin with an action word (e.g. open, remove, check) and end with a subject (e.g. pump, hoist, valve). This part of the preparation can be done by watching the worker do the job) Do not include statements like “conduct safety meeting” in the basic steps section of the JSA. That should be in the Preventive Measures section of the JSA.
5) Identify who shall do that step then record that worker on the JSA.
6) Identify the potential hazards for each step. To assist in identifying hazards, questions such as the following can be asked:
a. Can any body part get caught in or between objects?
SA-DWO-HSERM-AR-001-R0 / Created: 01/13 / Last Review: 01/13 / Next Review: 01/17 Owner: VP-D&WO
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b. Do tools, machines, or equipment present any hazards?
c. Is equipment fit for purpose?
d. Could equipment operating limits be exceeded?
e. Can the worker make harmful contact with objects?
f. Can the worker slip, trip or fall?
g. Can the worker suffer strain from lifting, pushing, or pulling?
h. Is the worker exposed to extreme temperatures?
i. Is excessive noise or vibration a problem?
7) Recommend ways to control the hazards (safety measures).
8) Identify who is responsible for the individual control measures and record on the JSA. This person must be competent to do what he is assigned to do. e.g.; if you require control measures such as
“gas testing” or inspect “rigging hardware”, the assigned person must be competent in this skill set.
9) Complete the JSA form.
10) Review the JSA with the workers as per Section 5.4 of this procedure.
11) Perform the job.
12) Review and update the formal JSA.
E. Communication
Before commencing the work activity, all personnel involved (directly or indirectly) must be informed of the results of the assessment and fully understand their roles and responsibilities.
This communication may be accomplished via a Pre-job Safety Meeting (PJSM) or Pre-Tour Meeting (PTM). If the review takes place more than twelve hours prior to the work activity actually commencing, the JSA must again be reviewed immediately prior to starting the task to ensure that the conditions have not changed or a re-assignment is called for. Similarly if the JSA for a task was completed by the Off-going crew then the crew, assuming responsibility for completion of that task must review and update the JSA for their continued use.
SA-DWO-HSERM-AR-001-R0 / Created: 01/13 / Last Review: 01/13 / Next Review: 01/17 Owner: VP-D&WO
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F. Generic JSA
To simplify the JSA process and reduce the requirement to re-write the same information every time a repetitive task is undertaken, a catalogue of Generic JSA’s may be constructed. The information detailed on these Generic JSA’s may then be used to form the foundation of Task-Specific JSA’s which are completed for particular work activities.
Note: If Generic JSA’s are used to manage the risk of work activities they shall always be reviewed and updated by the crew performing the task and shall never be considered to be adequate as
standalone documents without review and revision as necessary.
G. Filing JSA Documents for Review
1) Generic JSA’s shall be maintained on the rig in an electronic format. Adequate space shall be allowed between successive steps, hazards and mitigation to allow the user to add to the document when preparing the job specific JSA.
2) Job specific JSA’s shall be filed on the rig for a 6 month period to facilitate the audit process. It is recommended that the JSA and PJSM document that is linked to the work gets filed together.
6. Definitions, Abbreviations and Acronyms: Refer to HSERM / A / A-1 / DA&A.
7. References: Refer to HSERM / A / A-2 / RM.
SA-DWO-HSERM-AR-001-R0 / Created: 01/13 / Last Review: 01/13 / Next Review: 01/17 Owner: VP-D&WO
Revision(s) identified by a Vertical Bar in the Right Margin Page 122 of 236