Plan de Monitoreo de Uso Eficiente y Ahorro de Materias Primas e Insumos

We must sometimes use more than one operation to solve a problem.

46,664 + 17,760 64,424 64,424

- 17,760 46,664

17,760 64,424

-Iowa salary =

∂

∂

∂

∂

$17,760 minus

California salary is

Iowa salary

Example 5

Planting a New Garden

A gardener bought enough plants to fill a rectangular garden with length 30 feet and width 20 feet. Because of shading problems from a nearby tree, the gardener changed the width of the garden to 15 feet. If the area is to remain the same, what is the new length of the garden?

Solution:

1. UNDERSTAND. Read and reread the problem. Then draw a picture to help visualize the problem.

15 feet 30 feet

20 feet

New garden Old

garden

2. TRANSLATE. Since the area of the new garden is to be the same as the area of the old garden, let’s find the area of the old garden. Recall that

Area = length * width = 30 feet * 20 feet = 600 square feet PRACTICE 5

A gardener is trying to decide how much fertilizer to buy for his yard. He knows that his lot is in the shape of a rectangle that measures 90 feet by 120 feet. He also knows that the floor of his house is in the shape of a rectangle that measures 45 feet by 65 feet.

How much area of the lot is not covered by the house?

120 feet 65 feet

45 feet 90 feet

Answer 5. 7875 sq ft

Since the area of the new garden is to be 600 square feet also, we need to see how many 15s there are in 600. This means division. In other words,

In words:

3. SOLVE.

4. INTERPRET. Check your work. State your conclusion: The length of the new garden is 40 feet.

Work Practice 5 40

15冄⁶⁰⁰ - 60

00

, 15

= 600 New length Translate:

∂

∂

∂

New width Area of garden ,

New length =

S E C T I O N 1 . 8 I AN INTRODUCTION TO PROBLEM SOLVING

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1.8 Exercise Set

Objective Solve. Exercises 1, 2, 11, and 12 have been started for you. See Examples 1 through 4.

1. 41 increased by 8 is what number?

Start the Solution:

1. UNDERSTAND the problem. Reread it as many times as needed.

2. TRANSLATE into an equation. (Fill in the blanks below.)

2. What is 12 multiplied by 9?

Start the Solution:

1. UNDERSTAND the problem. Reread it as many times as needed.

2. TRANSLATE into an equation. (Fill in the blanks below.)

3. What is the quotient of 1185 and 5? 4. 78 decreased by 12 is what number?

5. What is the total of 35 and 7? 6. What is the difference of 48 and 8?

7. 60 times 10 is what number? 8. 60 divided by 10 is what number?

9. A vacant lot in the shape of a rectangle measures 120 feet by 80 feet.

a. What is the perimeter of the lot?

b. What is the area of the lot?

10. A parking lot in the shape of a rectangle measures 100 feet by 150 feet.

a. What is the perimeter of the lot?

b. What is the area of the parking lot?

120 feet 80 feet

150 feet 100 feet

11. A family bought a house for $185,700 and later sold the house for $201,200. How much money did they make by selling the house?

Sart the Solution:

1. UNDERSTAND the problem. Reread it as many times as needed.

2. TRANSLATE into an equation. (Fill in the blanks below.)

12. Three people dream of equally sharing a $147 million lottery. How much would each person receive if they have the winning ticket?

Start the solution:

1. UNDERSTAND the problem. Reread it as many times as needed.

2. TRANSLATE into an equation. (Fill in the blanks below.) each person’s is

share

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U.S. New

York City

15. The Verrazano Narrows Bridge is the longest bridge in New York, measuring 4260 feet. The George Washington Bridge, also in New York, is 760 feet shorter than the Verrazano Narrows Bridge. Find the length of the George Washington Bridge.

16. The Goodyear Tire &Rubber Company maintains a fleet of five blimps. The Spirit of Goodyear can hold 202,700 cubic feet of helium. Its smaller sister, the Spirit of Europe, can hold 132,700 fewer cubic feet of helium than Spirit of Goodyear. How much helium can Spirit of Europe hold? (Source:

Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company)

17. Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming was the first national park in the United States. It was created in 1872. One of the more recent additions to the National Park System is Governors Island National Monument in New York. It was established in 2001.

How much older is Yellowstone than Governors Island? (Source: National Park Service)

18. Razor scooters were introduced in 2000. Radio Flyer Wagons were first introduced 83 years earlier. In what year were Radio Flyer Wagons introduced?

(Source: Toy Industry Association, Inc.)

19. Since their introduction, the number of LEGO building bricks that have been sold is equivalent to the world’s current population of approximately 6 billion people owning 52 LEGO bricks each.

About how many LEGO bricks have been sold since their introduction? (Source: LEGO Company)

20. In 2010, the average weekly pay for a home health aide in the United States was about $519. At this rate, how much will a home health aide earn working a 52-week year? (Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics)

21. The three most common city names in the United States are Fairview, Midway, and Riverside. There are 287 towns named Fairview, 252 named Midway, and 180 named Riverside. Find the total number of towns named Fairview, Midway, or Riverside.

22. In the game of Monopoly, a player must own all properties in a color group before building houses.

The yellow color-group properties are Atlantic Avenue, Ventnor Avenue, and Marvin Gardens.

These cost $260, $260, and $280, respectively, when purchased from the bank. What total amount must a player pay to the bank before houses can be built on the yellow properties? (Source: Hasbro, Inc.) 13. There are 24 hours in a day. How many hours are in

a week?

14. There are 60 minutes in an hour. How many minutes are in a day?

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23. In 2007, the average weekly pay for a correctional officer supervisor in the United States was $1080. If such a supervisor works 40 hours in one week, what is his or her hourly pay? (Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics)

24. In 2007, the average weekly pay for a bill collector was $600. If a bill collector works 40 hours in one week, what is his or her hourly pay? (Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics)

25. Three ounces of canned tuna in oil has 165 calories.

How many calories does 1 ounce have? (Source:

Home and Garden Bulletin No. 72, U.S. Department of Agriculture)

26. A whole cheesecake has 3360 calories. If the cheesecake is cut into 12 equal pieces, how many calories will each piece have? (Source: Home and Garden Bulletin No. 72, U.S. Department of Agriculture)

27. The average estimated 2008 U.S. population was 303,800,000. Between Memorial Day and Labor Day, 7 billion hot dogs are consumed. Approximately how many hot dogs were consumed per person between Memorial Day and Labor Day in 2008? Divide, but do not give the remainder part of the quotient.

(Source: U.S. Census Bureau, National Hot Dog and Sausage Council)

28. David Akers, a kicker with the NFL’s Philadelphia Eagles, scored an average of 9 points per game during the 2008 regular season. He played in a total of 16 games during the season. What was the total number of points he scored during the 2008 football season? (Source: National Football League)

1933 miles

2054 miles longer

29. Macy’s, formerly the Federated Department Stores Company, operates 810 Macy’s and 40 Bloomingdale’s department stores around the country. In 2007, Macy’s had sales of approximately $26,313,249,400. What is the average amount of sales made by each of the 850 stores? (Source: Macy’s)

30. In 2008, approximately 2,132,000 pounds of mail were carried by mule train for delivery to the Havasupai Indians, on their reservation inside the Grand Canyon.

If mail is delivered every one of the 52 weeks of the year, what was the average number of pounds of mail delivered to the Havasupai per week in 2008?

(Source: United States Postal Service)

31. The Museum of Modern Art in New York welcomes 1,585,000 visitors per year. The Museum of Science in Boston receives 1,429,700 visitors per year. How many more people visit the Museum of Modern Art than the science museum? (Source: The Official Museum Directory)

32. In 2009, Target Corporation operated 1698 stores in the United States. Of these, 146 were in Texas. How many Target Stores were located in states other than Texas? (Source: Target Corporation)

33. The length of the southern boundary of the

conterminous United States is 1933 miles. The length of the northern boundary of the conterminous United States is 2054 miles longer than this. What is the length of the northern boundary? (Source: U.S.

Geological Survey)

34. In humans, 14 muscles are required to smile. It takes 29 more muscles to frown. How many muscles does it take to frown?

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35. An instructor at the University of New Orleans receives a paycheck every four weeks. Find how many paychecks he receives in a year. (A year has 52 weeks.)

36. A loan of $6240 is to be paid in 48 equal payments.

How much is each payment?

Objective Solve. See Example 5.

39. A college student has $950 in an account. She spends

$205 from the account on books and then deposits

$300 in the account. How much money is now in the account?

40. The temperature outside was 57°F (degrees

Fahrenheit). During the next few hours, it decreased by 18 degrees and then increased by 23 degrees. Find the new temperature.

37. Find the total cost of 3 sweaters at $38 each and 5 shirts at $25 each.

38. Find the total cost of 10 computers at $2100 each and 7 boxes of diskettes at $12 each.

The table shows the menu from a concession stand at the county fair. Use this menu to answer Exercises 41 and 42.

41. A hungry college student is debating between the following two orders:

a. a hamburger, an order of onion rings, a candy bar, and a soda.

b. a hot dog, an apple, an order of french fries, and a soda.

Which order will be cheaper? By how much?

42. A family of four is debating between the following two orders:

a. 6 hot dogs, 4 orders of onion rings, and 4 sodas.

b. 4 hamburgers, 4 orders of french fries, 2 apples, and 4 sodas.

Will the family save any money by ordering (b) instead of (a)?

If so, how much?

Objectives Mixed PracticeUse the bar graph to answer Exercises 43 through 50. (Source: Miniwatts Marketing Group)

Number of Internet Users (in millions)

0

Africa Asia Europe Middle East

North America

Region of the World

World Internet Usage in 2008

Latin

Onion rings $3

French fries $2

Apple $1

Candy bar $2

43. Which region of the world listed had the greatest number of Internet users in 2008?

44. Which region of the world listed had the fewest number of Internet users in 2008?

45. How many more Internet users (in millions) did the world region with the most Internet users have than the world region with the fewest Internet users?

46. How many more Internet users did Africa have than the Middle East in 2008?

47. How many more Internet users did North America have than Latin America/

Caribbean?

48. Which region of the world had more Internet users, Europe or North America?

How many more Internet users did it have?

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75 ft 15 ft

50 ft 25 ft

25 yd 100 yd

100 yd

15 yd

Find the average number of Internet users for the world regions listed in the graph on page 83.

49. The three world regions with the greatest number of Internet users.

50. The four world regions with the least number of Internet users.

51. The learning lab at a local university is receiving new equipment. Twenty-two computers are purchased for

$615 each and three printers for $408 each. Find the total cost for this equipment.

52. The washateria near the local community college is receiving new equipment. Thirty-six washers are purchased for $585 each and ten dryers are

purchased for $388 each. Find the total cost for this equipment.

53. The American Heart Association recommends consuming no more than 2400 milligrams of salt per day. (This is about the amount in 1 teaspoon of salt.) How many milligrams of sodium is this in a week?

54. This semester a particular student pays $1750 for room and board, $709 for a meal ticket plan, and

$2168 for tuition. What is her total bill?

55. The Meishs’ yard is in the shape of a rectangle and measures 50 feet by 75 feet. In their yard, they have a rectangular swimming pool that measures 15 feet by 25 feet.

a. Find the area of the entire yard.

b. Find the area of the swimming pool.

c. Find the area of the yard that is not part of the swimming pool.

56. The community is planning to construct a rectangular-shaped playground within the local park. The park is in the shape of a square and measures 100 yards on each side. The playground is to measure 15 yards by 25 yards.

a. Find the area of the entire park.

b. Find the area of the playground.

c. Find the area of the park that is not part of the playground.

Solve.

Concept Extensions

57. In 2008, the United States Postal Service issued approximately 149,100,000 money orders worth approximately $25,649,300,000. Round the number of money orders and the value of the money orders issued to the nearest ten-million to estimate the average value of each money order. (Source: United States Postal Service)

58. The average estimated population of the United States for 2009 was 307,607,800. The land area of the country is approximately 3,794,068 square miles.

Round each number to the nearest million to estimate the population per square mile in the United States for 2009.

59. Write an application of your own that uses the term “bank account” and the numbers 1036 and 524.

1.9 EXPONENTS, SQUARE ROOTS, AND ORDER OF OPERATIONS

In document 1. Objetivos 1.1. Objetivo General: (página 105-110)