Estadio 6. Principios éticos universales
2.5. Subestadios A y B
Not held
MEN’S 110 METRES HURDLES The Best on Points
19 Willie Davenport USA 1968-1, 1972-4, 1976-3 18 Colin Jackson GBR 1988-2, 1992-7, 1996-4, 2000-5 16 Lee Calhoun USA 1956-1, 1960-1
Roger Kingdom USA 1984-1, 1988-1
Most Finals
4 Jackson 3 Davenport
Mark McKoy CAN 1984-4, 1988-7, 1992-1 Florian Schwarthoff GER 1992-5, 1996-3, 2000-6
Most Appearances
5 Carlos Sala ESP 1980-7s2, 1984-7, 1988-6s1, 1992- 5q2, 1996-6h8
4 Arnaldo Bristol PUR 1964-6h1, 1968-8s2, 1972-6h1, 1976-6s2 Davenport 1964-7s1, 1968-1, 1972-4, 1976-3 McKoy CAN/AUT 1984-4, 1988-7, 1992-1, 1996-5q3 Jackson Schwarthoff 1988-5q1, 1992-5, 1996-3, 2000-6 Tony Jarrett GBR 1988-6, 1992-4, 1996-dq/q1, 2000- dq/h1 Placing Table G S B 4 5 6 7 8 M Points USA 20 20 17 10 3 2 - 1 57 471 GBR - 4 1 3 5 2 1 1 5 78 CUB 2 2 1 - 1 2 - 1 5 47 GER 1 - 1 2 4 1 - - 2 43 FRA 1 1 - 2 1 2 1 2 2 39 URS - - 2 3 - 2 1 2 2 37 CAN 2 - - 1 - 2 1 1 2 30 RSA 1 1 1 - 1 - 1 - 3 27 SWE - - 1 2 - 3 - 1 1 26 JAM - - 1 1 - 1 1 - 0 16 ITA - - 1 1 - - 1 1 1 14 AUS - - - - 2 1 1 - 0 13 POL - - - - 2 1 - - 0 11 FIN - - 1 - - 1 - - 1 9 CHN 1 - - - 1 8 ARG - - - 1 - - - - 0 5 NZL - - - 1 - - - - 0 5 ESP - - - 2 1 0 5 BAR - - - - 1 - - - 0 4 BWI - - - - 1 - - - 0 4 IND - - - - 1 - - - 0 4 LAT - - - - 1 - - - 0 4 YUG - - - - 1 - - - 0 4 TCH - - - 1 1 0 3 BRA - - - 1 - 0 2 HAI - - - 1 - 0 2 Totals 28 28 27 27 24 20 13 12 83 911
Breakdown of GER placings:
GER - - 1 2 1 1 - - 1 23
GDR 1 - - - 2 - - - 1 16
FRG - - - - 1 - - - 0 4
Totals 1 - 1 2 4 1 - - 2 43
Breakdown of URS placings:
RUS - - 2 2 - 2 1 - 2 30 UKR - - - 1 - - - - 0 5 BLR - - - 2 0 2 Totals - - 2 3 - 2 1 2 2 37 Breakdown of TCH placings: CZE - - - 1 1 0 3 Totals - - - - - - 1 1 0 3
Antwerp, 16 Aug 1920
1, (3) Frank Loomis USA 54.0WR
2, (5) John Norton USA 54.6e 3, (2) August Desch USA 54.7e 4, (4) Géo André FRA 54.8e 5, (1) Carl-Axel Christiernsson SWE 55.4e
6, (6) Charles Daggs USA 57.5e
(Competitors: 19; Countries: 9; Finalists: 6)
Loomis was fastest in the heats with 55.8, while he and Desch were the semi-final winners in 55.4. André – the 1908 high jump silver medallist – was second to Desch with 55.5e. André went out hard from the gun, and led at halfway. As he began to tire, Loomis took the lead, and was never threatened. Behind him, Norton and Desch closed on André, and passed the Frenchman in the last 50m to give the USA a clean sweep. Christiernsson drifted out into lane 2 in the finishing straight, but did not impede Desch, while Daggs, sometimes credited with running 55.7e was clearly well behind fifth place. Loomis’s time, a world record, was slightly inferior to Norton’s 54.2 over 440y, set at the Western US Trials two months earlier.
Paris, 7 Jul 1924
1, (1) Morgan Taylor USA 52.6 2, (5) Erik Wilén FIN 53.8OR
3, (4) Ivan Riley USA 54.2 4, (3) Géo André FRA 56.2
(2) Charles Brookins USA DQ (r163.3) (53.5e) (6) Frederick Blackett GBR DQ (r163.3) (56.0e)
(Competitors: 23; Countries: 13; Finalists: 7)
Brookins was the fastest in the heats with 54.8, as only Wilén (55.3e) and the other three Americans ducked under 56 seconds. Brookins was again fastest in the semi-finals with 54.6, just ahead of Taylor 54.9e, with Wilén 55.5e beating Luigi Facelli (ITA) by 2m for the last quali- fying spot. The other semi, affected by wind, was won by Riley in 56.6. André and Taylor were off the best in the final, and it was only at halfway that the 35 year-old Frenchman had to give way to the American. By the eighth hurdle Taylor was 3m clear, while André, Riley and Brookins were level, with Wilén 3m behind. Brookins went clear in second place in the finishing straight, as Wilén came up for third. Taylor won by a good 6m, but was deprived of a world record by the foolish rule which prevented a record if any hurdle was knocked over – in Taylor’s case, the last barrier. Accordingly, Wilén was credit- ed with the Olympic record ... after Brookins was disqualified for run- ning out of his lane. Blackett was similarly disqualified in a highly eventful race.
Amsterdam, 30 Jul 1928
1, (5) Lord Burghley (David Cecil) GBR 53.4=OR
2, (1) Frank Cuhel USA 53.6e 3, (3) Morgan Taylor USA 53.6e 4, (2) Sten Pettersson SWE 53.8e
5, (6) Tom Livingstone-Learmonth GBR 54.2e 6, (4) Luigi Facelli ITA 55.8e
(Competitors: 25; Countries: 13; Finalists: 6)
Cuhel (54.6) and Taylor (55.0) were quickest in the heats, and Taylor won the first and faster semi-final in 53.4, ahead of Cuhel (53.8) and Burghley (54.0), the Briton looking particularly easy. Livingstone won the other semi in 54.0 from Facelli (54.2), with Pettersson edging out John Gibson, the number three American.
Burghley and Livingstone were the early leaders of the final, and Livingstone began to lose ground after halfway. At the eighth hurdle Burghley led by half a metre from Cuhel, with Taylor and Facelli inch- es behind the reigning champion. Facelli hit the hurdle, and lost ground
rapidly. Burghley chopped his stride approaching the last hurdle, and cleared it ahead of Cuhel by a metre, his winning margin. Taylor closed in on Cuhel, and Pettersson finished fastest of all. Burghley’s full name was David George Brownlow Cecil, Lord Burghley, and subsequently the sixth Marquis of Exeter. He later became President of the IAAF and a Vice-President of the IOC.
Los Angeles, 1 Aug 1932
Electrics
1, (3) Bob Tisdall IRL 51.7 (51.67)
2, (6) Glenn Hardin USA 51.9WR (51.85)
3, (4) Morgan Taylor USA 52.0 (51.96)
4, (5) Lord Burghley (David Cecil)GBR 52.2 (52.01)
5, (2) Luigi Facelli ITA 53.0 6, (1) Kjell Areskoug SWE 54.6
(Competitors: 18; Countries: 13; Finalists: 6)
Joe Healey (USA) with 54.2 and Tisdall with 54.8, in his fourth race at the distance, were the fastest heat winners. Experts were greatly sur- prised to see Tisdall then equal the Olympic record of 52.8 set by Hardin in the first semi-final. Both races were close affairs, with Taylor (52.9) and Burghley (53.0) following Hardin and edging out George Golding (AUS), whose 53.1 was better than the previous Olympic record. The second race was even closer behind Tisdall, with Areskoug, Facelli and Healey all running 53.2.
Tisdall was ahead early in the final, and by the final hurdle was 5m clear. He knocked over the last barrier, thereby losing a world and Olympic record, and almost fell, recovering to struggle home 1.5m ahead of Hardin. With a better hurdle clearance he would likely have run 51.2. Taylor and Burghley, both at their third and final Olympics, each ran lifetime bests, with the Briton losing bronze by just 0.05. Tisdall’s weight had plummeted from 75kg to 71kg in Los Angeles and he spent 15 hours a day asleep in the last eight days before racing, with- out ever doing any training.
Berlin, 4 Aug 1936
1, (6) Glenn Hardin USA 52.4 2, (3) John Loaring CAN 52.7 3, (5) Miguel White PHI 52.8 4, (1) Joseph Patterson USA 53.0 5, (4) Sylvio Padilha BRA 54.0 6, (2) Hristos Mantikas GRE 54.2
(Competitors: 32; Countries: 20; Finalists: 6)
Hardin had improved the world record by more than a second in 1934 with a startling 50.6, and had been undefeated in 11 races since 1932. He coasted through the heats in 53.9, and won his semi-final in 53.2 (53.15) ahead of fastest heat winner, White – 53.4 (53.42) – and Mantikas – 53.5 (53.55), who unexpectedly beat out Dale Schofield (51.7 in the US Trials) by 0.01. The other semi was won by Patterson in 52.8.
The final was marred by a strong wind against the runners in the back straight, which slowed the race by about a second. Hardin was battled by White for the first half, with the Philippines’ athlete just ahead at the fourth hurdle. Patterson caught the leaders at the next hur- dle, and it was only with two hurdles to go that Hardin got clear. Loaring finished quickly, moving from fourth to second in the last 50m.
London, 31 Jul 1948
Adjusted
1, (3) Roy Cochran USA 51.1OR 51.3
2, (5) Duncan White SRI 51.8 52.1
4, (4) Dick Ault USA 52.4 52.6
5, (1) Yves Cros FRA 53.3 53.6
6, (2) Ottavio Missoni ITA 54.0 54.2 (Competitors: 25; Countries: 17; Finalists: 6)
Differential Cochran 0.00 White 0.76 behind Larsson 1.00 Ault 1.26 Cros 2.18 Missoni 2.85
After uneventful heats with White the fastest man in 53.6, the semi- finals offered much more excitement, Larsson won the first race in 51.9, not as fast as Tisdall in 1932, but still an Olympic record. Ault just took second ahead of White (both 52.1), with Arifon in the outside lane, just behind in 52.2. Jeff Kirk (USA) placed fifth, 0.9 quicker than Missoni, who qualified from the other semi, a rare instance of poor seeding. Missoni won fame and fortune in later life as a fashion design- er in Italy.
Cochran, the favourite, and US number one as far back as 1939, won the second semi in 51.9, well ahead of Cros (52.5). Cochran and White led the final until the fourth hurdle, when Cochran took command and opened up a 5m gap on the field. He won easily, with White comfort- ably holding off Larsson for the silver medal.
Helsinki, 21 Jul 1952
Electrics
1, (6) Charlie Moore USA 50.8OR (51.06)
2, (1) Yuriy Lituyev RUS URS 51.3 (51.51)
3, (3) John Holland NZL 52.2 (52.26)
4, (2) Anatoliy Yulin BLR URS 52.8 (52.81)
5, (5) Harry Whittle GBR 53.1 (53.36)
6, (4) Armando Filiput ITA 54.4 (54.49) (Competitors: 40; Countries: 24; Finalists: 6)
Moore had run 50.7 in the US Trials to become the second man to run under 51 seconds. He enhanced his status as the man to beat by being more than a second faster than anyone else in the first two rounds – with 51.8 (51.95), then 50.8 (50.98). In the second round he coasted in, accepting afterwards that he would otherwise have broken Hardin’s world record of 50.6. For the first time three rounds were required to arrive at six finalists, and the semi-finals were won by Lituyev – 51.8 (51.90) – and Moore 52.0 (52.08).
The field was level in the final until hurdle three, and Moore then applied pressure, taking a slight lead over Lituyev, passing the fifth hurdle in 23.1 (22.7 in the earlier 50.8), while the others tailed off. The Russian was trying to run 13 strides between hurdles as far as possible, while Moore was taking 15 paces between barriers. The American began to move clear after the ninth barrier, where he held half a metre advantage, and his much greater quarter-miling speed took him home more than 3m clear.
Melbourne, 24 Nov 1956
Electrics
1, (4) Glenn Davis USA 50.1=OR (50.29)
2, (2) Eddie Southern USA 50.8 (50.94)
3, (1) Josh Culbreath USA 51.6 (51.74)
4, (5) Yuriy Lituyev RUS URS 51.7 (51.91)
5, (6) David Lean AUS 51.8 (51.93)
6, (3) Gert Potgieter RSA 56.0
(Competitors: 28; Countries: 18; Finalists: 6)
Before 1956 Southern had two races at one-lap hurdling under his belt, two more than Davis. In the US Trials Davis ran 49.5, with Southern
just behind at 49.7. The US third-string – Culbreath – was fastest in the heats with 50.9 (51.07), and six others ran under 52 seconds. Southern and Davis were drawn in the same semi-final, and Southern’s pattern was 15 strides between hurdles rather than his usual 13 (to hurdle seven). It worked well, as he looked very easy in running the third fastest time ever of 50.1 (50.26). Davis struggled, and was only fourth at the eighth hurdle. He kicked hard and finished in a good 50.7 (50.78). Culbreath was a convincing winner of the other semi-final with 50.9 (50.97).
Southern led in the final, passing the fifth hurdle in 22.7 with Davis two yards behind. Davis made a big effort round the curve, and was a metre up on Southern at the eighth hurdle. He built on this lead and was more than 2m up at the last hurdle, with Potgieter 3m behind just ahead of Culbreath. The South African hit the last barrier and fell, and the USA had another clean sweep. Davis’s time was equal third-fastest ever on hand timing.
Rome, 2 Sep 1960
Electrics
1, (6) Glenn Davis USA 49.3OR (49.51)
2, (5) Clifton Cushman USA 49.6 (49.77)
3, (1) Dick Howard USA 49.7 (49.90)
4, (2) Helmut Janz GER/FRG 49.9 (50.05)
5 (4) Jussi Rintamäki FIN 50.8 (50.98)
6, (3) Bruno Galliker SUI 51.0 (51.11) (Competitors: 34; Countries: 23; Finalists: 6)
Davis had again won the US Trials in 49.5, and was co-favourite with Potgieter who had run a world record 49.3 for 440y at altitude earlier in the year. A month before the Games the South African was badly injured in a car crash, and a great duel was lost. As it was Davis had two teammates who had also ducked below 50 seconds. In the early rounds only Cushman – 50.8 (50.89) and Howard – 50.8 (50.92) ran under 51 seconds.
In the final Davis led to the second hurdle, but had to chop stride at that barrier, and Howard and Janz went past him. Davis only began to pull back after the sixth hurdle, at which point Cushman was last. Davis caught Janz at the ninth hurdle, and was level with Howard at the final obstacle, with Janz third and Cushman closing fast in fourth place. Davis and Cushman both finished powerfully, with the latter gaining a metre on Davis. The time of 49.3 was the third-fastest ever, and gave Davis six of the nine marks of 49.6 or better.
Tokyo, 16 Oct 1964
1, (6) “Rex” Cawley USA 49.6 2, (4) John Cooper GBR 50.1 3, (8) Salvatore Morale ITA 50.1 4, (2) Gary Knoke AUS 50.4 5, (3) Jay Luck USA 50.5 6, (7) Roberto Frinolli ITA 50.7 7, (1) Vasiliy AnisimovUKR URS 51.1 8, (5) Wilfried Geeroms BEL 51.4
(Competitors: 39; Countries: 26; Finalists: 8)
As an 18 year-old schoolboy Cawley became the only man ever to be a finalist in all three hurdle events (110m/200m/400m) at the US Championships. His talent over 400m hurdles came to the fore five years later, as he broke the world record in the US Trials with 49.1 a month before Tokyo. Only Cawley – 50.8 (50.88) – and John Cooper – 50.5 (50.58) broke 51 seconds in the heats. These two were the semi- final winners, Cooper in 50.40 just ahead of Luck 50.4 (50.43) and Morale 50.4 (50.48), and Cawley in 49.8 (49.89) in front of Frinolli – 50.2 (50.28). The surprise of the semis was the elimination of Billy Hardin, the US Champion and son of Glenn, who hit the 10th hurdle when in fourth place, and slipped back to sixth.
Frinolli led the field for the first half of the final, as he had done in his semi, with Morale in second place. Cawley pushed hard from the seventh hurdle, caught Frinolli at the ninth, and went away to a com- fortable win. Behind him, Luck caught Frinolli at the 10th hurdle, but hit it, and Morale, Cooper and Knoke went by, with Cooper’s strength telling at the finish. Three of the 1960-64 medallists died prematurely, Cushman in Vietnam in 1966, Howard from a drugs overdose in 1967, and Cooper in the 1974 Paris air crash which killed 346.
Mexico City, 15 Oct 1968
Electrics
1, (6) David Hemery GBR 48.1WR (48.12)
2, (2) Gerhard Hennige FRG 49.0 (49.02)
3, (8) John Sherwood GBR 49.0 (49.03)
4, (3) Geoff Vanderstock USA 49.0 (49.07)
5, (5) Vyacheslav SkomorokhovUKRURS 49.1 (49.12)
6, (7) Ron Whitney USA 49.2 (49.27)
7, (1) Rainer Schubert FRG 49.2 (49.30)
8, (4) Roberto Frinolli ITA 50.1 (50.13) (Competitors: 30; Countries: 24; Finalists: 8)
The altitude which had hurt so many distance runners here was a god- send to the 400m hurdlers, as all eight finalists ran faster in Mexico City than they ever did at low altitude. Six men ran quicker than 50 sec- onds in the first round, two more than in all Olympic history prior to 1958. Fastest was race favourite Whitney who edged Schubert 49.0 (49.06) to 49.1 (49.15), while Kimaru Songok (KEN) had the chasten- ing experience of running 50.65, a time good enough to make any pre- vious final, without getting through to the next round.
Frinolli ran a lifetime best of 49.2 (49.14) in the first semi, 0.07 ahead of world record holder Vanderstock. Hennige equalled Schubert’s European record with 49.1 in the other semi, though, like his teammate, his time was .01 slower than Frinolli. Unfortunate losers in the semis were Juan Dyrzka (ARG) and Gary Knoke (AUS) who ran 49.82 and 49.61 in fifth place in the two races.
As in 1964 Frinolli was off first in the final, and led by a metre at the first hurdle. By the fourth hurdle Skomorokhov and Hemery had joined the Italian up front, and at the fifth hurdle all three were timed in 21.5. Hemery was in the lead by halfway (23.3), and his superior hurdling technique and strength began to tell. His lead extended from 0.2 at the sixth barrier to 0.7 at the last hurdle. His second half of 24.8 was only approached by Whitney (24.9) who misjudged the race badly, being 9m behind Hemery at halfway.
Munich, 2 Sep 1972
1, (1) John Akii-Bua UGA 47.82WR
2, (6) Ralph Mann USA 48.51 3, (5) David Hemery GBR 48.52 4, (4) James Seymour USA 48.64 5, (7) Rainer Schubert FRG 49.65 =6,(2) Yevgeniy GavrilenkoBLR URS 49.66
(8) Stavros Tziortzis GRE 49.66 8, (3) Yuriy Zorin RUS URS 50.25
(Competitors: 37; Countries: 25; Finalists: 8)
The fastest heat winners were Hemery with 49.72, Gavrilenko (49.73) and Dieter Büttner (FRG, 49.78). Hemery led the first semi until the eighth hurdle, when Akii-Bua surged past to win in 49.25 from Mann (49.53) and an easing up Hemery (49.66). In the second semi-final Gary Knoke heard an echo when the gun went off and didn’t leave his blocks. Seymour and Christian Rudolph (GDR) led at the 10th hurdle, but Rudolph fell and Buttner then fell over him, thereby missing qual- ification.
In the final Hemery led by the first hurdle, and reached the fifth in 21.1, with Akii-Bua and Mann just over a metre behind. Akii-Bua, run- ning 13 strides to halfway, and then 14s alternating his hurdling leg, gained on Hemery and caught him at the eighth. Radiating energy, the
Ugandan ran away from the reigning champion to cross the line with the first ever sub-48 clocking, wonderful under any conditions, but staggering from lane 1 for a hurdler leading with his right leg. Hemery flagged a little on the run-in, which was enough for Mann to catch him on the line. Seymour was a metre behind, after hitting the first hurdle so hard he almost fell.
Montreal, 25 Jul 1976
1, (4) Edwin Moses USA 47.63WR
2, (1) Michael Shine USA 48.69 3, (8) Yevgeniy GavrilenkoBLR URS 49.45
4, (7) Quentin Wheeler USA 49.86 5, (3) José Carvalho POR 49.94 6, (2) Yanko Bratanov BUL 50.03 7, (6) Damaso Alfonso CUB 50.19 8, (5) Alan Pascoe GBR 51.29
(Competitors: 22; Countries: 16; Finalists: 8)
At the end of 1975 Pascoe was the world’s number one, and Moses was an unknown with a best of 51.7. With Akii-Bua derailed because of the African boycott, Moses was the favourite after running a US record 48.30 in the US Trials. Moses was the only man under 50 seconds in the heats (49.95), and then imposed himself on the field in the semis, powering to the third fastest time ever – 48.29 – winning by more than 10m from Gavrilenko. Pascoe, not in world-beating shape after injury, took fourth in 49.95 ahead of French veteran Jean-Claude Nallet (50.06). Slowest qualifier was NCAA champion Wheeler.
Only Pascoe attempted to match Moses in the final, and he did so to the fifth hurdle. Taking 13 strides between the hurdles all the way, the 20 year-old American devastated the opposition and came home to clock the first world record of his career, and the first of his 45 races under 48 seconds.