UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE S
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN ANTONIO AAN ANTONIO ABAD DEL BAD DEL CUSCOCUSCO FACULT
FACULTAAD DE D DE CIENCICIENCIAS AS AGRARIAS TROPICALESAGRARIAS TROPICALES CARRERA PROFESIONAL DE
CARRERA PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA EN INDUSTRIAS INGENIERIA EN INDUSTRIAS ALIMENTAALIMENTARIASRIAS
ASIGNATURA:
ASIGNATURA: MICROBIOLOGIA GENERALMICROBIOLOGIA GENERAL
DOCENTE:
DOCENTE: BLG.WILBERT BLG.WILBERT QUISPE QUISPE ZUÑIGAZUÑIGA TEMA
PRESENTADO POR:
JUAN JOSE HUARCA SUTTA PAUL ZAMALLOA VARA
• JUNIOR GALVEZ VENEGAS
QUILLABAMBA, NOVIEMBRE 2013
INTRODUCCIÓN
L! "#$%&! G'#( )!%*%+! '(#-'! - !)'#! !/ &#! !)$%! - /'! B#$%&&! C&!*'%-%(. E!*! "#$%&! !/ $!()&%*#! -"%- # 4 '(#/ !)'#!, )-/ !"'+%+%' / & #("%/* )' ($5! #6!. E& /' B#$%&&! ! #'"%, / *#/* 4 &! $&!*'%-%! !/ #/#'"%! "&%#-!.
L! $&!*'%-%! !/ "#$%&! '#/-! (7+%&!, '#()!%*%+! #/#'"%!, ($5! -!$()// )'*8/#!, '(#/ *9%/#!. L#! !)'#! - &! $&!*'%-%! !/, )' & /'#&, (#'! 4 & -%(*' - &! "#$%&! 4 &#! '(#/. E/ &#! -%+'!#! !)$%! &#! !)'#! ! /$/*'#/ $&$#-#! $#*'%#&, !"*'(%/#& *'(%/#&. S/ (7+%&! )'!/*#/ &#&! )'%*'%$!.
L! $&!*'%-%! $()#'*/ #/*8/! )' *#("%/ )!/ #/*8/! !)$8%$! !&"&! 4 )'(%*/ #')#'&! )' (-% - )'"#! - )'$%)%*#$%7/.
S 5"%*#* /#*'#& ! & !& & %/*!*%/ - &! #/%(#&! & 5("', -/- +%+/ $( !#)'7%*!. E/*' &! )#*7/! ! /$/*'#/ &! $#!#/*! -& "*&%!(, **#/! &# #/'/# #!!#.
L! $&!*'%-%! $#!#/ +#'%#! /'(-#-! '#+! (-%#-#! )' *79%/#!:
Clostridium tetani , **#/!.
Clostridium difficile, $&%*%! !-(("'#/!#.
Clostridium perfingens, #/'/# #!!#.
DE;INICI<N:
E! /# "#$*'%# G'#( )!%*%+#, #/#'"%#, 4 ! /$ /*' # )' & / '#& / &# *%' '# ! ) '- $* '# - &#
*9%/# "*&8/%$#, & #/* $#!#& -& "*&%!(. E!*! (%$''#/%! (! 4 *%// '(# - +#'%&&#! ! -!#''&&#/ (=' / $ / - % $ % / ! - ) $ 9 8 / . L # ! " # $ * ' % # ! ' ( # / ! ) ' # ! 4 & ! ) ' ( % * / !"'+%+%' / / !*#- &#*/* 5#!*# !' 9)!*#! # $/-%$%/! 4 )-#/ !!*/' ! $' $%(%/*. L# !)'# ! +#&#-# !"*'(%/#& -'(#/*. E! (7+%& )' &#&! )'%*'%$!, / )'-$ $)!&# ! )'*&8*%$ &%)&8*%$
CARACTERISTICAS GENERALES:
o A/#'"% !*'%$*.
o E!)'&#- >/ )!%$%7/ !"*'(%/#&?. o P'8*'%$.
o S%/ $)!&#.
o S%/ )%&%!, /% %("'%#!.
o S /$/*'# / & !& +%'/ $&*%+#-.
o H#"%*# / & %/*!*%/ - #&/! #/%(#&! !%&+!*'! -(!*%$!.
o P'-$ &# *9%/# /#*'#& (! )*/* 4 ! $/$. P'-$ &# ('* /
'(# ( ')%-#.
CARACTERISTICAS ESPEC@;ICAS
P'-$ &#! *9%/#! (! )*/*! $/$%-#!. S 5#/ %-/*%%$#- $5 +#'%-#-! - #/*8/! -%'/*! - &# *9%/# AH.
• L! *%)! A, B E !/ &! 4 ! '&#$%/#/ $/ /'(-#-! / &
5(#/: !'*%)! A B #!$%#-! $/ $#'/ E #!$%#-! $/ )!$#-.
• T%) C )'-$ & $&& "&#/- / &! )&&!. • T%) D $#!# "*&%!( / & #/#-.
L# -!%! ('*#& / & 5("' - &# *9%/# ! %/'%' # 12 . L#! *9%/#! !/ -!*'%-#! )' $#&/*#(%/* -'#/* 20 (%/*! # 100C
EPIDEMIOLOGIA:
• U"%$!: !&, ##!.
• P-/ $/*#(%/#' #&%(/*! >+*#&!?, 5'%-#! $&/%#' & *'#$*
-%!*%+.
• I/!*# - #&%(/*!. N ! %/+#!'.
• P'-$ &# 9*9%/# (! )*/* 4 ! $/$. • L# *9%/# ! /# /'*9%/#.
• R#'# / 5(#/! )' $(/ / #/%(#&!.
• ;'(# (! $(/ - "*&%!( ! & "*&%!( *'#/!(%*%- )' #&%(/*!.
CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM: TOINAS
T'(&"%&!. P-/ -!#''&&#'! *9%-!.
E9%!*/ F *%)! #/*%/%$#(/* -%'/*! >AG?. E/'(-#- 5(#/# #!$%#-# # *%)! A, B, E >;?.
• A$*# # /%+& -& !%!*(# /'+%!
)'%'%$ >)&#$# /'(!$&#' !%!*(# #*7/(?.
• A)#'%$%7/ - )#'&%!%! &$%-# - &#
(!$&#*'# !4&*%$# #&& )#'#!%()*%$
• B&4# &# &%"'#$%7/ -&
/'*'#/!(%!' #$*%&$&%/#. >A$*%&$&%/!*'#!#?
PATOGENIA DE LA EN;ERMEDAD
1. Causado por alime!os:
E! &# (! '#+ $/*%/ /# )*/* /'*9%/# '(#-# -'#/* & $'$%(%/* "#$*'%#/. L# *9%/# )- -!*'%'! )' $#&/*#(%/* # 0 C -'#/* 10 (%/*!. L# %/$%-/$%# - &# /'(-#- ! "#=#, )' ! $/!%-'#-# - &+#-# *#!# - ('*#&%-#- !% / ! -%#/!*%$# ! *'#*# ')%-#(/*. A)'9%(#-#(/* /*' & & 10 - &#! )'!/#! $/ "*&%!( )' +8# #&%(/*%$%# ('/. C/ '$/$%#, ! -" # #&%(/*! /&#*#-! / $#!#, )'$!#-! - (#/'# %/#)')%#-#. U/# )'!/# -" %/'%' #&%(/*! $/*#(%/#-! 4 / 5##/ !%- $$%-! '$#&/*#-! #)')%#-#(/* -!)! - 4 &# *9%/# 5## !%- )'-$%-# )' &#! "#$*'%#! 2. I"a!il: E! $#!#- )' %/!*%7/ - !)'#! - C&!*'%-%( "*&%/( 4 $&/%#/ )'-$ &# *9%/# / & *'#$* %/*!*%/#& - &! /%6!. L# %/!*# - (%& !* '&#$%/#-# $/ !*# /'(-#-, / ! -" #&%(/*#' # %/#/*! (/'! - 12 (!! - -#- $/ (%& #&(8"#' - (#8. E/ & "*&%!( %/#/*%&, & "" -" %/'%' !)'#! "#$*'%#/#! & )'-$%' &# *9%/# / ! !%!*(# #!*'%/*!*%/#&
3. Causado por #eridas:
O$'' $#/- /# 5'%-# ! 5# $/*#(%/#- $/ *%''# #'/# '!# %/$'!*#-# / &# )%& &# 5'%-# ! #%!&#-# -& #%' '!$ $'' $#/- ! %/*'-$/ !)'#! -& "*&%!( / /# 5'%-#. L# 5'%-# -" -!"'%-#'! >'*%'#' &# !$%-#-, &! "=*! 9*'#6!, & *=%- &!%/#- )#'# +%*#' &# %/$$%7/ #$%&%*#' &# $%$#*'%#$%7/?. E! &# '(# (! '#'# $'' !%(%&#' #& **#/.
. Forma si $lasi"i$a$i%:
S *'#*# - /# '(# -& "*&%!( -& &#$*#/* 4 #)#'$ / #-&*! !* #!$%#- # #/(#&8#! / & *'#$* -%!*%+.
HABITAT K ALIMENTOS IMPLICADOS:
S! !)'#! !*/ -%!*'%"%-#! / &# /#*'#&# *#/* / &! !&! - $&*%+ $( &! - '#/ +*#$%7/. E/ !-%(/*! - &#! $#8-#! - ##, / &! &#! &#! ##! $!*'#!, / & *'#$* %/*!*%/#& - &! )$! (#(8'!, #!8 $( / &#! "'#/4%#! / &#! +8!$'#! - &! $'!*$! *'! (#'%!$!. T#("%/ ! /$/*'# / & )&+.
L#! $#'/ )'-$*! $'/%$!, !(*%-! # )'$!! - $/!'+#$%7/
/&#*#- $#!'! $( )' =()& & =#(7/ #5(#-, (#' - $'-, )#*! ("*%-! >& /("' - "*&%!( -'%+# -& &#*8/ "*&! ("*%-?.
L! )$! *#("%/ ! )-/ $/*#(%/#' $/ C. botulinum, !)$%#&(/*
)' & *%) E, / & (-% #$*%$ - #48 4 &! )'-$*! #5(#-! -'%+#-! -& )!$#- 5##/ !%- '!)/!#"&! - +#'%! "'*! - "*&%!(.
L# $/*#(%/#$%7/ -& !& ! / '%/ %()'*#/* - C. botulinum
9%!*/* / &! #&%(/*! $/!*%* / '%/ #& 4 !*/ %/+%*#"&(/* 9)!*#! &#! 5'*#&%#!, - (- !)$%#& &! $&*%+! - '#8$! "&"!, $( )' =()& )&#*! )')#'#-! - /!#&#-#! -
)#*#*#! $$%-#! >)#'$%#&(/*?, /!#&#-#! - 5'*#&%#! )' /+#!#-#!, *$...
L# *9%/# ! %/!*#"& # *()'#*'#! 4 !)'#/ &! 30 C # )H
!)'%' # F # / )H (/' - . / 5# /% $'$%(%/* /% )'-$$%7/ - &# *9%/#. P!* 4 &! #&%(/*! /&#*#-! )$ $%-! )-/ !#*%!#$' *-! &! $'%*'%! #/*'%'!, )#'# #'#/*%#' ! %/$%-#-, / &# %/-!*'%# -& /&#*#- 5# !%- /$!#'% %()&#/*#' '%'!#! (-%-#! - $/*'& -& *'#*#(%/*. S%/ ("#', $#/- &! #&%(/*! /&#*#-! ! )')#'#/ $( #$*%+%-#- -(!*%$# / )46# !$#&# >5'*#&%#! ("*&&#-#! /&#*#-#!?, &# (#' +#'%#"%&%-#- & $/*'& (/! '%'! -& *'#*#(%/* #& 4 ! !(*/ !/ +%-/*(/* '%/ - )'"&(#! !#/%*#'%! - %()'*#/$%#.
MEDIDAS DE CONTROL ALIMENTARIAS:
1. L# *9%/# ! *'(&"%&, )' & 4 ! )- -!*'%' #& $#&/*#' &# $(%-# -'#/* 10 (%/*! # 0 C100C
2. A!'#'! 4 & *'#*#(%/* *'(%$ - &! #&%(/*! ("*&&#-! /&#*#-! >)H.? ! !%$%/* )#'# -!*'%' &#! !)'#! (! *'( '!%!*/*! - C. botulinum.
3. U*%&%#' )#'# &# ''%'#$%7/ - &#! &#*#! )'$!#-#! ## $&'#-# & (! &%()%# )!%"&. C#/- ! *%&%$ #%' '8 #!'#'! - 4 &# $/*#(%/#$%7/ $'#-# # )#'*%' - &#! (#*'%#! )'%(#!, -& 4%) !$% # $/!$/$%# - &# (#/%)&#$%7/ ! +%*# -'#/* &# ''%'#$%7/.
4. C#/- ! ()&/ *'#*#(%/*! *'(%$! !#+! #!'#'! 4 ! #6#-/ $()!*! %/5%"%-'! #-$#-! 4 & )H ! & !%$%/*(/* "#= $( )#'# )'+/%' & $'$%(%/* - C. botulinum.
5. C()'"#' 4 & *'#*#(%/* *'(%$ - &! #&%(/*! )'$!#-! !(%)'$!#-!, /+#!#-! #& +#$8, ! & #-$#- 4 / ! #&(#$/#/ # *()'#*'# (#' - 3C. 6. N/$# -" )'"#'! / #&%(/* !!)$5!, # / !' 4 ! )'$#&%/* # 100 C. F. R$5##' $/!'+#! $/ /+#! #"("#- 9%-#-. A)&%$#' #&*#! *()'#*'#! - $$%/#-.
LA TOIIN;ECCI<N ALIMENTARIA
1. S&!omas: I/$&/ +%!%7/ "''!# -"&, -"%&%-#- /'#&, '&=! )"'!, -%%$&*#- )#'# *'##', '!)%'#' 5#"&#', +'*%!, )#'&%!%! &$%-# , # +$!, &# ('* )' %/!%$%/$%# '!)%'#*'%# "!*'$$%7/ - &# /*'#-# - #%' / &# *'4#. E/ $#/* # &! !8/*(#! #!*'%/*!*%/#&! !/: -&' #"-(%/#&, -%#''# $/!*%7/.
2. Periodo de i$u'a$i%: D 12 # 3 5'#!, )' )- 9*/-'! 5#!*# -8#! / #&/! $#!!.
3. Tra!amie!o: S /$!%*# #*/$%7/ 5!)%*#&#'%#. S #-(%/%!*'# /# #/*%*9%/# )&%+#&/* - '%/ 4%/ / $%'*! $#!! - "*&%!( )'+$#- )' #&%(/*!, #/4 / / $#!! - "*&%!( %/#/*%&. P- !' /$!#'% */' 4 %/-$%' #& +7(%* #)&%$#' / /(# )#'# '*%'#' &! #&%(/*! $/*#(%/#-!. T#("%/ ! #-(%/%!*'# )/%$%&%/# G.
N 9%!* & $/*#% /*' )'!/#!. E! - !+'%-#- +#'%#"& >- &+ # ('*#&?, $#/* #/*! ! )'!/*#/ &! !8/*(#! (! '#+ !. E/ $#! - $'#$%7/, &# '$)'#$%7/ )- -'#' - +#'%#! !(#/#! # (!!. L#! )'!/#! 4 5#/ !'%- "*&%!( )-/ !'%' #*%# -%%$&*#-'!)%'#*'%# -'#/* #6!.
. Dia(%s!i$o: L# '(# (! $*%+# -%'$*# - $/%'(#' & -%#/7!*%$ $&8/%$ - !*# /'(-#- / & &#"'#*'% ! -(!*'#/- &# )'!/$%# - &# *9%/# / & !' / &#! 5$! $#&! - &! )#$%/*! / &! #&%(/*! $/!(%-! )' &! (%!(!. A$*#&(/* & (*- (! !/!%"& - (#' ! )#'# &# -*$$%7/ - &# *9%/# ! # *'#+! - &# /*'#&%#$%7/ - / '-'.
DETERMINACION DEL CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM EN
ALIMENTOS
•
C&*%+ / A#' - (# - 5+.
•
C&*%+ / $#&- - $#'/ -
C&!*'%-%(
L# $#)# - #$%* (%/'#& !*'%& )'(%* 4 &# !)'%$% -& $#&- $/ $are molida de $ora)% de *a$a 4- **#&(/* $"%'*#)#'# %()-%' &# -%!%7/ - O2 #& (-%. A/*! - %/$&#' ! $/+/%/* 5'+%' & (-% -'#/* 10 (%/ )#'# &%"'#' & O2.
AISLAMIENTO E IDENTIFICACIÓN DE CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM PRODUCTORA
DE TOXINA MATERIALES. • M-%! - $&*%+. • L#*#! - #*/ #"("#-#!, $5#/$#-#! #"&&#-#!. • R#*/! - &#"'#*'%. • T'%*'#-' ($/%$. • B#6 (#'8#. • T"! - -%&$%7/ $/ *#)# '!$#. • M$5' "/!/. • P%)*#!. • ;'#!$! !*'%&%#-!. • G'#-%&&#!. • C/*'%#. • A=#! 5%)-'(%$#!.
PROCEDIMIENTO.
P'"# 9)&'#*'%# - )'!/$%# - &# *9%/#
T'%*'#' 5(/%#' & #&%(/* >(!*'#?
P/' / & *" - -%&$%7/ - *#)# '!$# (!*'# # %#& #& )! - &#
!&$%7/ !#&%/# # *%&%#' >-%&$%7/ 11?.
C/*'%#' & 5(/%#- # #&*# +&$%-#-, )''/*(/* /
$/*'%# ''%'#-# >! */-'/ 2 *"!, !# -! (!*'#!?.
C(! / - ! *"! $/*'%#-! & !(*(! # "#6 M#'8# )'
10 (%/. >## 5'+%-#?.
D& $/*/%-, %/$*#(! 0. (&. A& '#*7/ - )'"#, !* $/ #=# -
*"'$&%/# >N 2? +8# %/*'#)'%*/#&.
D& *' *" $/*'%#- ! & %/$*#'# # *' '#*7/ - )'"# - &#
(%!(# $#/*%-#- - %/$&.
S '$(%/-# 4 #/*! - %/$*#'& & !"'/#-#/* # &! '#*/! ! &
-" %/$&#' &# #/*%*9%/#
O"!'+#' )' -8#!
L# )!%*%+%-#- - &# )'"# ! $()'"# )' &# )#'&%!%! (*'#
)''!%+#, ! #"-(/ $/*'#8-, '!)%'#$%7/ -%%$&*!#, #''#!*' - &#! )#*#!, -"%&%-#- - &# (!*'#.
L# )'!/$%# - &# *9%/# E $#!# /# ($5 (! ')%-# >/ (/! - 2?
AISLAMIENTO >/ #&%(/*!?:
• P#'# & #%!&#(%/* !#(! (-%! /'%4$%-! $( & - $#'/ $$%-#
& (-% *'%)*%$#!#&$!# >ATG?.
• E/ *"! - -%&$%7/ $/ *#)# '!$# $&$#(! 10 (& -& (-% # !#' >!*
!*# )'+%#(/* $#&/*#-, )' & *#/* !(%&84%-?.
• P'+%#(/* / $#-# *" 5(! #'#- / )$ - &# (!*'# &
#'#'(! / $#-# *" & ATG !(%&84%- $#&/*#- )'+%#(/*.
• L !(*(! &! -! *"! # *()'#*'#! -%'/*! • E& )'%(' *" / ! $#&%/*#
• E& !/- *" & $#&/*#(! / "#6 M#'8# # 0 C )' 10 (%/. • E& *'$' *" & $#&/*#(! # 0 C )' 30 (%/.
• L %/$"#(! &! *"! )' 3 # -8#! / =#''# - B' W'
>#/#'"%!%!?
• S )-' "!'+#' >!% &# (!*'# ! )!%*%+#? &# )'!/$%# - #!