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A vision for the supervision and control systems based
on synchrophasor technology
T o d o s los d e rech o s rese rv a d o s p a ra X M S .A . E .S .P .
Outline
• The challenges for the system operators
• Where are we today
• Our Vision
• The iSAAC project and its road map
• Final thoughts
T o d o s los d e rech o s rese rv a d o s p a ra X M S .A . E .S .P .
Colombia has interesting challenges derived from its particular energy system
• Large hydro capacity, but far from consumption centers
• Uncertainties deriving from wet and dry seasons (length and depth)
El Niño Drought
• Highly dynamic energy market
• Multiplicity of participants
• Auction based Reliability Charge
• Latest widespread rolling blackout was in 1992
• Total blackout on April 26, 2007
• Frequent terrorist attacks on transmission
infrastructure
T o d o s los d e rech o s rese rv a d o s p a ra X M S .A . E .S .P .
Requirements for the supervision systems of the future
The need for a WAMS in Colombia
T o d o s los d e rech o s rese rv a d o s p a ra X M S .A . E .S .P .
Total system blackout of 2007
Contingencia Extrema en el SIN Actuación esperada del Esquema de Respaldo59.6 59.8 60 60.2
9.00 11.00 13.00 15.00 17.00 19.00 21.00
Tiempo (s)
Frecuencia (Hz)
Frec_Medellin Frec_Torca Frec_SnMateo Frec_EPSA Frec_Flores Frec_Guatig
Evento de Red Torca
Evento de Red Guavio-Circo
Evento de Red Sochagota-Guatiguará
The system took 11 seconds from the time of the first outage until the trip of the last generator. The
sequence of events offered several opportunities to contain the advance of the cascade.
The originating cause of the blackout
was an human error with a significant
involvement of a faulty solution of the
state estimator . The behavior of the
backup protections (Zones 3 and
51N) was also a factor.
T o d o s los d e rech o s rese rv a d o s p a ra X M S .A . E .S .P .
Extremely Low Frequency Oscillations – ELFO
• Almost faced another black-out in 2008, after experiencing one in 2007
• No PMUs installed in Colombia before 2008
• Provided the need to monitor system dynamics
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
17:50:00 17:53:52 17:57:44 18:01:36 18:05:28 18:09:20 18:13:12 18:17:04 18:20:56 18:24:48 18:28:40 18:32:32 18:36:24 18:40:16 18:44:08 18:48:00 18:51:52 18:55:44 18:59:36 19:03:28 19:07:20 19:11:12 19:15:04 19:18:56 19:22:48 19:26:40 19:30:32 19:34:24 19:38:16 19:42:08 19:46:00 19:49:52
58.8 59 59.2 59.4 59.6 59.8 60 60.2 60.4 60.6 60.8
Guatapé Betania Tebsa FRECUENC/MEDELLIN//Frequ/
Colombian power system August 19 th 2008
Duration: 90 minutes Mode Freq: 0.06 Hz
System Freq: 58.9–60.8 Hz Not a mistake,
it was a 0.06 Hz mode
UFLS of approx 15% of
the demand due to
frequency excursion
T o d o s los d e rech o s rese rv a d o s p a ra X M S .A . E .S .P .
Current WAMS at the Colombian Power System and milestones
Milestones
• PMUs installed at 20 substations, some with more than one unit
• PMU installed in a cavern of a hydro plant for parameter validation
• Super PDC installed in our Headquarters in Medellin receiving all the PMU data
• The WAMS system provides SCADA backup
• In a Psymetrix a high availability platform
• Design of visualization using phasor data
• Our aim is not just increasing the number of PMUs, but to design analytic tools from phasor information (Baselining, indexes, alarms, parameter validation)
• Developed a vision for the supervision
and control systems of the future
T o d o s los d e rech o s rese rv a d o s p a ra X M S .A . E .S .P .
WAMS - Situational Awareness
XM’s current WAMS prototype provides some tools for
situational awareness at the control center.
Some tools are used for making decisions about oscillatory stability and other are used to get feedback from operators about its usability.
WAMS Display at Control Center
T o d o s los d e rech o s rese rv a d o s p a ra X M S .A . E .S .P .
Oscillatory stability monitoring and analysis tool
General visualization of the oscillatory behavior
Oscillation characteristics analysis and alarming
Warning Zone
Alarming Zone
Normal Operation
T o d o s los d e rech o s rese rv a d o s p a ra X M S .A . E .S .P .
Our challenge today is to monitor, control and protect the new energy infrastructure on a new market environment with more dynamic energy flows.
With an improved reliability promise !
The iSAAC project
T o d o s los d e rech o s rese rv a d o s p a ra X M S .A . E .S .P .
XM proposes a push to integrate the new technologies for a new kind of supervision and control system
Current SCADA/ EMS systems iSAAC Vision 2025
The current SCADA/EMS paradigm dates back to the 60’s
We are working on a collaborative strategy to make it happen …
• Centralized data processing and decision making
• No time synchronization
• Radial / Serial communications
• Steady State (1-4 sec updating)
T o d o s los d e rech o s rese rv a d o s p a ra X M S .A . E .S .P .
Control Center
T&D Companies Generators
Advanced HMI
System Wide State Integration Global Supervision and Control
IP Communications Network
The goal of the project is to design the architecture and and the functional ecosystem for the future real time supervision and control systems.
Key Elements:
• Wide use of Phasor Measurement Technology
• Decentralized Functionality at Substations
• IP Communications / Data Bus Architecture
• Collaborative Protection and Control
• Advanced Situational Awareness
Phasor Measurement (PMU) Gateway/IDD
Phasor Measurement (PMU)
Phasor Measurement (PMU)
The Intelligent Supervision and Advance Control (iSAAC) System
Data Bus SOA/CIM/C37.118/61850
Gateway/IDD
Station State Reconciliation (Steady state / dynamics) Selected decentralized EMS functions
Decentralized system protection and control
Gateway/IDD at Substations
T o d o s los d e rech o s rese rv a d o s p a ra X M S .A . E .S .P .
Research and Development partners
System Performance
System Modelling
Real Time supervision
Protection &
Control
Working groups
• EPRC
• NASPI
R&D groups
• Universidad Nacional (Colombia)
Decentralized State Reconciliation
• Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana (Colombia) Advanced Situational Awareness
• Universidade Federal Santa Catarina (Brazil) Generation model validation using PMU
• Iowa State University (USA)
Angle and Voltage Stability
In close cooperation with Quanta Technology
and with support from USTDA we’re developing
both the conceptual design and road-map
T o d o s los d e rech o s rese rv a d o s p a ra X M S .A . E .S .P .
iSAAC Road Map and Lines of work
Phasor Measurement Technology
Decentralized Functionality at Substations IP Communications / Data Bus Architecture
Collaborative Protection and Control Advanced Situational Awareness
2009 – 2012
…
• What is a PMU?
• What the arrows mean?
• WAMS prototype
• WAN implemented in the corporate network
• SIPS with PMU?
2013 – 2015
• Shared knowledge
• Parallel operational prototype phase
• TCP/IP channels independent from the corporate network
• Alternative displays within the control room
2016 – 2018
• Technical competences in SPMS*
• SCADA/EMS integration
• IP based communications (Internetworking)
• Control center decisions based upon Situational awareness
• SIPS based on WAMS platform
2025
iSAAC as a natural evolution of SCADA/EMS systems
* SPMS: Synchro-Phasor Measuring Systems
