Manual de buenas prácticas. para el ahorro de energía. en edif icios. Autores:

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para el ahorro de energía

Manual de buenas prácticas

en edif icios

Autores:

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Este documento surge del apoyo que estudiantes de educación superior realizaron en la Coordinación General de Gestión Transversal de Cambio Climático de la Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo Territorial del Gobierno

del Estado de Jalisco, a través de prácticas profesionales. Este trabajo se enmarca en las acciones de mitigación del sector energía, donde según el Inventario Estatal de Emisiones de Gases y Compuestos de Efecto Invernadero, 2017

la categoría [1A4] Otros sectores (Comercial, residencial) representó el 4.5% de las emisiones de GEI en el estado de Jalisco para el año 2017.

Coordinación General de Gestión Transversal de Cambio Climático

Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo Territorial Gobierno del Estado de Jalisco Agustín Yáñez 23434, colonia Moderna C.P. 44190 Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. Cualquier información al respecto comunicarse a [email protected]

Citación sugerida: SEMADET, 2020. Manual de buenas prácticas para el ahorro de energía en casa. Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo Territorial. Gobierno del Estado de Jalisco, México. 50p

Su uso es público y gratuito, Disponible en: http://semadet.jalisco.gob.mx

Este estudio fue homologado de acuerdo con los criterios de estilo institucional definidos para las publicaciones digitales de la SEMADET. El texto y los contenidos se mantienen como fueron entregados por su(s) autor(es).

Contenido

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Julio de 2020, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México

Publicado por: Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo Territorial del Estado de Jalisco

Ahorro de energía en edificios

¿Qué busca este manual?

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¿Qué es el ahorro de energía?

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¿Cómo abordamos el ahorro en este manual?

Roles

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Cuidado del medio ambiente

Mejor ambiente laboral

+

Productividad

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Ahorro en casa -

vs-

en edificios

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Certificaciones

internacionales en

edificaciones sustentables

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Fuentes:www.breeam.com/, www.ibec.or.jp/, www.abcb.gov.au, www.greenwallsdesign.com

LEED

Fuente: www.greenwallsdesign.com/blog/leed-certification/

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Fuente:www.yaencontre.com/noticias/sostenibilidad/certificados-sostenibilidad-la-mejor-manera-reducir-consumo-energetico-edificio/

Edificios LEED en México

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Otras certificaciones y

normas

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Al final de este manual

se enlistan las normas

relacionadas al ahorro

1. Diseño bioclimático

¿Qué es el diseño

bioclimático?

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Beneficios potenciales

1.

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2.

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3.

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4.

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5.

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6.

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7.

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Estrategias y consejos

Calentamiento solar

pasivo

¿Qué es?

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¿Cómo funciona?

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Orientación

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Sombreado

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Fuente: adaptado dewww.coltinfo.ae/design-considerations.html

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Los espacios

sur reciben mayor luz

solar

durante el día.

La necesidad de

Fuente: www.constructionspecifier.com/10-key-questions-about-exterior-shading/

Ventanas

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Masa térmica

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Fuente: adaptado de www.researchgate.net/publication/336902386_A_study_of_the_thr ee_R-type_thinking_in_sustainable_designs_assessing_the_energy_effici ency_through_simulation_in_Australia B ;9B9F5@ 9@ 75@9BH5A=9BHC D5G=JC BC 9G AIM B979G5F=C D5F5 7@=A5G H9AD@58CG M 7O@=8CG B 7I5BHC 5 7@=A5G :FQCG 9G B979G5F=CEI9@5G98=:=757=CB9G7I9BH9B7CB 9GH9H=DC89A98=85G

Oportunidades de

renovación

Muro Trombe

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Construcción con doble

fachada

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Enfriamiento pasivo

Ventilación

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Fuente: adaptado de www.researchgate.net/figure/Using-chimney-

effect-for-absorbing-passive-solar-energy-in-atria-9_fig5_323295348

.B5 A98=85 D5G=J5 D5F5 J9BH=@5F

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Ventilación convectiva:

El aire caliente sube y el

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Fuente:es.windfinder.com/#11/20.5894/-105.3149

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www.reibci.org/publicados/2014/julio/2200120.pdf

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Fuente:es.windfinder.com/windstatistics/puerto_vallarta '27-BF9DF9G9BH5CHF5D@5H5:CFA5G=A=@5F5

'27-/27-.; @5 7I5@ 6F=B85 85HCG

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Ventanas y sombreado

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Fuente: adaptado de nzeb.in/knowledge-centre/passive-design/vegetation/

Fuente: adaptado de www.researchgate.net/figure/Shading-through-vegetation-Sourcewwwnzebin_fig1_317152631 B 7I5BHC 5 @5 F9@57=SB 7CB @5 J9BH=@57=SB B5HIF5@8=GH=BHCGH=DCG89J9BH5B5GD9FA=H9B IB :@I>C 8=GH=BHC 89 5=F9 %5G J9BH5B5G SDH=A5GD5F5D9FA=H=F9@D5GC89@5=F9GCB@5G 89 F9>=@@5G M @5G565H=6@9G A=9BHF5G EI9 @5G 89G@=N56@9G@C@=A=H5B

Fuente: adaptado de www.yourhome.gov.au/passive-design/shading

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Fuente: adaptado de www.yourhome.gov.au/passive-design/shading

Ventanas doble capa

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Las ventanas de

rejillas y abatibles son

que mayor cantidad de

Fuente:www.pvc3.com/catalogo/vidrios/doble-acristalamiento

Oportunidades de diseño

Techos fríos

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Fuente: adaptado de www.go-gba.org/resources/green-building-methods/cool-roofs/

Aislamiento

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Valores de conservación de energía térmica para distintos materiales

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Fuente: Bergman, David (2012). Sustainable Design: A Critical Guide for Architects and Interior, Lighting, and Environmental

Designers, Princeton Architectural Press.

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Iluminación natural

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Vegetación, techos y

paredes verdes

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1.

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2.

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3.

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Fuente:www.icpi.org/paving-systems

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Techos verdes

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Fuente: adaptado dewww.rioonwatch.org/wp-content

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Fuente: adaptado de www.homebaseperth.com.au/wp- content/uploads/Your-home/04-Materials/Materials-GreenRoofsAndWalls.pdf )CFCHFC@58C@CGH97<CGJ9F89G=BH9BG=JCGG9 75F57H9F=N5BDCF@CG=;I=9BH9 ^ 65F75B D@5BH57=CB9G EI9 IGI5@A9BH9G99B7I9BHF5B9B75ADC 56=9FHC ^ ,CB5DH5GD5F5H97<CGD@5BCG

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Paredes verdes

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1.

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Fuente: spanish.decorativeropemesh.com/sale-11188450- weatherproof-green-wall-mesh-lightweight-for-living-green-walls-plant-surviving.html

2.

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3.

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La vegetación vuelve

saludables, eficientes

y agradables.

Fuente:www.flickr.com/photos/horticultural_art/6787211088/

Otros usos de la vegetación

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Fuente:www.bekiahogar.com/articulos/como-cuidar-poto/

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¡Adopta un árbol!

Ayuntamiento de Guadalajara y Extra A.C.

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Verifica que los

Fuente:www.lifeder.com/plumeria-rubra/

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Fuente:www.cutonala.udg.mx/ArboladoCUT/Guamuchil

Consejos para Personal de

Mantenimiento

1.

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2. Calefacción y enfriamiento

¿Cómo calentar o enfriar los

espacios eficientemente?

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Uso final de la energía en oficinas

Fuente: adaptado de www.researchgate.net/publication/320267246_Retos_y_oportunid ades_para_la_sustentabilidad_energetica_en_edificios_de_Mexic o_Consumo_y_uso_final_de_energia_en_edificios_residenciales_c omerciales_y_de_servicio

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térmica

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Sistemas de aire

acondicionado de tipo

central

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Minisplit y Multisplit

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Minisplit Inverter

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Fuente: www.frikko.com/noticias/minisplit-inverter-conoce-sus-ventajas-nivel-de-ahorro-y-mas/

Distribución de aire por

debajo del suelo

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Fuente: adaptado de pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8784/bdac9fd25b35020a14c59e623c34c 559b9a6.pdf

Torres de enfriamiento

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Vigas frías

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1.

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Sistemas de ventilación

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Ventiladores

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Ventiladores de pedestal y

de torre

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Ventiladores de techo

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1.

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Calentamiento activo

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Bombas de calor de aire

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Fuente:

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Consejos para Personal de

Mantenimiento

1.

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2.

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3.

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Es recomendado

edificio a 22

C (72 F).

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10.

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Consejos para Personal de

Oficina

1.

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3.

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4.

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5.

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6.

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Consejos para Autoridades

1.

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2.

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3.

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6.

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7.

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3. Ahorro de electricidad

¿Qué es el ahorro de

electricidad?

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Estrategias y consejos

Aparatos eléctricos

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Todo aparato que

utilice electricidad debe

Microondas

1.

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2.

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4.

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6.

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Computadoras y equipo de

copiado/escaneado

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Refrigeradores

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9.

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Iluminación eficiente

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Otras estrategias de

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Consejos generales

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Consulta a un

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Fuente:www.siteur.gob.mx/estaciones-macrobus.html

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