ANALYSIS ON THE APPLICATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS BASED ON RATIONAL COMMUNICATION IN TEACHING REFORM OF COLLEGE

Revista Argentina de Clínica Psicológica 2020, Vol. XXIX, N°2, 186-192

DOI: 10.24205/03276716.2020.222 186

A

NALYSIS ON THE

A

PPLICATION OF

P

SYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS BASED

ON

R

ATIONAL

C

OMMUNICATION IN

T

EACHING

R

EFORM OF

C

OLLEGE

Qiuxiang Shi

_{*, Qianqian Yang}

_{, Ning Cai}

Abstract

College students may experience a decline in academic performance, if they have obstacles in interpersonal communication. This paper explores the effects of rational communication on the communication ability of college students through psychological analysis. Specifically, a contrastive experiment was carried out on two groups of college students, each containing 20 students. Only one group, i.e. the experimental group, was taught the theory and language skills of rational communication. Subjective tests were conducted to measure and evaluate the communication ability of students in each group at different periods. Moreover, a questionnaire survey was carried out on the students’ opinions about the influence of communication behavior. The results show that the students in the experimental group achieved a better communication level than that of those in the control group, and that of themselves before the experiment, i.e., rational communication can improve the communication level of college students; 80% of the students agreed that communication obstacles indeed hinder their learning performance. The research results provide guidance on the teaching reform and psychological counseling in colleges.

Key words: Communication, Rational Communication, College Students, Teaching Reform. Received: 18-05-19 | Accepted: 12-08-19

INTRODUCTION

In recent years, the education reform in colleges and universities in China is in full swing. Colleges and universities pay more and more attention to the growth of students. Many concepts of psychology have been introduced into higher education reform (Rosenfield, 2008; Speisman, 1968; Rozensky, Grus, Fouad et al., 2017; Diaz-Granados & Thorn, 2014). Rational communication is a typical case. The term "communication" refers to the process of communication and acquaintance between different individuals. College students have preliminary contact with the adult world, and they have great curiosity and certain desire for

1 _{College of Education, Hebei Normal University of Science &} Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China. 2 College of foreign language, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China

E-Mail: 305220178@qq.com

communication with their classmates. However, college students are not familiar with the rules of communication, and often encounter obstacles in the process, which may lead to depression and anxiety (Ellis, 1990; Barker & Gholson, 1984; Loeffler, 2011), resulting in the decline of their learning passion and efficiency (Toomey, Richardson, & Hammock, 2017; Hirschberg & itkin, 1978; Entwistle & Marton, 1989). Since rational communication can help college students avoid this risk, it is introduced into the teaching reform application of colleges and universities.

Rational communication emphasizes purpose rationality. Communication activities are usually purpose oriented, but in the process of achieving the purpose, the first step is to make sure that their communication purpose is rational. The subject of communication must be rational and conscientious in determining the purpose of communication, and have the ability to be responsible for related matters. The use of

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language is an indispensable part in the process of communication. In the use of language, one must respect the main body of communication and focus on the main body of communication, which is the key of rational communication. Rational communication is actually a kind of communication behavior or activity with rational purpose, in which the main body can be fully respected.

This paper mainly studies whether rational communication can improve the communication ability and level of college students by means of experiments and questionnaires. The results of this paper can provide some suggestions for college education and teaching practice.

BASIC CONCEPTS OF RATIONAL

COMMUNICATION

Communication

In psychology, communication can be generally divided into three types including communication without needs, communication with external needs and communication with internal needs. This kind of classification is determined by the purpose of communication. They may exist between different individuals or the same individuals in different periods. Communication activities coexist with human society, and the birth and development of communication activities are inseparable from the survival and life needs of mankind. Psychology believes that communication activity is initially a kind of "no need communication" based on kinship, which is a natural human activity.

With the continuous development of human society, the concept of assignment and cooperation is becoming more and more clear. Thus the purpose of communication is becoming more and more obvious. Out of the instinct of survival, human beings must achieve their aim of

survival and development through

communication. The emergence of assignment makes it more and more difficult for an individual to rely on oneself to complete complex tasks. Human beings are forced to cooperate through communication and achieve the purpose of completing tasks. For human beings, such needs are external. This kind of communication is called "communication with external needs".

With the development of society, assignment and cooperation is no longer a mandatory

demand. Therefore, human communication is not limited to "communication with external needs". The need of emotion makes human communication not only a simple means, but also a purpose itself to some extent. At this time, the needs of communication come from the internal of individuals. Accordingly, this kind of communication is called "communication with internal needs".

Rational Communication

The concept of rational communication is

gradually produced in the practice of

communication activities. The communication behavior itself does not exist in isolation. With the intersection of three different types of

communication, namely, communication

without needs, communication with external needs and communication with internal needs,

communication activities are increasingly

affected by the background of the

communication groups. The behavior of communication is increasingly influenced by people’s thinking habits, and thus becomes an outward manifestation of human thought. Therefore, rational communication also reflects

the rationality of the communicators

themselves. Rational communication is that the objects of communication use language and other means as the media, emphasizing trust and understanding, reaching consensus through mutual understanding and trust in the interaction, and achieving mutual compromise and win-win by changing their own behaviors.

THE APPLICATION OF RATIONAL

COMMUNICATION IN COLLEGE TEACHING REFORM

Experiment design

The way to realize rational communication is to respect each other, create a completely equal communication environment and use proper language. The process of communication may be affected by personality differences and other differences between people, but it is the differences between individuals that make our society colorful. There is a reason for any kind of view, and the exchange and collision between different views often produce new sparks. In the process of communication, we should not be

stubborn and ostracize other people's

challenges. In rational communication, we must fully respect the views of others, and meanwhile express our own views reasonably, so as to

ANALYSIS ON THE APPLICATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS BASED ON RATIONAL COMMUNICATION IN TEACHING REFORM OF COLLEGE 188

gradually reach a consensus. Rational

communication must ensure that the

communicators have full and equal right of speech.

Rational communication can make the communication subject keep a happy mood and healthy psychological state, and can get new ideas and passion for creation from the process of communication, so that the communication subject can keep a high efficiency in learning and work. Language use is of great importance to ensure rational communication. The experiment designed in this paper mainly uses the method of rational language training to verify the role of rational communication in college teaching reform.

This paper selects 40 students to participate in the experiment, and divides them into experimental group (group 1) and control group (group 2). The basic information of the two groups is shown in Figure 1-3.

Figure 1

.

Gender ratio of the Group 1 and

the Group 2

As shown in Figure 1, in group 1 and group 2, the proportion of male and female students is exactly the same, therefore, this study assumes that gender factors will not affect the results.

As shown in Figure 2, in group 1 and group 2, the proportion of college students is higher than that of postgraduate students and doctoral students. In group 1, doctoral students are more than master students, while group 2 is the opposite. Since the number difference is not huge enough, the paper assumes the type of students has little impact on the results.

Figure 2

.

Different number of different type

of students

Figure 3

.

Age distribution of the students

As shown in Figure 3, there are some differences in the age distribution of students in group 1 and group 2, but in general, the distribution of the two is similar. Among the two groups, the number of students younger than or equal to 18 years old is less, while the number of students aged 19 and above is more; the number of students aged 24 and above is also less. Therefore, the number of students aged 19 to 24 in group 1 and group 2 is the most. The impact of age on this study is relatively small.

The experimental design of this paper is mainly to improve the students' communication level through rational communication theory teaching and linguistic training. The purpose of the experiment is to verify the impact of rational communication on students' confidence in communication and the harmony between students.

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Table 1.

Description and score of the

communication level

Description Very

good Good Normal Poor Very poor

Score 5 4 3 2 1

The flow of the whole experiment is shown in Figure 4. First, students who are willing to participate in the experiment are recruited, and then the students who sign up are screened. After the number of students meets the requirement, they are divided into groups. Half of the students were divided into the experimental group (group 1) and the other half into the control group (group 2). After grouping, students need to evaluate their communication level, and the evaluation method is shown in Table 1.

After the completion of the first subjective test, the tester was responsible for imparting rational communication theory and language using skills to the experimental group (group 1), while the control group did not participate in this

part. After the rational communication

education, the two groups of students are respectively involved in communication practice. After four rounds of communication practice, the second subjective test is conducted. After the second subjective test, the results of the two tests are compared and analyzed.

In addition, this study also conducted a questionnaire survey on the students who participated in the experiment. Students involved in were asked to answer questions about whether they believe a more pleasant communication experience has a positive impact on their study and work.

ANALYSIS ON THE APPLICATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS BASED ON RATIONAL COMMUNICATION IN TEACHING REFORM OF COLLEGE 190

Figure 5

.

Communication practice

Communication Practice

The communication practice designed in this paper is mainly divided into four processes as shown in Figure 5.

As shown in Figure 5, the first round of communication practice mainly includes four

steps, namely, self introduction, free

communication, sharing feelings and

establishing rules. Each step lasting for 15 minutes. The second round of communication practice mainly includes four steps, namely, the summary of last activity, playing games, value sharing, the summary this activity, and each step lasting for 15 minutes. The third round of communication practice mainly includes four steps including the last activity summary, game playing, music appreciation, and this activity summary. Each step also lasts for 15 minutes. The final round of communication practice mainly includes four steps: the last activity

summary, game playing, micro movie

appreciation, and this activity summary. Each step lasts for 15 minutes.

Analysis of Practice Results

This paper analyzes the first subjective test results of group 1 and group 2, and the analysis results are shown in Figure 6. Although there are some differences in scores of the two groups, the result of SPSS single sample t-test shows that P > 0.05, indicating that before the rational communication education and communication practice, there is no significant difference in communication ability and communication level between the two groups.

This paper analyzes the second subjective test results of group 1 and group 2 students, and the analysis results are shown in Figure 7. The results of SPSS single sample t-test showed that P < 0.05, which indicated that there were significant differences in communication ability and communication level between group 1 and group 2 students after rational communication related education and communication practice.

Students who had experienced rational

communication and language skills education thought they had made some progress in communication ability.

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Figure 6

.

Comparison of the Subjective test

1 results

Figure 7

.

Comparison of the Subjective test

2 results

Figure 8

.

Comparison of the Subjective test

1 and Subjective test 2 of Group 1

In addition, this paper also analyzes the first and second subjective test results of middle school students in Group 1, and the analysis

results are shown in Figure 8. There are some differences in the scores of the two subjective tests. The results of SPSS single sample t-test showed that P < 0.05, indicating that the communication ability and level of middle school students in Group 1 was improved to some extent after the rational communication related education and communication practice.

Finally, this paper also conducted a survey on whether the students who participated in the experiment believe that the a more pleasant communication experience may have a positive impact on their study and work, and the results are shown in Figure 9. 80% of the students think that a pleasant communication experience helps them keep a good attitude, concentrates more on learning and thus improves their learning efficiency. Therefore, rational communication has a certain application value in the teaching reform of colleges and universities.

Figure 9

.

Results of the survey

CONCLUSIONS

In this paper, a complete experiment is designed to study and analyze the influence of rational communication on college students. The conclusions can be drew as follows:

(1) After the rational communication experiment, the students in the experimental group and the control group who had no

significant difference in the original

communication level had significant differences in the communication level, indicating that rational education had a certain impact on students;

(2) Before and after the experiment, the communication level of the students in the

ANALYSIS ON THE APPLICATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS BASED ON RATIONAL COMMUNICATION IN TEACHING REFORM OF COLLEGE 192

experimental group improved significantly, showing that rational communication and language use teaching can improve the communication level of students to a certain extent;

(3) 80% of the students think that communication will have a certain impact on

students' learning passion and learning

efficiency, while 20% of them think the factor does not have significance impact, indicating that rational communication should be taken into consideration in teaching reforms of colleges and universities.

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