5th WORLD WATER FORUM. The challenge of climate change adaptation The Spanish National Climate Change Adaptation Plan

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_{The challenge of climate change}

adaptation

The Spanish National Climate

Change Adaptation Plan

José Ramón Picatoste Ruggeroni

Adaptation Strategies Unit

OECC / Spanish Climate Change Office

Spanish Ministry of Environment and Rural and Marine Affairs

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Human

Interference

CLIMATE

CHANGE

Responses

planning

ADAPTATION

IMPACTS AND

VULNERABILITIES

ON ECOLOGICAL

SYSTEMS AND

SOCIOECONOMIC

SECTORS

MITIGATION

Sources and

Sinks GHG

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IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE

IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE

Sources of Information on Impacts,

Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate

Change:

– Global Level –

• IPCC Reports – 4AR (WG1 & WG2)

– SR on CC+Water

– European Level

• R+D+i Projects

• EEA Reports

– National Level - Spain

• ECCE Project

• Coastal areas impact assessment

• National Adaptation Plan -PNACC

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Dism inución de la posibilidad de agua e incre m ento de las sequías en latitudes m edias y latitud es bajas sem iáridas 400 700 m illones 1.000 - 1.200 m illones 1.100 - 3.200 m illones

Más personas sufren c reciente estrés hídrico

AG U A

Creciente blanqueam iento del coral La m ayoría del coral blanqueado M ortalidad d el coral am pliam ente extendida

ECO SISTEM AS

Cam bios crecientes en la distribución de las especies y aum ento del riesgo de incendios

Los ecosistem as terrestres tienden a convertirse en fuentes netas de carbono ~ 15 % ~40 % de los ecosistem as afectados Dism uniye para alg unos cereales

ALIM ENTO S

Latitudes bajas

Latitudes m edias y altas

Inc re m ento p ara algunos cereales Dism inuye en algunas regiones Dism inuye para todos los cereales

Daños crecientes por inundaciones y torm entas

CO STAS

Más personas podrían sufrir

inundaciones costeras cada año (1) 0-3 m illones 2-15 m illones

Pérdida de alrededor d el 30 % de lo s hum edales costeros Aum ento de la m alnutrició n y las diarreas, así com o de enferm ed ad es infeccio sas y cardiorrespiratorias

S ALUD

Carga sustancial para los servicios sanitarios C am bios en la distribució n de algunos vectores de enferm edades

Cam bios en los ecosistem as debido al debilitam iento de la cinta transportadora atlántica

EVENTO S

SING ULARES

Retirada global del hielo en G roenlandia y en Antá rtida O ccidental

Ascenso co m prom etido del nivel del m ar de varios m etro s debido a la pérd ida d e hielo

Lleva a la reconfiguración de las líneas de costa en todo el m undo y a la inundación de las zonas bajas

0

1

2

3

4

5ºC

Inc re m ento de la disp onibilidad de agua en trópico s húm edos y latitudes altas

Dism inución de la posibilidad de agua e incre m ento de las sequías en latitudes m edias y latitud es bajas sem iáridas 400 700 m illones 1.000 - 1.200 m illones 1.100 - 3.200 m illones

Más personas sufren c reciente estrés hídrico

AG U A

Creciente blanqueam iento del coral La m ayoría del coral blanqueado M ortalidad d el coral am pliam ente extendida

ECO SISTEM AS

Cam bios crecientes en la distribución de las especies y aum ento del riesgo de incendios

Los ecosistem as terrestres tienden a convertirse en fuentes netas de carbono ~ 15 % ~40 % de los ecosistem as afectados Dism uniye para alg unos cereales

ALIM ENTO S

Latitudes bajas

Latitudes m edias y altas

Inc re m ento p ara algunos cereales Dism inuye en algunas regiones Dism inuye para todos los cereales

Daños crecientes por inundaciones y torm entas

CO STAS

Más personas podrían sufrir

inundaciones costeras cada año (1) 0-3 m illones 2-15 m illones

Pérdida de alrededor d el 30 % de lo s hum edales costeros Aum ento de la m alnutrició n y las diarreas, así com o de enferm ed ad es infeccio sas y cardiorrespiratorias

S ALUD

Carga sustancial para los servicios sanitarios C am bios en la distribució n de algunos vectores de enferm edades

Cam bios en los ecosistem as debido al debilitam iento de la cinta transportadora atlántica

EVENTO S

SING ULARES

Retirada global del hielo en G roenlandia y en Antá rtida O ccidental

Ascenso co m prom etido del nivel del m ar de varios m etro s debido a la pérd ida d e hielo

Lleva a la reconfiguración de las líneas de costa en todo el m undo y a la inundación de las zonas bajas

0

1

2

3

4

5ºC

Cam bios en las tem peraturas m edias globales respecto al periodo 1980-1999 (ºC)

IPCC – 4AR – WG II: “Climate Change 2007: Impacts,

Adaptation and vulnerability to CC”

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(4AR

(4AR

–

–

IPCC)

IPCC)

VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE

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Changes projected in the severity and frequency of drought events

2020

2070

ECHAM 4

_HadCM3

VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE

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•

Green paper: First policy document on adaptation from the

EC

•

Adopted in June 2007. Describes possible avenues for

action at EU level

FOUR PILLARS:

9

Early action in the EU > mainstreaming in EU policies

9

Reducing uncertainty by expanding the knowledge base

through integrated climate research

9

Integrating adaptation into EU external actions

9

Involving European society, business and public sector in

the preparation of coordinated and comprehensive

adaptation strategies

NEXT STEP:

Adoption of a

WHITE PAPER (in 2009)

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SPANISH NATIONAL ADAPTATION STRATEGY

PRELIMINARY

PROJECT: ECCE (2003-2005)

¾

An OECC initiative

¾

More than 400 experts participated

¾

Final report

published 2005

¾

Available

in paper, CD, Internet (

English

version

)

Approach :

•

Sectoral Evaluation:

comprehends key sectors an systems for Spanish social,

economic and environmental system

Structure

:

•

Sensibility to current climate

•

Foreseeable impacts of CC

•

Identification of Vulnerable Areas

•

Interactions among sectors considered

•

Knowledge gaps, Research needs

•

Initial identification of Adaptation options

Aim:

9

Review & compile the state of the art on CC impacts

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•

Forestry

•

Agriculture

•

Coastal areas

•

Natural hazards of climate

origin

•

Energy

•

Tourism

•

Insurance sector

•

Human health

•

Terrestrial ecosystems

•

Inland aquatic ecosystems

•

Marine ecosystems and

fisheries

•

Plant biodiversity

•

Animal biodiversity

•

Water resources

•

Soil resources

The

ECCE project

considered the

following sectors and systems in Spain:

SPANISH NATIONAL ADAPTATION STRATEGY

PRELIMINARY

PROJECT: ECCE (2003-2005)

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Aim:

Establish scientific, technical and economic mechanisms to provide

the Ministry of Environment with a scientific and technical toolbox for

establishing the relevant policies ans strategies for action in coastal

areas facing the CC

3 Phases:

I: Evaluation of

changes

in the Spanish coastal dynamics

II: Evaluation of the

effects

of changes

III: Defining

strategies

to face the CC in coastal areas

oecc

Impacts of CC in the Spanish Coasts

SPANISH NATIONAL ADAPTATION STRATEGY

PRELIMINARY

ASSESSMENT: COASTAL (2003-2005)

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REFERENCE FRAMEWORK FOR THE

COORDINATION OF ADMINISTRATIONS

COORDINATION OF ADMINISTRATIONS’

’

ACTIONS

ACTIONS

IN THE EVALUATION OF IMPACTS, VULNERABILITY AND

IN THE EVALUATION OF IMPACTS, VULNERABILITY AND

ADAPTACTION TO CC

ADAPTACTION TO CC

Fighting the effects of Climate Change in Spain:

The Spanish

N

ational

CC A

daptation

P

lan

(PNACC)

SPANISH NATIONAL ADAPTATION STRATEGY

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_OBJECTIVES

_OBJECTIVES

Î

Mainstreaming

Adaptation into the planning and management

of socioeconomic sectors and ecological systems

Î

Generating knowledge and building capacity

by establishing

a cumulative and continous process

Î

Assisting

all the relevant actors –

public administrations and

other stakeholders

–

public or private-

to help them evaluate

the impacts/vulnerabilities to CC in their particular sector of

interest, providing tools, methods, data and knowledge

Î

Promoting

participatory processes to help define

the best

likely options for adaptation to CC

Î

Spanish response to international commitments

SPANISH NATIONAL ADAPTATION STRATEGY

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Past

Present

Future

Global

Local

Bottom-up approach

Top-dow approach

Emision scenarios

Climatic and

socio-economic scenarios

Impact

assessments

Vulnerability

(phisical)

Assessment of the adaptative capacity

Participatory processes

Vulnerability

(social)

ADAPTATION TO

CLIMATE CHANGE

COMBINATION OF

APPROACHES

SPANISH NATIONAL ADAPTATION STRATEGY

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SPANISH NATIONAL ADAPTATION STRATEGY

PNACC

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ƒ

Biodiversity

ƒ

Water Resources

ƒ

Forestry

ƒ

Agriculture

ƒ

Coastal Zones

ƒ

Hunting and Fishing

(freshwater)

ƒ

Mountain Areas

ƒ

Soils

ƒ

Fishing and marine ecosystems

ƒ

Transport

ƒ

Human Health

ƒ

Industry and Energy

ƒ

Tourism

ƒ

Business and Insurance

ƒ

Urban Planning

ƒ

Infrastructure

Sectors and systems

are interlinked

Different time scales

SPANISH NATIONAL ADAPTATION STRATEGY

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1.

Generation of regional climate scenarios

(under coordination of

AEMet)

Objectives:

•

Development of regional climate scenarios for Spain

•

Establish an operative mechanism to

generate

periodically

regional climate scenarios

2.

Water Resources

(under coordination of DGA)

3.

Biodiversity

(under coordination of OAPN, DGMNyPF and

OECC)

Objectives:

•

Identification of

vulnerable Spanish habitats and species

and evaluate their

adaptation capacity

•

Set up a climate change monitoring network in the Spanish

National Park Network

4.

Coastal areas

(under coordination of DGC and OECC)

Objectives:

•

Identification of

most vulnerable

Spanish

coastal areas

and

elements

•

Mainstreaming

climate change adaptation into ICZM

SPANISH NATIONAL ADAPTATION STRATEGY

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ECCE

2005

2006

2007

2008

Framework for

adaptation

Æ

PNACC

1. Development of RCM (INM)

_{First results}

2. Water Resources

3. Biodiversity

Assessments in other sectors

4. Coastal Areas

SPANISH NATIONAL ADAPTATION STRATEGY

PNACC

-

SCHEDULE 1

SCHEDULE

ST

WORK PROGRAMME

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SPANISH NATIONAL ADAPTATION STRATEGY

PNACC

2nd WORK PROGRAMME

Æ

Planning in progress…

A more comprehensive approach with a focus in:

Æ

New Sectoral assessments

Æ

Rules and regulations for mainstreaming

Æ

Key stakeholders movilization

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_{The challenge of climate change}

adaptation

The Spanish National Climate

Change Adaptation Plan

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION…

José Ramón Picatoste Ruggeroni

Adaptation Strategies Unit

OECC / Spanish Climate Change Office

Spanish Ministry of Environment and Rural and Marine Affairs