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UMA HISTÓRIA DA ODONTOLOGIA NO BRASIL

Wander Pereira1

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

autônomo da ciência.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:!J+#$40+-9!65(.$(/(7+-9!".#+.(9

ABSTRACT: K3+#!-+&#!$(!-.-/L=%!$3%!3+#$(0+'-/!)-'M70(2.5!(<! 5%.$+#$0L!+.!80-=+/9!K3%!#20,%L!N-#!'(.52'$%5!$30(273!-!/+$%0-$20%! 0%,+%N!(<!$%A$#B!-0$+'/%#B!5+##%0$-$+(.#!-.5!$3%#%#!0%/-$%5!$(!$3%! $3%&%9!K3%!#$25L!+.5+'-$%#!$3-$!$3%!3+#$(0L!(<!80-=+/+-.!F%.$+#$0L! 3-#!2.5%07(.%!.2&%0(2#!$0-.#<(0&-$+(.#B!&-M+.7!%,+5%.$!-$$%&1$! $(!0%72/-0+=%!-.5!/%7-/+=%!$3%!10(<%##+(.!$30(273!/%7+#/-$+(.9!K3+#! #(0$B! $3%! #$25L! #3(N! $3-$! 5%#1+$%! %&%07+.7! -#! -! '0-<$! )0(M%.! -.5! #2)(05+.-$%! I%5+'+.%B! F%.$+#$0L! N(.! 3%0! 0%'(7.+$+(.! -#! -2$(.(&(2#!)0-.'3!(<!#'+%.'%9

KEYWORDS:History. Dentistry. Education.

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Apresentação

:.-/+#-.5(!(!1%0'20#(!3+#$40+'(!5-!65(.$(/(7+-!.(!80-#+/B!U! 1(##G,%/!,%0+@'-0!;2%!%/%!U!&-0'-5(!1(0!5+,%0#-#!$0-.#<(0&-CD%#B! 5%#5%! -! '(.'%1C>(! 5-! 10?$+'-! 5-! 65(.$(/(7+-! '(&(! -0$%! 5%!

cuidar dos dentes até a conquista da autonomia como ramo do

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dentista.

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1. A arte de cuidar dos dentes

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5%!)%.=%520-#B!0%=-#!%!2#(!5%!&%5+'-&%.$(#!H!72+#-!5%!4/%(!5%! '0-,(B!/?25-.(B!'Q.<(0-B!14/,(0-B!$%+-#!5%!-0-.3-B!%.$0%!(2$0(#9! :!@720-!5(!$+0-R5%.$%#!%!#2-!'-+A-!5%!3(00(0%#!^<-'-!5%!<(0&-#! %!$-&-.3(#!5+,%0#(#B!-/-,-.'-#B!)($+'D%#_!%0-!10('20-5-!'(&(!

último recurso.

S]`Pa:!b!c!F%.$+#$-!-&)2/-.$%B!bdef

Fonte: MIARNAU. Historia anecdótca de la Odotologia: através del

-0$%!L!5%!/-!/+$%0-$20-B!19!bgh9

Temos registros do cuidado com a dentição desde a Antiguidade. Acredita-se que a primeira menção sobre o

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Tais estudos sobre a arte de cuidar dos dentes eram

.($-,%/&%.$%!10%'?0+(#93!"B!%.$0%$-.$(B!&%#&(!'(&!-!5+@'2/5-5%! %.<0%.$-5-!1%/-!<-/$-!5%!0%'20#(#!5%!%#$25(B!-!0%'(&%.5-C>(!5-! 3+7+%.%!)2'-/!*?!%0-!-1(.$-5-!'(&(!<-$(0!10+.'+1-/!5%!&-.2$%.C>(!

da saúde oral.

F%!-'(05(!'(&!S20$-5(B4 o primeiro registro de intervenção 5%.$?0+-!.(!80-#+/!U!-$0+)2G5(!-!J-.#!Y$-5%.!;2%B!'-1$20-5(!1%/(#! G.5+(#!$21+.-&)?#!.(!-.(!5%!bdjkB!#(<0%2!5%!V<(0$%#!5(0%#!.2&! 5%.$%W! 5%+A-.5(R(! V'(&1/%$-&%.$%! -)-$+5(W9! F+-.$%! 5+##(B! 2&! G.5+(!$0(2A%!2&!-1-0%/3(!5%!&-5%+0-!'(&!(!;2-/!10%$%.5+-!%A$0-+0! (!5%.$%!5(%.$%B!(!;2%!'-2#(2!1Q.+'(!%&!Y$-5%.B!;2%!#%!0%'2#(2!

a realizar o procedimento.

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do escorbuto. A observação de tais mazelas proporcionou um

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corrente.

(5)

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atividades laborais.

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n(3.!J2.$%0B!%&!#2-!()0-!+.$+$2/-5-!The Natural History of the Human Teeth!^bkhb_B!-10%#%.$-!-!'(.'%1C>(!5%!;2%!(!%/%&%.$(! 5%.$?0+(!%0-!2&!'(01(!%#$0-.3(!-(!(07-.+#&(!32&-.(!%!;2%!#%0+-!

eliminado com o decorrer do tempo.

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p2-$0(! +.'+#40+(#B! 1(0;2%! '(0$-&! (! '(&%0B! (2! -.$%0+(0%#! 1(0;2%! são os primeiros que se veem quando se abre a boca [...] Estes 5%.$%#! +.'+#40+(#! .>(! $X&! &-+#! ;2%! 2&-! 0-+=q! 5(+#! '-.+.(#! 1(0! #%0%&!&2+$(!-725(#B!(2$0(#!/3%!'3-&-&!5%!('2/-0%#B!1(0;2%!1-0$%! 5(!.%0,(!;2%!<-=!)2/+0!(#!(/3(#!%#$?!10%7-5-!.%/%#!%!1(0!+##(!U! 1%0+7(#(!-00-.'?R/(#q!5%=!&(/-0%#B!(#!;2-+#!$X&!&2+$-#!0-G=%#B!-(#! 5(+#!E/$+&(#!'3-&-&!5%.$%#!5-!#-)%5(0+-B!(2!#+#(B!(2!^'(&(!5+=! :,+'%.-_!5%.$%#!5(!%.$%.5+&%.$(!1(0;2%!.-#'%&!-(#!$0+.$-!-.(#B!

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que é o tempo da madureza. [...] Tem os dentes veias e artérias '(&!;2%!'0%#'%&B!.>(!%&!/-0720-B!&-#!%&!'(&10+&%.$(97

A riqueza de detalhes na observação realizada da arcada

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diversos que mudavam de pessoa para pessoa.

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do hibridismo cultural.9! 6! '(.$-$(! 5-! 1(12/-C>(! .-$+,-! '(&! (!

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improvisada.

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17 Decreto de 2 de abril de 1808. Estabelece uma cadeira de Anatomia no

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20

Um pouco de nossa história. Faculdade de Medicina da UFRJ. Disonível

em http://www.medicina.ufrj.br/colchoes.php?id_colchao=1. Acesso em: 15 ago. 2011.

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24! n(#%!I-0$+.#!5-!i02=!n()+&B!2&!5(#!<2.5-5(0%#!5-!:'-5%&+-!Z-'+(.-/!5%! I%5+'+.-B!%.<('-.5(!#2-!1%0#(.-/+5-5%!.(!%.#+.(!%!.-!10?$+'-!&U5+'-B!.-! 1%0;2+0+C>(!'+%.$G@'-!%!.-#!'-&1-.3-#!#-.+$?0+-#B!.-!-5&+.+#$0-C>(!1E)/+'-!

e na tribuna parlamentar.

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Z%##-!U1('-!.>(!%A+#$+-!(!0%'20#(!5-!-.%#$%#+-q!#%.5(!-##+&B! %0-! &2+$(! +&1(0$-.$%! -! 0%-/+=-C>(! 0?1+5-! 5(#! 10('%5+&%.$(#! '+0E07+'(#!1-0-!;2%!-!%A1(#+C>(!H!5(0!<(##%!(!&-+#!)0%,%!1(##G,%/9! F%##-!&-.%+0-B!(#!)-0)%+0(#!%0-&!'(.<2.5+5(#!'(&!(#!'+0207+D%#B! 1(0;2%! 5%$+.3-&! (#! +.#$02&%.$(#! &-+#! -@-5(#B! <-'+/+$-.5(! -! 0%-/+=-C>(!5%!'+0207+-#!5%!<(0&-!0?1+5-9!6!p2-50(!b!-10%#%.$-!

uma relação de ativistas da Medicina e de suas atividades no século XIX.

QUADRO 1 - Ativistas da Medicina e suas atividades

Ativistas da Medicina Atividades

SG#+'(#!(2!m+'%.'+-5(#

Médicos da época que ocupavam os car-7(#!5%!<G#+'(#!5-!i(0(-B!5(!Y%.-5(B!5-! iQ&-0-B!5(!V1-0$+5(W!%!5-!$0(1-9

i+0207+D%#R)-0)%+0(#! (2! '+0207+D%#R-10( -,-5(#!(2!'+0207+D%#R%A-&+.-5(#

F%,%0+-&!%A%0'%0!2.+'-&%.$%!-!'+0207+-B! .(! %.$-.$(! 10-$+'-,-&! $(5-! &%5+'+.-B! 5-5-!-!%#'-##%=!5(#!<G#+'(#9

8-0)%+0(#

Y2)&%$+-&R#%!-!%A-&%#!1-0-!(#!-$(#!5%! #-.70+-B!#-0*-C>(B!-1/+'-C>(!5%!,%.$(#-#!

e arrancamento dos dentes. Arvoravam-se %&!&U5+'(#B!;2-.5(!1(5+-&9

:10%.5+=%#! 5%! )-0)%+0(#! %! '+0207+D%#

--barbeiros

O0-$+'-,-&! -! &%5+'+.-! %&! <2.C>(! 5-! +.%A+#$X.'+-!5%!10(@##+(.-+#!3-)+/+$-5(#9

8($+'?0+(#!%!#%2#!-10%.5+=%# O0-$+'-,-&! -! &%5+'+.-! %&! <2.C>(! 5-! +.%A+#$X.'+-!5%!10(@##+(.-+#!3-)+/+$-5(#9

(16)

:.-/+#-.5(!(!pP:Fa6!bB!1(5%R#%!+.<%0+0!;2%!-!.%'%##+5-5%!

de cuidados com prevenção e tratamento de doenças gerava a

+&10(,+#-C>(!5%!#2*%+$(#!;2%!#%!5+#12.3-&!-!%A%0'%0!-$+,+5-5%#! &U5+'-#B!%.$0%!%/%#!(#!<G#+'(#B!(#!-/7%)0+#$-#B!(#!)-0)%+0(#B!(#! '20-.5%+0(#!%!(#!)($+'?0+(#9!:!+.%A+#$X.'+-!5%!1%##(-#!3-)+/+$-5-#! <(0C-,-!-!2$+/+=-C>(!5%!,?0+(#!$+1(#!10(@##+(.-+#!;2%!%A%0'+-&!-! <2.C>(!5%!$0-)-/3-5(0%#!5-!#-E5%!%B!5%!<(0&-!%#1%'G@'-B!.-#! 5(%.C-#!5%.$?0+-#9

:!65(.$(/(7+-!%0-!'(.#+5%0-5-!2&-!-0$%B!#%.5(!0%-/+=-5(#! ,%05-5%+0(#! %#1%$?'2/(#! %&!10-C-! 1E)/+'-! 1(0! 1%##(-#! #%&!(! '(.3%'+&%.$(!$U'.+'(R'+%.$G@'(B!(!;2%!'(.$0+)2G-!1-0-!(!5%#'0U5+$(! 5-! 10(@##>(9! Z-! U1('-B! (#! 10(@##+(.-+#! %0-&! 5%.(&+.-5(#!

cirurgião-barbeiro.

:!i+0207+-!`%0-/!<(+!%.7/()-5-!1%/-!I%5+'+.-!%!-!65(.$(/(7+-! #%1-0(2R#%! 5%/-B! #%72+.5(! '(&(! '20#(! +.5%1%.5%.$%9! Z-! 0%-/+5-5%B! +##(! ('(00%2! -1%.-#! %&! -/72.#! 1-G#%#B! 1(+#! %&! &2+$(#! (2$0(#! /('-+#! 5(! &2.5(! -! 65(.$(/(7+-! -+.5-! U! 2&-!

subespecialidade da Medicina.

6! ;2-50(! 5%! 10(@##+(.-+#! 5-! #-E5%B! <%+$(! 1(0! /%+7(#B! 1(0! 1%##(-#!'(&!-#!&-+#!5+,%0#-#!<(0&-CD%#B!.>(!%0-!%A'/2#+,+5-5%! 5-!65(.$(/(7+-9!Z-!,%05-5%B!-!#-E5%!%&!7%0-/!%0-!5(&+.-5-!1(0! /%+7(#!%&!$(5-!-!'(/o.+-!-$U!(!#U'2/(![][B!1%/-!10410+-!-2#X.'+-! 5%!1%##(-/!;2-/+@'-5(!1-0-!%A%0'%0!$-+#!<2.CD%#9!

:(!-.-/+#-0!-#!+.#$+$2+CD%#!5%!#-E5%!%!-#!1%##(-#!;2%!#%! 10(12.3-&!H!10?$+'-!5-!I%5+'+.-!.%##%!1%0G(5(B!`(.50-!-@0&-

:! %A+#$X.'+-! 5%##-#! +.#$+$2+CD%#! <(+! &-0'-5-! 1(0! 2&! ;2-50(! 5%! 1%.E0+-!5%!&%+(#!5%!#2)#+#$X.'+-B!%#'-##%=!5%!&%5+'-&%.$(#!%! 5%! 2&-! 10%'?0+-! -##+#$X.'+-! $U'.+'-9! 6! 3(#1+$-/! '(.#$+$2G-! &-+#! 2&!5%14#+$(!5%!5(%.$%#B!<2.'+(.-.5(!'(&(!10410+-!-.$%'Q&-0-! 5-!&(0$%9!:/U&!5(#!}.5+(#B!.%70(#B!*%#2G$-#B!-/72.#!)0-.'(#B!'(&! '-0-'$%0G#$+'-#!5+#$+.$-#B!&-+#!(2!&%.(#!%#1%'+-/+=-5(#B!$-&)U&! 5%#%.,(/,%0-&!10?$+'-#!&U5+'-#926

(17)

6! '(.3%'+&%.$(! $U'.+'(R'+%.$G@'(! -+.5-! .>(! %0-! %A+7+5(! '(&(!0%;2+#+$(!1-0-!5+1/(&-C>(!%!1-0-!-!<(0&-C>(!)?#+'-!5(#! 10(@##+(.-+#!5-!#-E5%9!Y(&%.$%!%&!bldg!<(+!(2$(07-5(!-(!F+0%$(0! 5%!J+7+%.%!OE)/+'-!(!5+0%+$(!5%!'(.'%5%0!-/,-0?!5%!/+'%.C-!1-0-! %A%0'G'+(!5%##%!&+#$%0!-!;2%&!(!0%;2%0%##%9!".$0%$-.$(B!#(&%.$%! %0-&!%A+7+5(#!'%0$+5>(!5%!)-$+#&(B!<(/3-!'(00+5-!%!2&!%A-&%!&2+$(! #2&?0+(B!0%-/+=-5(!'(&(!<(0&-/+5-5%927

"&! blreB! 1(0! +.$%0'%##>(! 5%! K3%($(.3(! 8(07%#! F+.+=! c! '+0207+>(! 5%.$+#$-B! &-+#! $-05%! -70-'+-5(! '(&! $G$2/(! 5%! 8-0>(! F+.+=!cB+.+'+(2R#%!-!%A+7X.'+-B!-(#!10-$+'-.$%#!5-!V-0$%!5%.$?0+-WB! 5%! #2)&%$%0%&R#%! -! 2&-! 10(,-! 0%-/+=-5-! 1(0! 2&-! n2.$-! 5%! O0(<%##(0%#!5%!I%5+'+.-B!5-#!'-5%+0-#!5%!:.-$(&+-B!i+0207+-!(2! S+#+(/(7+-!%!J+7+%.%9!O-##(2R#%!-!%A+7+0!-!0%-/+=-C>(!5%!2&-!10(,-! (0-/!%!2&-!10(,-!10?$+'-9!:!10(,-!(0-/!%0-!)-#+'-&%.$%!#()0%!(#! (##(#!5-!<-'%B!%!-!10?$+'-!'(.#+#$+-!%&!0%-/+=-0!2&-!%A(5(.$+-!c! %A$0-C>(!(2!0%&(C>(!5%!2&!%/%&%.$(!5%.$?0+(!c%&!2&!'-5?,%0! %&!5%'E)+$(!5(0#-/B!(2!#%*-B!5%+$-5(!'(&!(!,%.$0%!1-0-!'+&-!%! &2+$-#!,%=%#!*?!'(&!0+7+5%=!'-5-,U0+'-9!F%##-!<(0&-B!+.+'+(2R#%! 2&-!$%.$-$+,-!5%!#%1-0-0!(#!10?$+'(#!5(#!5%.$+#$-#!5+1/(&-5(#q! -1%#-0!5%!#21%0@'+-/!%!1(2'(!%@'+%.$%B!$-/!-C>(!0%10%#%.$(2!(! &-0'(! +.+'+-/! 1-0-! $0-C-0! 2&-! 5+<%0%.'+-C>(! %.$0%! )-0)%+0(#! %!

dentistas.

i(&!(!F%'0%$(!k9fbbB28!5%!ed!5%!(2$2)0(!5%!blljB!hg!-.(#! -14#!-!<(0&-/+=-C>(!5(!i20#(!5%!I%5+'+.-B!(!5%!65(.$(/(7+-!<(+!

reconhecido como Curso Superior.

6!F%'0%$(!k9fbb!'0+(2!(!i20#(!5%!65(.$(/(7+-!.-#!<-'2/5-5%#! 5(!a+(!5%!n-.%+0(!%!5-!8-3+-B!-.%A(!-(!5%!I%5+'+.-B!+.#$+$2+.5(R#%! (!'-07(!5%!10%1-0-5(0!5%!65(.$(/(7+-B!'(&(!<2.C>(!+.$%70-.$%! 5-!'-5%+0-!5%!i+0207+-9!6!'20#(!5%!65(.$(/(7+-!<2.'+(.-,-!5%! <(0&-! -.%A-! -(! 5%! I%5+'+.-B! $%.5(! '(&(! 5('%.$%#B! %&! #2-!

27 I:]"{Yu]B!Z%N$(.!I-$(70(##%.#%9!Z9!IG5+-!%&!iFRa6I!#()0%!-!3+#$40+-! 5-!65(.$(/(7+-B!.>(!1-7+.-5(9!I2#%2!5-!:869O09B!:'-5%&+-B!bkkk9 28! F%'0%$(! .~! k9fbbB! 5%! ed! 5%! (2$2)0(! 5%! bllj9! i0+-C>(! 5(#! '20#(#! 5%!

65(.$(/(7+-!.(!80-#+/9!F+#1(.G,%/!%& !3$$1 ttNNNe9'-&-0-97(,9)0t/%7+.t<%5t

(18)

&-+(0+-B!&U5+'(#!%!-/72.#!5%.$+#$-#9!a%##-/$%R#%!;2%!.>(!3-,+-! 10%1-0-C>(!10?$+'-!520-.$%!(!'20#(9!6#!10(<%##(0%#!5%.$+#$-#!.>(! $+.3-&!-2$(.(&+-!1-0-!-1/+'-0!-,-/+-C>(!-(#!-/2.(#B!1(+#!%##-#! %0-&!0%-/+=-5-#!5%!<(0&-!%A'/2#+,-!1%/(#!5('%.$%#!&U5+'(#9

:$2-/&%.$%B!'(&%&(0-R#%!(!5+-!.-'+(.-/!5(!'+0207+>(R5%.$+#$-! .-! 5-$-! 5%! <2.5-C>(! 5%#$%! '20#(B! ed! 5%! (2$2)0(! 5%! bllj929 A '0+-C>(!5-!<-'2/5-5%!-.%A-!-(!'20#(!5%!I%5+'+.-!$(0.(2R#%!2&! &-0'(!1-0-!-!65(.$(/(7+-!)0-#+/%+0-9

O(0! 5%$%0&+.-C>(! 5(!:0$+7(! lz! 5(! F%'0%$(! k9fbbB! <+'(2! 5%@.+5(!;2%!(!'20#(!5%!65(.$(/(7+-!$%0+-!$0X#!-.(#!5%!520-C>(9! :#!5+#'+1/+.-#!#%0+-&!5+#$0+)2G5-#!5-!#%72+.$%!<(0&- !

No primeiro ano deveriam constar: €SG#+'-!"/%&%.$-0B!

€p2G&+'-!I+.%0-/B!%!"/%&%.$-0B! €:.-$(&+-!F%#'0+$+,-B

€K(1(70-@-!5-!S-'%q

6!#%72.5(!-.(!#%0+-&!'(.$%&1/-5-#!-#!#%72+.$%#!&-$U0+-# €J+#$(/(7+-!F%.$?0+-B!

€S+#+(/(7+-!F%.$?0+-B €O-$(/(7+-!F%.$?0+-B €J+7+%.%!5-!8('-q

"B!@.-/&%.$%B!(!$%0'%+0(!-.(!'(.#$-0+-!5%!2&-!E.+'-!5+#'+1/+.- €K%0-1X2$+'-!F%.$?0+-9

i(.<(0&%! ()#%0,-5(B! .>(! %0-&! ()0+7-$40+-#! 5+#'+1/+.-#! '/G.+'-#B!.%&!%0-&!'(.$%&1/-5-#!&-$U0+-#!5%!<(0&-C>(!$%40+'(R 10?$+'-9! S(+! .%'%##?0+(! -/$%0-0! (! %#$-$2$(! 5-#! <-'2/5-5%#! 5%! I%5+'+.-!1-0-!1(##+)+/+$-0!-!'0+-C>(!5%!'20#(#!5%!65(.$(/(7+-

@'(2!'(.3%'+5-!1%/(!.(&%!5%!a%<(0&-!Y-)(+-B!5%,+5(!H!-$2-C>(!5(! %.$>(!5+0%$(0!5-!S-'2/5-5%!5%!I%5+'+.-!5(!a+(!5%!n-.%+0(B!\+'%.$%!

29 Esta data foi instituída como o Dia da Saúde Dentária, pela Lei nº 3.504, de

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Cândido Figueira de Saboia (1881-1889). Cada Faculdade deveria ministrar um curso de Ciências Médicas e Cirúrgicas e mais três '20#(#!-.%A(#B!(!5%!S-0&?'+-B!-+.5-!%&!$0X#!-.(#B!(!5%!6)#$%$0G'+-! %!`+.%'(/(7+-B!%&!5(+#!-.(#B!%!(!5%!65(.$(/(7+-!%&!$0X#!-.(#930

6! -/2.(! <(0&-5(! 1%/(! i20#(! 5%! 65(.$(/(7+-! -.%A(! H#! <-'2/5-5%#!5%!I%5+'+.-!5(!a+(!5%!n-.%+0(!%!5-!8-3+-!0%'%)+-!(! $G$2/(!5%!5%.$+#$-B!-1%#-0!5%!.>(!$%0!#%2!5+1/(&-!-##+.-5(9!:##+&B! (!80-#+/!1-##(2!-!<(0&-0!#%2#!10410+(#!5%.$+#$-#9

:!0%<(0&-!%52'-'+(.-/!8%.*-&+.!i(.#$-.$B31 %&!blkbB!0%52=+2! -!520-C>(!5(!'20#(!5%!65(.$(/(7+-!5%!$0X#!1-0-!5(+#!-.(#9!"##-! 0%<(0&-!0%#2/$(2!.(!F%'0%$(!.z!b9jleB!5%!ej!5%!*2/3(!5%!blkf32!;2%B! %.$0%!(2$0-#!&25-.C-#!.-!S-'2/5-5%!5%!I%5+'+.-B!5%$%0&+.(2!;2%! (!-/2.(!5%!65(.$(/(7+-!0%'%)%##%!(!$G$2/(!5%!'+0207+>(R5%.$+#$-9! 6!$G$2/(!'(&!%##-!5%.(&+.-C>(!1%0&-.%'%!-$U!(#!5+-#!-$2-+#9

].E&%0-#! <(0-&! -#! 5+@'2/5-5%#! 1-0-! (! '20#(! #21%0+(0! 5%! 65(.$(/(7+-!'(.;2+#$-0!-2$(.(&+-!%&!0%/-C>(!H!I%5+'+.-9!"&! bkbbB!('(00%2!-!a%<(0&-!a+,-5?,+-B33 que aboliu o privilégio do 5+1/(&-!%!'0+(2!-!'-5%+0-!$U'.+'-!.-!65(.$(/(7+-9!

:##+&B! .>(! #%0+-! &-+#! .%'%##?0+(! 1(##2+0! 5+1/(&-! 1-0-! %A%0'%0!-!65(.$(/(7+-B!(2!#%*-B!1%##(-#!'(&!(2!#%&!<(0&-C>(! #21%0+(0! 1(5%0+-&! -$%.5%09! i(.$25(B! -1%#-0! 5(! -1-0%.$%! 0%$0('%##(!'(&(!0-&(!'+%.$G@'(!-2$o.(&(B!.%##-!<-#%!('(00%2!

30 [:\]"aB!:.50U-! m%&(#. 7#0#)+3/#)' -#$%./#0)89#)2/340)' (&$' :#;+0#&$' (&'

Saúde no Brasil (1932-1930). !"!#$%#&"'!($)# *+,- Fiocruz. Disponível

%./# 01223/44'''56)657)6*+,58*4)8"%*9!2)*:)1:"2)*:!49%*8%2%"4# %"6!;6:.%*<5 3$=>. Acesso em: 25 nov. 2011.

31# >%6*%2)#;?#@5ABCD#$%#@C#$%#)+2+8*)#$%#@EF@5#Reforma Educacional Ministro

Benjamin Constant5#>:"3);G9%(#%./#01223/44'''5(%H.(5I)958*4+*;4+*;/(%H/8*/= %$%*!(/$%6*%2)/@EF@JC@J@C-@ABCK5#L6%"")#%./#@#.!:5#AC@A5

32# >%6*%2)# ;?# @5MEAD# $%# AM# $%# <+(1)# $%# @EFN5#Lei que institui o título de

cirurgião-dentista5# >:"3);G9%(# %./# 01223/44'''A56!.!*!5I)958*4(%I:;4=%$4

decret/1824-1899/decreto-1482-24-julho-1893-519353-publicacaooriginal-1-pe.html>. Acesso em: 1 mai. 2012.

33# >%6*%2)# ;?# E5OPFD# $%# P# $%# !8*:(# $%# @F@@5#Reforma educacional ministro

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+.#$%"%;9)(9:.%;2)#$!#3!*2%#2R6;:6!#;)"#6+*")"#$%#&$);2)()I:!D# 3):"#:;2*)$+,:*!.J"%#!"#6!$%:*!"#2R6;:6!"#%D#6);6).:2!;2%.%;2%D# 9%*:76!*!.J"%#.%(1)*:!"#;!#=)*.!ST)#$)"#)$);2U()I)"5#V!.8R.# 6).# !# W%=)*.!# W:9!$X9:!D# 3!"")+J"%# !# %H:I:*# !# !3*)9!ST)# ;)# %H!.%#9%"2:8+(!*#3!*!#:;I*%"")#;)#6+*")#"+3%*:)*5#&#!(+;)D#3!*!# :;I*%""!*#;)#2%*6%:*)#I*!+D#$%9%*:!#"%*#!3*)9!$)#;)#9%"2:8+(!*D# :;$%3%;$%;2%.%;2%#$!#6);6(+"T)#$!#%"6)(!#3*)7"":);!(:,!;2%5

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&# %H%*6G6:)# $!# &$);2)()I:!# ;)# 2%**:2U*:)# ;!6:);!(# "U# R# 3%*.:2:$)# !)#6:*+*I:T)J$%;2:"2!#1!8:(:2!$)#3)*#%"6)(!#)+#=!6+($!$%#)76:!(#)+# *%6);1%6:$!D# !3U"# )# *%I:"2*)# $)# $:3().!# ;!# >:*%2)*:!# $)# Y;":;)# s+3%*:)*D#;)#s%*9:S)#n!6:);!(#$%#]:"6!(:,!ST)#$!#&$);2)logia sob 6+<!#<+*:"$:ST)D#"%#!61!*#)#()6!(#$%#"+!#!2:9:$!$%547

Com %""!# (%:# =%$%*!(D# 2%;2)+J"%# (:.:2!*# )# %H%*6G6:)# $!#

&$);2)()I:!# !# 3%"")!"# 1!8:(:2!$!"# 6).# $:3().!# =)*;%6:$)# 3)*# %"6)(!# )+# =!6+($!$%# )76:!(# )+# *%6);1%6:$!D# !# 3!*2:*# $%""%# .).%;2)D#6).#!#*%I+(!.%;2!ST)#$!"#%H:I_;6:!"#.G;:.!"#3!*!# !2+!ST)#6).)#6:*+*I:T)J$%;2:"2!5#&#2*!8!(1)#$)#3*X2:6)#3!"")+#!# "%*#6);":$%*!$)#%H%*6G6:)#:(%I!(#$!#3*)7""T)5##

!"#$%&'()*+,-)&".%+'&

Y"2%#2*!8!(1)#3*)6+*)+#$%.);"2*!*D#$%#=)*.!#:;6:3:%;2%D#6).)# "%#$%+#)#3*)6%"")#$!#=)*.!(:,!ST)#%#6);"2*+ST)#$)#%H%*6G6:)#$!# &$);2)()I:!D#!3*%"%;2!;$)#!"#3*:;6:3!:"#.+$!;S!"#%#2*!;"=)*.!Sg%"# ocorridas desde o período colonial até os dias atuais.

Para minorar a dor dos dentes cariados era utilizado qualquer .R2)$)D#:;$)#$%"$%#8%;,%$+*!"#%#*%,!"#!2R#l.%$:6!.%;2)"m#%# "+8"2v;6:!"#$!"#.!:"#9!*:!$!"5#a!(:!J"%D#2!.8R.D#6).)#*%6+*")# 7;!(D#$!#7I+*!#$)#2:*!J$%;2%"D#)+#"%<!D#$)#8!*8%:*)5

^%*6%8%J"%#`+%D#;)#!2%;$:.%;2)#)$);2)(UI:6)D#3%*$+*)+#!# 2R6;:6!#$!#%H2*!ST)#$)"#$%;2%"D#%#`+%#!#=)*.!ST)#$)#!2%;$%;2%# %*!# %.:;%;2%.%;2%# 3*X2:6!# ;)# :;G6:)# $)# "R6+()# phpD# "%;$)# 3)"2%*:)*.%;2%# :;2*)$+,:$!# !# %"3%6:!(:,!ST)# 3*)=:"":);!(# $)# $%;2:"2!#;)#i*!":(D#.)$:76!;$)#)"#*+.)"#$)#$%"%;9)(9:.%;2)#$!"# 3*X2:6!"#$%#"!f$%#8+6!(5

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(27)

L#&$);2)()I:!#6).%S)+#!#!3*%"%;2!*#+.!#$:6)2).:!#6!$!# 9%,# .!:"# 6(!*!# %;2*%# !`+%(!# %H%*6:$!# 3%()"# 3*X2:6)"# d*%!(:,!$!# 3)*#%"6*!9)"D#%HJ%"6*!9)"D#8!*8%:*)"e#%#3%()"#3*)7"":);!:"#6).# =)*.!ST)#$%;).:;!$)"#6:*+*I:g%"D#(:6%;6:!$)"D#$%;2:"2!"5

&# 3*)6%"")# $%# (%I!(:,!ST)# $)# %H%*6G6:)# $!# &$);2)()I:!# %# !# 3*)7"":);!(:,!ST)# !6:**!*!.# )# 3*%6);6%:2)# %# !# 8+"6!# $!#

(:.:2!ST)# $!# !2+!ST)# $)"# 3*X2:6)"5#L# 6);`+:"2!# $)# "2!2+" de

ramo do conhecimento e desenvolvimento da especialização $!# &$);2)()I:!# 9%:)# 6).# )# "+*I:.%;2)# $%# :;f.%*!"# 2R6;:6!"# )$);2)(UI:6!"#%#6)(!8)*)+#3!*!#*%9)(+ST)#$)#%;":;)#%#$!#3*X2:6!# $!#&$);2)()I:!#;)#i*!":(5#

L6*%$:2!.)"#`+%#%"2%#%"2+$)#3)""!#6);2*:8+:*#3!*!#=+2+*!"# 3%"`+:"!"# !# *%"3%:2)# $!# 1:"2U*:!# $!# &$);2)()I:!# ;)# i*!":(# $%# =)*.!#!#$%"3%*2!*#)#:;2%*%""%#$)"#%"2+$:)")"#3!*!#:.3)*2v;6:!# $%#"%#%;2%;$%*#%#:;2%*3*%2!*#!"#%"3%6:76:$!$%"#%#":;I+(!*:$!$%"# $!#3*)7""T)5#

Referencias

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