CENTRE VS MARGINS
• JESÚS VARELA-ZAPATA. PROFESSOR ENGLISH AND CULTURAL STUDIES.
• U. SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA (SPAIN)
THE POSTCOLONIAL “OTHER”
the Other
• dissimilar, different
• one that is basically separte from the self
• The unconscious or even the insane (alien/
alienation)
• Self requires the (radically ) Other
PARIS, ALGERIA WAR
Edward Said
PREJUDICE
• West: inaccurate representations of the Eastern world
• Eurocentric prejudice against Arab–
Islamic culture
ORIENTALISM
• “exotic East”
• “inscrutable Orient”
• the “Other”
CANNIBALS
FRANKLIN’S EXPEDITION
AFRICAN PORTRAIT
SPIVAK (2012 Kyoto Prize)
SUBALTERN
•LATIN:
Sub- alter= the other below
KIPLING
WHITE MAN’S BURDEN
• Take up the White Man's burden-
• Send forth the best ye breed—
• Go bind your sons to exile
• To serve your captives' need;
• To wait in heavy harness,
• On fluttered folk and wild—
• Your new-caught, sullen peoples,
• Half-devil and half-child.
EL PAÍS
02 JUN 2015
AMÉRICA LATINA: LOS DESAFÍOS » Sur busca Sur
El tradicional estilo de cooperación del Norte, basado solo en el apoyo
financiero, en el arriba-abajo, se difumina como referente. Ejemplos evidentes se dan en las ciudades
Las urbes latinoamericanas y africanas, desiguales y faltas de recursos, se alían y apoyan en busca de modelos de desarrollo, convivencia, equidad y paz
FOUCAULT
• Knowledge controlled by stuctures of power and ideology.
• Discourses are hierarchically controlled.
BLACK SKINS, WHITE MASKS
Frantz Fanon
CENTRE, PERIPHERY
NO LONGER EUROCENTRIC
What to Write? Chimamanda Adichie
NEW LITERATURES
H. BLOOM, The Western Canon
• USA
• SAUL BELLOW
• PAUL BOWLES
• NORMAN MAILER
• ARTHUR MILLER
• JOHN UPDIKE
• TONI MORRISON
• UK AND IRELAND
• ANTHONY BURGESS
• GRAHAM GREENE
• ROBERT GRAVES
• WILLIAM GOLDING
• DORIS LESSING
• SAMUEL BECKETT
• PHILIP LARKIN
• POSTCOLONIAL
• V.S. NAIPAUL
• DEREK WALCOTT
• CHINUA ACHEBE
• NADINE GORDIMER
• J.M. COETZEE
• R.K. NARAYAN
• SALMAN RUSHDIE
• ALICE MUNRO
• MARGARET ATWOOD
• THOMAS KENEALLY
• PETER CAREY
SCHOLARSHIP AND CANON, VARIANTS
J. VARELA-ZAPATA
WOLE
SOYINKA 1934- 1986 222 303 36.48
CHINUA
ACHEBE 1930- --- 229 236 3.05
LIFE
SPAN AWARDED
(YEAR) MLA ENTRIES FOR PREVIOUS TEN-YEAR PERIOD
MLA ENTRIES FOR SUBSEQUENT TEN-YEAR PERIOD
%
INCREASE IN MLA RECORDS
CULTURA GLOBAL
STILL POSTCOLONIAL
BUT TREADING THE GLOBAL PATH
• CHAPTER ONE
• JESÚS VARELA ZAPATA
• UNIVERSITY OF SANTIADO DE COMPOSTELA
• Abstract
• Literary studies are no exception to the trend contemporary humanities are
• moving towards in a redefinition in the context of globalization.
• Literatures in English from geographical backgrounds as diverse as
• Britain, Ireland, America as well as a vast array of postcolonial countries
• are currently finding a common ground in emerging fields such as global
• studies. Given the preeminence of the English language on a world-wide
• scale, these literatures are expected to become more influential and thus
• reach higher levels of readership across the continents, beyond the United
• States or the assorted realms of Commonwealth societies. This means that
• their coverage of contemporary issues and themes, such as migration or
• hybridization, will continue expanding, in such a way that the notion of a
• contemporary literature in English will most likely bear a global label.
• Keywords: Globalization, Literatures in English, Postcolonial Studies,
• Global Canon.