Boletín CEDE (Versión Inglés)

CEDE

May 2003

Year 7- Bulletin No.13

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http://economia.uniandes.edu.co/esp/html/index.php3

NEW LIBRARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF

ECONOMICS-CEDE

CEDE - ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH CENTER

DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS – UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES

CONTENTS

Editorial Coordination

Juan Carlos Echeverry Fabio Sánchez Camila Rey Rebeca Montoya

Production and Design

Ediciones Uniandes

Prepress and Press

Proceditor

e-mail: proceditor@yahoo.es Correspondence to: FABIO SANCHEZ Director CEDE

Cra. 1 No. 18A-10 Edificio C Telephone: (57-1) 3324495 Fax: (57-1) 3324492

e-mail: fasanche@uniandes.edu.co

ISSN 1657-5342

Opening Hours

Monday-Friday 7:00 a.m. – 7:00 p.m. Saturdays, 9:00 a.m. – 1:00 p.m.

29.413 Books 477 Serial publications 504 CEDE Documents 190 Units of Audio-Visual media

Phone: (57-1) 3394949, extensions 2465 and 2466 e-mail: sisbibli@uniandes.edu.co

Web page:

http://biblioteca.uniandes.edu.co Since February 3, the library of the

Department of Economics has a new physical facility. The collection of journals, periodicals and newspapers was integrated with the first floor library. To provide us-ers a faster and direct search, the book collection was placed on open racks, along with the last three years of journals. A ter-race where students may work under natu-ral light was built as a new reading room. On the second floor, another reading room was built along with two multiple purpose rooms equipped with audio-visual equip-ment. The new library can now seat a greater number of users: it expanded from 73 work places to 154. In addition, it has four computers adapted for consultation and a self service photocopying machine. New library of the Department

of Economics - CEDE

1

Research projects completed during May 2002 – February 2003

2

Current research projects

4

Recent publications

7

Books

7

Articles

7

Desarrollo y Sociedad, Journal of the Department of Economics

Articles in journal No.49 (March 2002) and Articles in journal No.50

(September 2002) (in press)

8

CEDE documents

January 2002 - February 2003

9

Master’s thesis

9

CEDE weekly seminar

10

Other events organized by the

Department of Economics and CEDE

11

Participation of CEDE researchers

in external seminars

11

IV Meeting of the Political

Economy group – LACEA, Cartagena

12

Recognition to John M. Hunter,

founder of CEDE

13

RESEARCH PROJECTS COMPLETED DURING

MAY 2002 – FEBRUARY 2003

Environmental Economics

Financing the fishing and aquiculture sectors. Funded

by the National Planning Department (DNP).

Norman Offstein and Yadira Caballero

T

his study analyzes the methods of financing projects related to the aquiculture and fishing sectors. Within the pro-ductive activity of companies in these sectors, financing is a component of utter importance. This study analyzes the two main financing sources, Bancoldex and Finagro. It concludes that the value of credits remained steady during the period 1995-1998, but the number of credits, compared to the pe-riod 1991-1994, decreased significantly. The study recom-mends, on the one hand, to launch campaigns to stimulate the product’s consumption, and on the other, strengthening the production chains of the species examined. The produc-tion costs in Colombia are higher than in other Latin Ameri-can countries, limiting its capacity to compete in the interna-tional markets. However, with a good quality, and by reduc-ing the costs and improvreduc-ing the technological aspects, there will be opportunities to reach those markets. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for a strategic commercial policy in this sector, and the adoption of incentives concerning tax reduc-tion, fuel price, and export.

Determining the willingness to pay of the inhabitants of the City of Pereira for the construction and operation of treatment plants for residual waters that currently flow

into the Otun and Consota rivers. Funded by K.&M.

Ameri-cas, Colombian Branch. 

Juan Carlos Mendieta, Eduardo Uribe and Haider Jaime

 

T

he study estimates the methodology of contingent valua-tion, the willingness to pay of the inhabitants of Pereira and Dos Quebradas for the treatment of residual waters in these cities. Three measurements of the willingness to pay were obtained: one for the group of households constituted by stratums 1 and 2, another for the group of households constituted by stratums 3 and 4, and a third one for the group of households constituted by stratums 5 and 6. The research was accomplished with the aim of designing a scheme of differential tariffs.

Manual of Economic valuation of the flows of envi-ronmental goods and services generated by the assets of

the EAAB. Funded through the Agreement between the

Empresa de Acueducto y Alcantarillado de Bogotá (EAAB) and Universidad de los Andes.

Juan Carlos Mendieta, Eduardo Uribe, Fernando Carriazo Harold Coronado,Haider Jaimes and Elkin Riveros

A

n accessible presentation to the theory of environmen-tal economic valuation makes the evaluation process easier for those who make decisions in the field of environmental

policy. The purpose of this is for professionals of different areas to include within their processes of designing and de-ciding policies the economic applications of environmental economic valuation, with the intention of improving the eco-nomic efficiency in the execution of public policies.

Designing a methodology to levy a fee for water use.

Funded through the agreement between the Empresa de Acueducto y Alcantarillado de Bogotá (EAAB) and Universidad de los Andes.

Eduardo Uribe and Harold Coronado

T

his research develops a methodology to estimate the value of the fee for water use, which recognizes the institu-tional, ecological, environmental, and social realities of the different regions, sectors, hydrographic river basins, etc. The study was carried out in the following stages: (1) an analytic revision of the national and international literature concern-ing economic instruments for an efficient allocation of water, (2) an analytical revision of the applicable normativity for the definition and regulation of the fee for water use; (3) the es-tablishment of the policy principles by which the fee system should operate; (4) identification, definition, and justification of the variables that should be included in the process of de-termining the value of the fee for water use; (5) recommen-dations on the valuation or calculation methodology(ies) that should be used in the objective and quantitative estimation of the fee for water use.

Institutional Economics

The economic model in the 1991 Constitution. Funded

by the Secretaría Ejecutiva del Convenio Andrés Bello.

Carlos Amaya, Alberto Carrasquilla, Nicolás Mejía and Juan Camilo Amaya

T

his document analyses the economic regime established in the 1991 Constitution, and outlines the main changes car-ried out with respect to the 1886 Constitution, analyzing the development of jurisprudence that has spurred from this re-gime, and evaluating its impact over some components of the national economy.

The eternal war and the fiscal power: A hypothesis.

Juan Carlos Echeverry

3

two different approaches: on the one hand, there are regulari-ties in each episode of the internal conflict that may be char-acterized by the sequence: Coalition – new Constitution – purge of other party members – party hegemony – IAC – coalition. On the other hand, it is argued that the key engine of this process has been the struggle between traditional po-litical parties, over the monopoly of establishing taxes and determining public expenditure, bureaucracy, contracts, and concessions. The distribution of fiscal power among the con-tending political parties constituted the main task of a bu-reaucrat located in the capital, Bogotá. The “Bogotá Prob-lem” consisted in forming coalitions, enacting Constitutions coherent with them, and then, consolidating a hegemonic power that monopolized fiscal power. The country’s complex topography made it possible for the parties to become stron-ger and to mobilize armies powerful enough to threaten the incumbent hegemony.

Labor Economics

Macroeconomic and fiscal scenarios for the social se-curity reform of the pension system in the Dominican

Republic. Funded by the Inter-American Development Bank.

Fabio Sánchez

T

his study evaluates the fiscal impact of the reform of the pension system, and the financial mechanisms of the pension system at a micro level, in order to detect problems of internal efficiency and to evaluate the implicit structure of the incentives.

Regional and Urban Economics

Methodology for updating and forecasting

socio-eco-nomic variables and scenarios for the departments. Funded

by UPME and carried out in conjunction with CIDER.

Fernando Jaramillo, Juanita González and Camilo García (CEDE) Abelardo Castañeda and Armando Sarmiento (CIDER)

I

n this study, tools to estimate the present and prospec-tive values of the key economic aggregates at a departmental level are developed. With this aim, a system of departmental accounting is built, in order to solve some of the method-ological problems found in the existing departmental accounts in Colombia. Based on this information, an analysis of the structure and the economic dynamics during the period 1985-1998 is performed. Furthermore, an index of the departmen-tal economic cycle is calculated, in order to provide the politi-cal economic authorities with an indicator of the economic activity for the development and execution of the public poli-cies. On the other hand, ARIMA models are constructed to predict the departmental GDP series until the year 2020. Fi-nally, with the information on energy consumption, GDP, and the national stock of capital and labor, a VAR system is esti-mated with the aim of analyzing the macroeconomic effect of energy consumption in Colombia.

Territory and migration in Colombia. Analysis of the Colombian territorial structure based on migratory flows.

Funded by Colciencias.

Samuel Jaramillo and Marcela Ibáñez

T

he present study hopes to contribute to the tradition of territorial analysis, concentrating particularly on the aspect of interaction. First, the methodological tools used are pre-sented; secondly, the subject of metropolitan areas is analyzed; thirdly, the results on the incidence areas of the main centers are presented; fourthly, the configuration of the macro-regions is analyzed, and the territorial structure of the Colombian physical space and of these macro regions is examined. Fi-nally, a synthetic recompilation is made, and the main results exposed. Though the phenomenon of metropolization has been known for a long time, its importance is relatively recent. In 1973, metropolization appears incipient in the Colombian cit-ies; its presence could only be detected in six of them and ten were the metropolized municipalities. In 1993, metropolization has advanced in an important manner: its presence is detected in 18 urban centers and the metropolized municipalities reached 45. With regard to the macro regional configuration, in 1973 the conformation of three major nucle-ated macro regions is detected, one in each of the three main centers of the country: one central macro-region agglutinated by Bogotá, a second macro region, Antioquia, nucleated by Medellin, and a third macro region called Occidental, nucle-ated by Cali. In 1993, the existing macro-regions increased their territories and their ratio of national population involved, with the exception of the regions of Antioquia and Montería which lose somewhat in relative population terms.

Macroeconomics and the Financial Sector

Efficiency, competence and interest rate spreads.

Funded by ANIF.

Roberto Steiner (CEDE) Carlos Castro (DNP)

Bank regulation and financial stress: 1998-2001.

Funded by ANIF.

Alberto Carrasquilla and Juan Pablo Zarate

T

his study suggests that the substantial change in the re-lationship between the dynamics of the Colombian economy and the dynamics of the regional economy as a whole, is closely related to two important issues: first, the international capital flows cycle and its close correlation between countries, and sec-ond, the fact that the financial sector mediates these external resources for the whole economy. The study is divided in two parts: (1) the principal internal changes in the banking sector, inherent to the external cycle, are illustrated, and (2), an analy-sis of the effect of the regulatory load to which the system was exposed during the phase of abrupt slowdown in capital flows is presented. The paper concludes that the Colombian economy raised its volatility to an important degree during the 90´s de-cade mostly due to the international financial cycle. Moreover, the financial sector’s balance reflects this international cycle, and parallel to this, the system undergoes a reorganization char-acterized by a reduction in the number of entities and a con-centration of the activity. By means of an index constructed in this study, it is demonstrated that the financial regulation ex-hibits a strong procyclical nature.

Applied Microeconomics

Institutions, dynamics of the labor market,

produc-tivity and growth. Funded by the Inter-American

Develop-ment Bank.

Marcela Meléndez (CEDE)

Kathy Seim (Stanford Graduate School of Business)

T

he objective of this study is to analyze the impact of tax and tariff policies on productivity in the manufacturing sec-tor, during the last two decades. For this purpose, the project begins by estimating productivity at an establishment level. The empirical technique used in the estimation of the produc-tion funcproduc-tions controls the possible slants of the non-observed productivity over the input decisions of the productive estab-lishments. The preliminary results indicate that productivity in the manufacturing sector has remained relatively stable during the period studied. There is evidence, however, of a substantial relocation of production toward the less produc-tive establishments: a trend is observed toward larger and less productive units. Additionally, the results indicate that the change in productivity has its origin predominantly in the technological change, more than in the exit of less efficient establishments. The analysis of the specific effects of income tax exemptions and the level of tariffs on productivity in the productive establishments, is now in process.

Price elasticity of beer demand in Colombia. Funded

by Bavaria.

Marcela Meléndez (CEDE) Mario Castillo and Julio Villarreal (Department of Engineering-Universidad de los Andes)

I

n this project, the demand price elasticity for beer is es-timated, using a data panel that allowed consumers’ prefer-ences for differprefer-ences in non-homogeneous products to be in-corporated in the estimation; the possible slants for endogenity were controlled using instrumental variables.

Industrial Organization

The dynamics of productivity: the case of the food

sector in Colombia. Funded by the Observatorio de Ciencia

y Tecnología.

Marcela Meléndez

T

his research analyzes the evolution of productivity in the food sector during the last two decades. The empirical techniques implemented in the estimation of the production function control the possible slants caused, on the one hand, by the entry and exit of establishments during the period un-der study, and on the other, by the effect that non-observed productivity has over the decision of using the inputs of each productive unit. The results indicate that the sector’s produc-tivity has remained relatively stable during the last two de-cades. There is evidence, however, of production relocation towards the less productive establishments. Any increase in the sector’s productivity is due principally to the effects of technological changes, more than to the exit of less produc-tive establishments. In addition, capital relocation towards more efficient establishments is also observed.

CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS

Demography

Teenage childbearing in Colombia: incidence, trends,

and determinants. Funded by Colciencias.

Carmen Elisa Flórez (CEDE) Elvia Vargas (Psychology Department, Universidad de los Andes) Juanita Henao Escobar (School of Psychology, Universidad Javeriana)

T

he general objective of this project is, through a life history focus (qualitative and quantitative), to advance in the knowledge of the problem of adolescent pregnancy in Co-lombia and its determinant factors. It will help to design among other programs on health, sexual and reproductive education, and family planning, whose common purpose is to prevent adolescent pregnancy.

Environmental Economy

Conservation of the high mountains´ ecosystems in the Central Mountain Range, departments of Caldas, Quindío, Valle del Cauca and Tolima: a contribution to

the strategic eco-regions. Funded by Corporación Autónoma

Regional del Quindío (CRQ).

Fernando Carriazo, Eduardo Uribe and Fernando Goyeneche

5

Evaluation and auditing of the disbursements for the projects funded with resources of the Fondo para la Acción Ambiental of the Americas Initiative in Colombia´s sys-tem of natural national parks and their absorption zones.

Funded by the Fondo Para la Acción Ambiental.

Eduardo Uribe and Haider Jaime

E

valuates and makes a follow up of twenty environmen-tal projects, funded by the Fondo para la Acción Ambienenvironmen-tal and performed by NGO’s and community organizations in the different regions of Colombia, for the environmental improve-ment, manageimprove-ment, and exploitation of natural resources.

Proposal for designing a strategy for long run financial sustainability of the environmental arrangement of Sierra

Nevada de Santa Marta. Funded by the European Commission

in Colombia through the Agencia Colombiana de Cooperación.

Raul Castro, Eduardo Uribe, Harold Coronado and Orlando Garcés

T

he proposal for the strategy for financial sustainability has advanced in the following activities: defining the goals and objectives of the five protected areas; identifying the en-vironmental goods and services; preparing information about the actors and the financial resources; identifying coordina-tion and income raising mechanisms; establishing a simula-tion model for financial scenarios; establishing of a financial plan for the zone being analyzed.

Economic valuation of the lineal park Juan Amarillo

Cordoba. Funded through the covenant between the Empresa

de Acueducto y Alcantarillado de Bogotá (EAAB) and Universidad de los Andes.

Juan Carlos Mendieta, Eduardo Uribe, Fernando Carriazo and Claudia Barrera

T

heobjective of this study is to evaluate if investing in the improvement of urban environmental assets generates positive returns to society. The project is based on a case study that seeks to estimate the willingness of Bogotá’s inhabitants to pay for the park, based on the method of contingent valuation, is executed.

Preferences study of the Cordoba swamp. Funded by the

covenant between the Empresa de Acueducto y Alcantarillado de Bogotá (EAAB) and Universidad de los Andes.

Juan Carlos Mendieta, Eduardo Uribe, Fernando Carriazo and Diana Hernández

T

he intention of this study is to estimate the preferences of the swamp’s neighbors with respect to the alternative of recuperating the Cordoba swamp. For this purpose, a discrete decision model is estimated. Its main result is the estimation of the probability of acceptance of the swamp’s recuperation project, based to the neighbors’ opinions.

Estimation of a hedonic price model to valuate the

envi-ronmental attributes of the Cordoba swamp. Funded through

the convenant between the Empresa de Acueducto y Alcantarillado de Bogotá (EAAB) and Universidad de los Andes.

Fernando Carriazo, Juan Carlos Mendieta, Eduardo Uribe, José Antonio Pinzón and Diana Hernández

T

he objective of this study is to quantify the effects of improvements in the urban natural environments over the

price of housing in Bogotá. In order to do so, a model of he-donic prices for housing, which considers environmental sur-rounding variables, is specified and estimated.

Economic valuation of the Chingaza natural reserve.

Funded through the covenant between the Empresa de Acueducto y Alcantarillado de Bogotá (EAAB) and Universidad de los Andes.

Eduardo Uribe, Juan Carlos Mendieta, Fernando Carriazo and Haider Jaime

T

his study seeks to estimate the total economic value which Bogotá’s inhabitants assign to the Chingaza natural reserve, based on the service of water supply for the capital city. Through the methodology of contingent valuation, the inhabitants’ willingness to pay is estimated.

Health Economics

Health, nutrition, human capital, and economic

growth: evidence for Colombia 1986-2000. Funded by the

Pan-American Health Organization.

Carmen Elisa Flórez and Rocío Ribero (CEDE) Belén Samper (CEIS-Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá)

T

he general objective of this research is to advance in the knowledge of the impact of health conditions on human capital accumulation and on long run economic growth, based on the documentation of the empirical evidence for Colombia of the relationship between health condition indicators, nutritional levels, educational level and labor productivity. Particularly, us-ing secondary information (DHS), the study aims at findus-ing, at an individual level, the empirical evidence in Colombia of: the level and trends in the inequities by socioeconomic level in nutri-tion/health (morbidity) between 1986-1995-2000; the relation-ship between nutrition and health (morbidity) in 1995 and 2000: the relationship between nutrition, education and labor produc-tivity in 1995; the intergenerational transmission of health / nu-trition in 1995 and 2000.

Labor Economics

Differences in labor supply in Colombia based on skin

color. Funded by the Observatorio de Ciencia y Tecnología.

Carlos Medina

T

his research aims to determine if discrimination in Colombia’s labor market is due to racial and skin color con-siderations. A unique survey that exists in Colombia on this problem is used.

Violence and Economics

The costs of domestic violence in Colombia. Funded

by Fonade.

Maria Victoria Llorente, Fabio Sánchez, Rocío Ribero and Leonardo García

intergenerational impacts over productivity), (3) social costs and their multiplier effects (which result from the impact of interfamilial violence on interpersonal relations and quality of life. Among these, the costs generated during the intergenerational transmission of violence in terms of the ef-fects of both domestic violence and violence outside the house-hold, are evaluated). To attain this objective, the survey De-mography and Health applied by Profamilia in 2000, and other surveys carried out on households and aggressors in Bogotá, Barranquilla and Barrancabermeja, are employed.

Armed conflict, violence and illicit crops. Funded by

the London School of Economics.

Fabio Sánchez, Martha Bottia and Maria Paula Carvajal

C

olombia has endured an internal conflict and high levels of violence which have intensified since the 90’s decade. The activities related to drugs fuel the internal conflict and the vio-lence in our country. The number of hectares devoted to coca growing increased from 20,000 to 163,000 during the 90’s and the number of municipalities growing illicit crops augmented from 35 to 202. Based on the economic theory of crime and conflict, and using municipal data and tools of spatial econo-metrics, models that explain the presence and expansion of il-licit crops, and the way in which the dynamics of the armed conflict and violence in Colombia coincide, were estimated.

Social Evaluation of Projects

Estimation of the cost/efficiency parameters for the

Bolivian economy. Funded by the Vice –Ministry of Public

Investment and External Financing in Bolivia.

Raúl Castro, Eduardo Uribe, Ramón Rosales and Leonardo García

T

he general objective of this research is to complement the technical methodological instruments of the National Sys-tem of Public Investment, in order for public entities to have the proper tools that contribute to rational decision making and efficient resource allocation. The specific objectives are: (1) to determine the cost/efficiency parameters to be imple-mented in the cost/efficiency analysis (ECA) of the health, transportation, environmental, basic utilities (sewerage, drink-ing water, solid residuals), energy (rural electrification) and agricultural and livestock (irrigation and production support) sectors, necessary for the socioeconomic evaluation of public projects; (2) to incorporate in parameterized charts the meth-odologies for preparing and evaluating projects and the value of the cost/efficiency parameters for each sector.

Estimation of the potential effect of Metrovivienda

on the welfare of Bogotá’s population. Funded by

Metrovivienda.

Ricardo Rocha, Leonardo García, María Angélica Bautista and Andrés Navarré

E

stimate the effects of Metrovivienda, based on the case study that represents El Recreo Citadel, on the welfare of the city of Bogotá, taking into consideration four groups of benefi-ciaries: the residents that would moved to illegal neighborhoods;

residents who would have transferred to formal neighborhoods of the same stratum; neighbors of the projects and the city as a whole; and all the architectural impact of El Recreo Citadel.

Macroeconomics and the Financial Sector

Debt composition and balance sheet effects of exchange

and interest rate volatility. Funded by the Inter-American

Development Bank.

Juan Carlos Echeverry, Roberto Steiner, Leopoldo Fergusson and Camila Aguilar, (with Maurice Kugler from the Southampton University)

T

his project aims at establishing the effects of exchange and interest rate volatility on investment at the firm level. In particular, it intends to establish the role of: (i) a reduction in the net value for firms indebted in foreign currency due to a real devaluation; (ii) a change in competitivity involved in a real depreciation for the firms that import some of their in-puts and export part of their products; (iii) an increase in the real interest rate faced by firms individually as a consequence of the balance sheet effect of a devaluation or of the collective effect that results from the Central Bank’s desire to defend the exchange rate by increasing interest rates.

Determinants of financial restrictions and the conse-quences over the investment flows at the firms’ level: the

case of Colombia 1986-1999. Funded by the Fundación para

la Promoción de la Investigación y la Tecnología.

Fabio Sánchez and Camila Aguilar

T

he study intends to estimate the degree of credit re-striction in the Colombian industry, using a sample of approxi-mately 2000 firms per year and taking the credit cycle ob-served in the country from 1985-2001. It aims at calculating the changes in the degree of credit restriction throughout the cycle, as well as asymmetries in the process of adjustment, controlled by idiosyncratic factors like the size of the firm, the indebtedness ratio, and the propensity to export.

Other Projects

Creative industries in Bogotá. Funded by the British

Council of Bogotá through the School of Architecture and the Department of Design of Universidad de los Andes.

Leonardo García and Felipe Buitrago

7

BOOKS

PROPUESTAS PARA UNA

CO-LOMBIA COMPETITIVA. Santiago

Montenegro and Roberto Steiner (com-pilers). Fabio Sánchez, Paula Acosta, Santiago Montenegro, Luis Carlos Niño, Roberto Steiner, Natalia Salazar, Eduardo Uribe, Guillermo Cruz, Harold Coronado, Rodrigo Suescún and Renata Pardo (authors). CAF - CEDE - Harvard, Alfaomega, Bogotá, 2002.

CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LA VIOLENCIA HOMICIDA EN

BOGOTA. With the participation of

Maria Victoria Llorente and Rodolfo Escobedo, research coordinators. Camilo Echandía and Mauricio Rubio, research-ers. Sandra Rendón, Lía Santis, Michel Formisano and Diana Ojeda, research as-sistants. Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá, Paz Publica, CEDE Uniandes, Impreso Ediciones Ltda, Bogotá, 2002.

LAS CLAVES DEL FUTURO. Economía y conflicto en Colombia.

Juan Carlos Echeverry. Editorial Oveja Negra, Bogotá, 2002.

PREPARAR EL FUTURO: CON-FLICTO Y POST-CONCON-FLICTO EN

COLOMBIA. With the participation of

Fabio Sánchez. Libros de Cambio, Fundación Ideas para la Paz, Universidad de los Andes and Alfaomega, 2002.

METODOLOGÍAS DE PREPA-RACIÓN Y EVALUACIÓN SOCIAL

DE PROYECTOS. With the

participa-tion of Eduardo Uribe, Raúl Castro, Ra-món Rosales and Leonardo García. Vice-Ministerio de Inversión Pública y Financiamiento Externo, Ministerio de Hacienda, La Paz Bolivia, 2002.

INDUSTRIAS CREATIVAS. With

the participation of Leonardo García and Felipe Buitrago. British Council, Cámara de Comercio de Bogotá, Instituto Distrital de Cultura y Turismo, Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá, 2002.

ARTICLES

WHY DON’T THEY LEND? CREDIT STAGNATION IN LATIN

AMERICA. Barajas, Adolfo and Steiner,

Roberto. IMF Annual Research Conference, vol. 49. International Monetary Fund, 2002.

CONSPICUOUS CONSUMPTION AND SOCIAL

SEGMENTATION. Jaramillo, Fernando and Moizeau, Fabien.

Journal of Public Economic Theory, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1-24(24), Blackwell Publishing Inc., Boston, USA and Oxford, UK, January 2003.

INEGALITES, MOBILITE SOCIALE ET CROISSANCE. (INEQUALITY, SOCIAL MOBILITY AND GROWTH. WITH ENGLISH SUMMARY).

Jaramillo, Fernando and Moizeau, Fabien. Annales d’Economie et de Statistique, no. 65, January-March 2002.

EFICIENCIA, COMPETENCIA Y MÁRGENES DE

INTERMEDIA-CIÓN. Steiner, Roberto and Castro,

Car-los. El sector financiero de cara al siglo XXI.

Tomo I, ANIF, Bogota, pp. 231-253, 2002.

REGULACIÓN BANCARIA Y TENSIÓN FINANCIERA 1998-2001.

Carrasquilla, Alberto and Zarate, Juan Pablo.

El sector financiero de cara al siglo XXI. Tomo I, ANIF, Bogota, pp. 215-227, 2002.

DEALING WITH CONTINGENT LIABILITIES IN COLOMBIA.

Echeverry, Juan Carlos; Navas, Verónica; Gutiérrez, Juan Camilo and Cardona, Jorge Enrique. Government at Risk. Contingent liabilities and fiscal Risk. Several authors. The World Bank, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 269-278, 2002.

COLOMBIA: STRUCTURAL CHANGE, LABOR MARKET AD-JUSTMENT AND INCOME

DISTRI-BUTION IN THE 1990’S. Ocampo,

José A.; Sánchez, Fabio and Tovar, Camilo. Economic Liberalization, Distribu-tion and Poverty. Latin America in the 1990s.

Several authors. United Nations Develop-ment Program (UNDP), United Nations Office for Project Service (UNOPS). pp. 215-258, 2002.

MANEJO DE RIES-GOS DEL ESTADO.

Echeverry, Juan Carlos. Ter-rorismo y Seguridad. Several Authors. Editorial Planeta Colombiana. SEMANA. pp 89-105, 2003.

CONTRACCIÓN DEL CREDITO

EN AMÉRICA LATINA. Barajas,

Adolfo and Steiner, Roberto, Coyuntura Economica, vol. 32 pp 33-70, January-July 2002

DECENTRALIZATION AND

BAIL-OUTS IN COLOMBIA. Echavarría, Juan

José; Rentería, Carolina and Steiner, Roberto.

Working Paper, R. 422, Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, julio de 2002.

LA CRISIS DE LA QUEJADERA.

Echeverry, Juan Carlos. Quiénes nos tienen jodidos. Several authors. Editorial Oveja Negra, Bogotá, 2002.

TENDENCIA, CICLOS Y DIS-TRIBUCIÓN DEL INGRESO EN COLOMBIA: UNA CRÍTICA AL CONCEPTO DE MODELO DE

DESARROLLO. Echeverry, Juan Carlos;

Escobar, Andrés and Santamaría, Mauricio. Modelos de desarrollo economico Colombia 1960-2002. Several authors. Editorial Oveja Negra, Bogotá, 2002.

VIOLENCIA HOMICIDA Y ES-TRUCTURAS CRIMINALES EN

BOGOTÁ. Llorente, María Victoria;

Escobedo, Rodolfo; Echandía, Camilo and Rubio, Mauricio. Seguridad ciudadana, ¿espejismo o realidad? Carrión, Fernando (ed.). FLACSO Ecuador, OPS/OMS, Quito, Ecuador, 2002.

VIOLENCIA HOMICIDA Y ES-TRUCTURAS CRIMINALES EN

BOGOTÁ. Llorente, María Victoria;

Escobedo, Rodolfo; Echandía, Camilo and Rubio, Mauricio. Revista Sociologías: Violencias: América Latina, no. 8, 2º semestre de 2002.

UNA APROXIMACIÓN DE LA POLÍTICA COMERCIAL ESTRATÉ-GICA PARA EL INGRESO DE

CO-LOMBIA AL ALCA. Rocha, Ricardo;

Perilla, Juan Ricardo and López, Ramiro.

Archivos de Economía, no. 214. Dirección de estudios economicos, Departamento Nacional de Planeación, December 2002.

EVOLUCIÓN DE LAS DIFE-RENCIAS SALARIALES POR SEXO EN SEIS PAÍSES DE AMÉRICA

LATINA. Tenjo, Jaime; Ribero, Rocío

and Bernat, Luisa Fernanda. Documentos de Economía no. 1. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, July 2002.

DESARROLLO Y SOCIEDAD,

JOURNAL OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS

Articles in journal Nº 49 (March 2002)

• Banking productivity and economic fluctuations: Colombia 1998-2000.

Andrés F. Arias

• Choques financieros, precios de activos y recesión en Colombia.

Alejandro Badel

• Household responses to adverse income shocks in Latin America.

Alejandro Gaviria

• Demanda por importaciones en Colombia: una estimación.

Igor Esteban Zuccardi

Articles in journal Nº 50 (September 2002) (in press)

• Demanda y oferta judicial: dificultades de ajuste.

Alfredo Fuentes and Carlos Amaya

• ¿La descentralización empereza? Efecto de las transferencias sobre los ingresos tributarios municipales en Colombia.

Ximena Cadena

• Metodología para el cálculo de requerimientos de eficiencia en integraciones económicas horizontales.

Luis Francisco Alarcón

• Incidencia de la volatilidad de los precios del petróleo en la determinación del ciclo económico colombiano.

Marco A. Llinás

Letters to the editorial committee

and manuscripts must be sent to:

Consejo Editorial Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad Universidad de los Andes-CEDE

Apartado Aéreo 4976 Bogotá, Colombia

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CEDE DOCUMENTS - JANUARY 2002-FEBRUARY 2003

TEENAGE CHILDBEARING IN LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES.

Carmen Elisa Flórez and Jairo Nuñez,

CEDE Document 2002-01, January 2002.

EFECTOS EN BIENESTAR DE LA

REPRESIÓN FINANCIERA. Andrés

Arias, Alberto Carrasquilla and Arturo Galindo,

CEDE Document2002-02, April 2002.

¿CUÁLES COLEGIOS OFRECEN MEJOR EDUCACIÓN EN

COLOM-BIA?. Jairo Nuñez, Roberto Steiner,

Ximena Cadena and Renata Pardo, CEDE Document 2002-03, April 2002.

THE FUNCTION OF THE URBAN INFORMAL SECTOR IN EMPLOY-MENT: EVIDENCE FROM

COLOM-BIA, 1984-2000. Carmen Elisa Flórez, CEDE

Document 2002-04, April 2002.

PROPUESTA METODOLÓGICA PARA EL CÁLCULO DE LA PARTICI-PACIÓN DE MERCADO LUEGO DE UNA INTEGRACIÓN ECONÓMICA

HORIZONTAL. Luis Francisco Alarcón,

CEDE Document 2002-05, April 2002.

EL EFECTO DEL REGULADOR Y DE LA COMUNIDAD SOBRE EL DESEMPEÑO AMBIENTAL DE LA INDUSTRIA EN BOGOTÁ, COLOM-BIA. Guillermo Cruz and Eduardo Uribe,

CEDE Document 2002-06, April 2002.

UN MODELO DE AUTO SELEC-CIÓN PARA LA MIGRASELEC-CIÓN DE TRABAJADORES HACIA LA RE-GIÓN CENTRAL CAFETERA DE

CO-LOMBIA. Fernando Carriazo, Darrel Lee

Hueth and Eduardo Uribe, CEDE Document 2002-07, August 2002.

¿LA DESCENTRALIZACIÓN EM-PEREZA? EFECTO DE LAS TRANS-FERENCIAS SOBRE LOS INGRESOS TRIBUTARIOS MUNICIPALES EN

COLOMBIA. Ximena Cadena, CEDE

Document 2002-08, August 2002.

AN EXTORTIONARY

GUER-RILLA MOVEMENT. Norman Offstein,

CEDE Document 2002-09, September 2002.

ECONOMETRÍA ESPACIAL: CA-RACTERÍSTICAS DE LA VIOLENCIA

HOMICIDA EN BOGOTÁ. Michel

Formisano, CEDE Document 2002-10, Sep-tember 2002.

LA DINÁMICA DE LA PRO-DUCTIVIDAD EN EL SECTOR DE

ALIMENTOS. Marcela Meléndez, Pablo

Medina and Diana Kassem, CEDE Docu-ment 2002-11, October 2002.

GASTO PÚBLICO Y CRECI-MIENTO ECONÓMICO:

EVIDEN-CIA PARA EL CASO ARGENTINO.

Lucas Aníbal Pusseto, CEDE Document 2002-12, October 2002.

INTEGRACIÓN REGIONAL Y ATRACCIÓN DE INVERSIÓN EXTRANJERA DIRECTA: EL CASO

DE AMÉRICA LATINA. Hernán

Vallejo and Camila Aguilar, CEDE Docu-ment 2002-13, October 2002.

ELEMENTOS PARA ORIENTAR UNA POLÍTICA ESTATAL SOBRE ALQUILER DE VIVIENDA URBANA

EN COLOMBIA. Samuel Jaramillo, CEDE

Document 2002-14, October 2002.

COLOMBIA COFFE SECTOR

STUDY. Daniele Giovannucci, José

Leibovich, Diego Pizano, Gonzalo Paredes, Santiago Montenegro, Hector Arévalo and Panos Varangis, CEDE Docu-ment 2002-15, October 2002.

EQUIDAD SOCIAL EN EL ACCESO Y PERMANENCIA EN LA U-NIVERSIDAD PÚBLICA. DETERMI-NANTES Y FACTORES ASOCIADOS.

Fabio Sánchez, Margarita Quirós, Carlos Reverón and Alberto Rodríguez, CEDE Docu-ment 2002-16, October 2002.

CONFLICTO Y FINANZAS PÚBLICAS MUNICIPALES EN

CO-LOMBIA. Mauricio Rubio, CEDE

Docu-ment 2002-17, November 2002.

MONETARY POLICY RULES IN

COLOMBIA. Raquel Bernal, CEDE

Document 2002-18, November 2002.

DETERMINANTES DE LA PO-BREZA EN COLOMBIA. AÑOS

RECIENTES. Jairo Núñez and Juan

Carlos Ramírez, CEDE Document 2002-19, November 2002.

TERRITORIO Y MIGRACIÓN EN COLOMBIA. ANÁLISIS DE LA ESTRUCTURA TERRITORIAL DE COLOMBIA A PARTIR DE LOS

FLUJOS MIGRATORIOS. Samuel

Jaramillo and Marcela Ibañez, CEDE Document 2002-20, December 2002.

UNA APROXIMACIÓN DE LA POLÍTICA COMERCIAL ESTRATÉ-GICA PARA EL INGRESO DE

CO-LOMBIA AL ALCA. Ricardo Rocha,

Juan Ricardo Perilla and Ramiro López,

CEDE Document 2003-01, January 2003.

TRIBUTACIÓN, CRECIMIENTO Y BIENESTAR: EL CASO COLOMBIANO

(1970-1999). Leopoldo Fergusson, CEDE

Document 2003-02, February 2003.

LA PRESENCIA Y EXPANSIÓN MUNICIPAL DE LAS FARC: ES AVARICIA Y CONTAGIO, MÁS

QUE AUSENCIA ESTATAL. Martha

Bottía, CEDE Document 2003-03, Febru-ary de 2003.

Documents prepared since 2000 are available on our web page:

http://economia.uniandes.edu.co/esp/ html/contenido.php3?destino=publinv

They may also be acquired in printed version (their cost varies from $10,000 to $20,000 pesos, depending on the docu-ment) in the Department of Economics, F building, phone number: 3394949, ex-tension 2434.

PUBLIC EXPENDITURE AND REGIONAL CONVERGENCE IN

COLOMBIA 1985-1996. Ardila, Laura.

Advisor: Juan Mauricio Ramírez.

DOES ACCESSIBILITY AFFECT REAL ESTATE RENT? CASE STUDY OF THE MASSIVE TRANSPORTA-TION SYSTEM, TRANSMILENIO,

IN BOGOTÁ. Barrios, Vivian Paola.

Advisor: Darío Hidalgo.

MUNICIPAL PRESENCE AND EXPANSION OF THE FARC: IT IS AVARICE AND CONTAGION,

MORE THAN STATE ABSENCE.

Bottia, Martha. Advisor. Fabio Sánchez.

DOES DECENTRALIZATION PRODUCES LAZINESS? EFFECTS OF TRANSFERENCES OVER THE

MUNICIPAL TAX INCOMES.

Cadena, Ximena. Advisor. Fabio Sánchez.

MANAGERIAL INVESTMENT IN COLOMBIA AT THE END OF

THE 90’S. Calderon, Valentina. Advisor:

Gabriel Piraquive.

IS IT NECESSARY TO SACRI-FICE EQUITY TO ATTAIN DEVEL-OPMENT? THE CASE OF INEQUI-TIES IN CHILDREN’S MORTALITY

IN COLOMBIA. Díaz, Beatriz Yadira.

Advisor: Carmen Elisa Flórez.

DEPARTMENTAL MIGRATIONS

AND LABOR MARKET:1972-1973,

1988-1993. Espinosa, Aaron. Advisor:

Jairo Nuñez.

TAXATION, GROWTH AND WELFARE. THE CASE OF

COLOM-BIA (1970-1999). Fergusson, Leopoldo.

Advisor: Mauricio Avella.

METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL FOR THE ESTIMATION OF THE PRODUCTION COSTS OF NATURAL

GAS IN COLOMBIA. Forero, Johana

Carolina. Advisor: Fernando Beltrán.

CHARACTERISTICS OF HOMI-CIDE VIOLENCE IN BOGOTÁ: A SPATIAL ECONOMETRICS ANALY-SIS. Formisano, Michel. Advisor: Jairo Núñez.

INCIDENCE OF PETROLEUM PRICE VOLATILITY IN THE DETER-MINATION OF THE COLOMBIAN

ECONOMIC CYCLE. Llinás, Marco

An-tonio. Advisor: Rodrigo Suescún.

THE RIDDLE OF THE

POLITI-CAL REFORM IN COLOMBIA.

Maldonado, Hernán. Advisor: Andrés Dávila Ladrón de Guevara.

SPATIAL STUDY OF VIOLENCE

IN COLOMBIA. Martínez, Hermes

Fernando. Advisor: Carlos Medina.

THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF A PARTIAL EVENTUAL FREE TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN U.S.A

AND COLOMBIA. Martín, Clara

Patricia. Advisor: Juan Mauricio Ramírez.

TOBIN’S Q AND ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION IN THE CAPITAL

MARKET: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS.

Name, Alvaro. Advisor: Gabriel Duque. TERRITORIAL DEBT EVALUA-TION OF THE PERFORMANCE

AGREEMENTS. Ome, Alejandro.

Advi-sor: Mauricio Cárdenas.

THE INCREMENT IN THE RE-CLUSE POPULATION AND THE REDUCTION OF CRIMINALITY

IN COLOMBIA. Palacios, Jaime

Fran-cisco. Advisor: Gabriel Piraquive.

CORRUPTION IN COLOMBIA

AND ITS EFFECT OVER FIRMS. Palacios,

Paola Andrea. Advisor: Alejandro Gaviria.

INTERNAL ARMED CONFLICT AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION TO THE DEFENSE SECTOR: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMY’S

OPTIMAL RESPONSE. Pérez, José

Ricardo. Advisor: Carlos Medina.

PUBLIC EXPENDITURE AND ECO-NOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCE FOR

THE CASE OF ARGENTINA. Pusseto,

Lucas Aníbal. Advisor: Alberto Carrasquilla

ECONOMIC GROWTH AND RE-STRICTIONS IN THE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS: EMPIRICAL

AP-PROACH FOR COLOMBIA. Quevedo,

Andrés Ricardo. Advisor: Mario García.

PENAL JUSTICE: A PROBABILIS-TIC MODEL OF THE CAPACITY OF THE AUTHORITIES TO CLARIFY

HOMICIDES. Quintero, Diana. Advisor:

Alfredo Fuentes

SEMI OFFICIAL DOLLARIZATION OF THE ECONOMY: AN EMPIRICAL

ANALYSIS. Torres, Ricardo Alcides.

Advi-sor: Miguel Angel Enciso.

METHODOLOGY FOR UPDAT-ING AND PROJECTUPDAT-ING SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES AND

SCENARIOS. Fernando Jaramillo,

CEDE. October 1, 2002.

DECENTRALIZED PROVISION OF QUASI-PRIVATE GOODS: THE

CASE OF COLOMBIA. Ana María Iregui,

Banco de la República. October 22, 2002.

LABOR PARTICIPATION IN

COLOMBIA. Carlos Esteban Posada and

Luis Eduardo Arango, Banco de la República. October 29, 2002.

AN APPROACH OF THE

STRATE-GIC COMMERCIAL POLICY TO FTAA.

Ricardo Rocha, CEDE. October 31, 2002.

SOME PREOCCUPYING CONSE-QUENCES OF THE NON-LINEAR RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SIZE OF PREFERENCE AGREE-MENTS OF COMMERCE AND WEL-FARE. Hernán Vallejo, CEDE. November 19, 2002.

EXPORTS AND COMPETITIVITY

IN COLOMBIA. Juan José Echavarria,

Fedesarrollo. November 26, 2002.

TESTABLE RESTRICTIONS OF GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM THEORY IN EXCHANGE ECONOMIES WITH

EXTERNALITIES. Andrés Carvajal,

Banco de la República. December 4 2002.

POVERTY, CRIME AND

RE-GIONAL GROWTH. Ricardo Rocha,

CEDE. February 11, 2003.

CONFLICT, VIOLENCE, AND CRIMINAL ACTIVITY IN

COLOM-BIA: A SPATIAL ANALYSIS. Fabio

Sánchez, Ana María Díaz and Michel Formisano, CEDE. February 18, 2003.

TAXATION, GROWTH, AND WELFARE: THE CASE OF COLOM-BIA. Leopoldo Fergusson, CEDE. Feb-ruary 25, 2003.

SALARY STRUCTURE OF PUBLIC

TEACHERS IN COLOMBIA. Umaña,

Claudia Marcela. Advisor: Alejandro Gaviria.

ANALYSIS I (2) OF THE FOR-EIGN INDEBTMENT: INTER-TEM-PORAL SOLVENCY AND APPLICA-TIONS TO THE COLOMBIAN CASE.

Vargas, Juan Carlos. Advisor: Hugo Oliveros.

GROWTH AND ECONOMIC CYCLES. EFFECTS OF THE SUPPLY AND DEMAND SHOCKS ON

CO-LOMBIAN GROWTH. Zuccardi, Igor

Esteban. Advisor: Andrés Escobar Arango.

CEDE WEEKLY SEMINAR

FINANCIAL SHOCKS, ASSET PRICES AND RECESSION, IN

CO-LOMBIA. Alejandro Badel (PEG Thesis).

May 28, 2002.

MANDATES, POWERS, AND POLICIES: MARKET – ORIENTED

REFORM IN LATIN AMÉRICA.

Brian Crisp, from Arizona University, in visit to the Department of Political Science at Universidad de los Andes. June 4, 2002.

PRIVATIZATION IN COLOM-BIA: A PLANT PERFOMANCE

ANALYSIS. Carlos Pombo, Universidad

del Rosario. June 11, 2002.

TOWARD A HOUSING RENTAL

POLICY IN COLOMBIA. Samuel

Jaramillo, CEDE. June 18, 2002.

THE NATIONAL CIRCUM-SCRIPTION: A GLANCE 10 YEARS

AFTER. Elizabeth Ungar and Brian Crisp,

Political Science, Uniandes. June 25, 2002.

GAUGING MONETARY POLICY UNDER ALTERNATIVE EXCHANGE RATE REGIMES: RECENT ESTIMATES FROM MEXICO, BRAZIL, AND TUR-KEY. Evan Tanner, IMF. July 30, 2002.

BASIS FOR THE DEVELOP-MENT OF A PUBLISHABLE AR-TICLE TO BE USED AS A THESIS IN

ECONOMICS. Hernán Vallejo, CEDE.

August 27, 2002.

THE EFFECT OF THE REGULA-TOR AND THE COMMUNITY OVER THE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFOR-MANCE OF INDUSTRY IN

BOGOTÁ-COLOMBIA. Guillermo Cruz and Eduardo

Uribe, CEDE. September 10, 2002.

TERRITORIES, MIGRATIONS AND SPATIAL INTERACTION IN

COLOMBIA, 1973-1993. Samuel Jaramillo,

CEDE. September 17, 2002.

CONFLICT AND ILLICIT

CROPS, AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS.

11

Seminars

TAX RATES AND TAX EVASION: EVIDENCE

FROM “MISSING IMPORTS” IN CHINA . Raymond

Fisman, Ph. D. in Business Economics from Harvard Uni-versity, associate researcher of the National Bureau of Eco-nomic Research (NBER), in the area of Corporative Fi-nancing and associate professor of the Graduate School of Business, Columbia University, New York. Salón Hermes, Universidad de los Andes, November 28, 2002.

MATURITY MISMATCH AND FINANCIAL CRI-SIS EVIDENCE FROM LATIN AMERICAN

COR-PORATIONS. Hoyt Bleakley, Postdoctoral Fellow,

Univer-sity of Chicago. Universidad de los Andes, November 8, 2002.

CENTRALITY AND POWER IN SOCIAL

NET-WORKS. A GAME THEORETIC APPROACH.

Guillermo Owen, University of California. Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, October 31, 2002.

THE PREVAILING THOUGHT OF PROFESSOR LAUCHLIN CURRIE, 100 YEARS OF HIS BIRTH.

Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, October 11, 2002.

Courses

DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT OF

TRANS-PORT CONCESSIONS CONTRACTS. Addressed to

executives, carried out within the framework of the IADB project: “Latin American universities network in regula-tion and infrastructure”. Department of Economics, Universidad de los Andes, November 6-15, 2002.

ECONOMIC VALUATION TECHNIQUES OF

NON MARKET GOODS. Executed for the Empresa de

Acueducto y Alcantarillado de Bogotá. Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, from August 3 to September 14, 2002.

Forums

FOREIGN BANKS: STRENGTHEN THE

FI-NANCIAL SYSTEMS IN LATIN AMERICA?.

Inter-national Video Conference carried out during the meeting of the Members of the Latin American Committee of Fi-nancial Affairs in Lima, with the support of Universidad del Pacífico and with the participation of personalities of the academic realm, banking, and government sectors from Perú, Argentina, Colombia, Venezuela and the United States. Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, November 14, 2002.

THE SYSTEMS OF SOCIAL PROTECTION: FROM A SCHEME OF EMERGENCY PROVISION

TO ONE OF PERMANENT PROVISION. CEDE and

the Konrad Adenauer Foundation. Universidad de los Andes, November 12, 2002.

Workshop

CONCERTATION OF REGULATION

PROPOS-ALS OF THE FEES ON WATER. Ministry of the

Envi-ronment. Economic and Financial Analysis Department. IADB-CAF Program, Uniandes. Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, May 28 to May 30, 2002.

OTHER EVENTS ORGANIZED BY THE DEPARTMENT

OF ECONOMICS AND CEDE

PARTICIPATION OF CEDE RESEARCHERS

IN EXTERNAL SEMINARS

Carrasquilla, Alberto. “The financial crisis of the 90’s”. Seminar on the eco-nomic situation of the financial sector. ANIF, Fedesarrollo. Bogotá, May 29, 2002.

Castro, Raúl; García, Leonardo; Rosales, Ramón and Uribe, Eduardo. Semi-nar on the project “Estimation of the cost /efficiency parameters for the Bolivian economy”. Vice-Ministry of Public Invest-ment and External Financing”. La Paz, Bo-livia, November 2002-February 2003.

Coronado, Harold. “Legal Aspects of policy and water valuation. The water re-source as an environmental service in Co-lombia. Presentation of a valuation case”. Meeting of specialists in economic valua-tion of environmental goods and services of the Amazonian forests and agro-forest systems. Lima, Peru, September 2-5, 2002.

Echeverry, Juan Carlos. Jury at Portafolio prizes, November 8, 2002.

Echeverry, Juan Carlos. “The economic focus of Uribe’s government”. XII Inter-national Insurance Convention. Cartagena, October 18, 2002.

Echeverry, Juan Carlos. “Economic be-havior in 2002, and its projections for 2003”. Companies’ Presidents Program. School of Administration, Universidad de los Andes, November 6, 2002.

Echeverry, Juan Carlos. Seminar about the project “Debt composition and bal-ance sheet effects of exchange and interest rate volatility”. IADB, Madrid, October 7 and 8, 2002.

Echeverry, Juan Carlos. Meeting of the Centers Network of Europe and Latin

America, Inter American Development Bank, Madrid, October 9, 2002.

Echeverry, Juan Carlos. “The eternal war and the fiscal power: a hypothesis”. IV Meet-ing of the Economic Policy Group, LACEA, Cartagena, September 26 and 27, 2002.

Fergusson, Leopoldo. Seminar of the project “Debt composition and balance sheet effects of exchange and interest rate volatil-ity”. BID, Madrid, October 7 and 8, 2002.

Fergusson, Leopoldo. Meeting of the Network of Europe and Latin America Centers, Inter American Development Bank, Madrid, October 9, 2002.

Flórez, Carmen Elisa. “Inequalities in health status and use of health services in Colombia: 1990-2000”. Presented in “ In-terregional seminar on reproductive health, unmet needs, and poverty: Issues of access and quality of service”. Pathumwan Princess Hotel, Bangkok, November 25-30, 2002,.

Flórez, Carmen Elisa. “Senior policy seminar: Health, human capital, and eco-nomic growth”. Pan American Health Organization and Inter American Devel-opment Bank, Washington, D.C., October 3 and 4, 2002.

Flórez, Carmen Elisa. “Workshop on empirical research on health, human capi-tal and economic growth”. Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., August 15 and 16, 2002.

Llorente, María Victoria. “Police re-form and answers in face of citizens inse-curity”. Forum “ Citizens security policies and police reform in democracy”, Defen-sor del Pueblo, La Paz, Bolivia, May 2002.

Llorente, María Victoria. Round table “Mobilization of the civil society for obtain-ing resources for security and defense”. Semi-nar “Civil and military relationships in times of armed conflict”. United States Embassy in Colombia, Fundación Ideas para la Paz, Caracol, RCN, El Tiempo, Semana. Cartagena, September 20-22, 2002.

Llorente, María Victoria. “Realities and perceptions of insecurity in Bogotá“. Workshop “The perception of insecurity“. Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá. Secretaría de Gobierno, Bogotá, September 25, 2002.

Medina, Carlos and Hobijn, Bart. “Is discrimination due to a coordination fail-ure?”. Econometrics of Wages, Brussels, May 28-29, 2002.

Meléndez, Marcela. Final project “In-stitutions, dynamics of the labor market, productivity and growth”. Presented in the Seminar of the Centers Network of the Inter American Development Bank, Madrid, Spain, October 9, 2002.

Mendieta, Juan Carlos. Experts com-mission of the Inter American Develop-ment Bank on Economic valuation of the waterworks and sewerage broadening plan. Cochabamba, Bolivia, April, 2002.

Mendieta, Juan Carlos. Invited by the Polar Foundation to teach the course “Eco-nomic Valuation of natural resources and environmental services”. International Center of Studies on the Environmental Impact and Lands. Mérida, Venezuela, July 25-August 3, 2002.

Núñez, Jairo and Maloney, William F. “Minimum wages in Latin America”. Econo-metrics of Wages, Brussels, May 28-29, 2002. Sánchez, Fabio. Seminar “Inequality and poverty network”. Madrid, Spain, October 2002.

Sánchez, Fabio. Seminar “Illicit crops and conflict”. Fedesarrollo, October, 2002. Sánchez, Fabio. Seminar “Economics and politics of civil wars”. Yale University, May 2002. Sánchez, Fabio. Seminar “Conflict, vio-lence and criminal activity in Colombia”. National Planning Department (DNP), May 2002.

Sánchez, Fabio. “Incomes and taxation mission in Colombia” Boston, USA, 2002.

Steiner, Roberto. Conference “Chal-lenges of the new government in political, social, economical and taxation issues”. German-Colombian Chamber of Industry and Commerce. Hotel La Fontana, May 22, 2002.

Steiner, Roberto. Seminar “Differences in school achievement between public and private schools in Colombia “ International Monetary Fund. Washington, July 16, 2002.

Steiner, Roberto. “Competence, efficiency and spreads in the financial sector”. Seminar “The economic situation and the financial sec-tor”. ANIF, Fedesarrollo, Red Hall, Hotel Tequendama, Bogotá, May 29, 2002.

Steiner, Roberto. Economic panel. Journal of the Latin American and Carib-bean Economic Association (LACEA), Cambridge, April 25, 2002.

Steiner, Roberto. Comments on the presentation “Sources of Volatility” of Adeel Malik, in the seminar “Experiences in stability policies and natural resources”. Corporación Andina de Fomento, Caracas, Venezuela, April 22, 2002.

Steiner, Roberto. Participated in the jury of the National prize of economic Journal-ism, sponsored by ANIF in the year 2002.

Vallejo, Hernán. Final project “Eco-nomic integration and foreign direct in-vestment attraction: the case of Latin America”. LACEA, Madrid, Spain, Octo-ber 13 2002.

IV MEETING OF THE POLITICAL ECONOMY GROUP – LACEA, CARTAGENA

In Cartagena, on September 26-27, 2002, the IV meeting of the Economic Policy group of the Latin American and Car-ibbean Economic Association (LACEA) took place. The seminar’s opening was in hands of Doctor Adolfo Meissel, (General Manager of the Central Bank in Cartagena). During the first session, the moderator was Mauricio Cardenas (Titularizadora Colombia); Carlos Scartascini (IADB) pre-sented the paper “Political Institutions and regulation: An in-quiry of the impact of electoral systems on the regulation of entry”; Tito Cordella (IMF) presented the paper “Budget support versus project aid: A theoretical appraisal”; Juan Carlos Echeverry (Universidad de los Andes), presented the paper “The eternal war and the fiscal power, a hypothesis”. For the second session, Eduardo Morón (Universidad del Pacífico, Lima) was the moderator; Ugo Panizza (IADB) presented the paper “Structural reforms in Latin America under scrutiny”; Mariano Tommasi (Universidad de San Andrés & Center of Studies for Institutional Development) presented the paper,

13

RECOGNITION TO JOHN M. HUNTER, FOUNDER OF CEDE

On September 9th_{, 2000, Universidad de los Andes granted the Gold Medal to professor John M. Hunter, former}

Director and founder of CEDE. With this medal, the University distinguishes national or foreign people or institu-tions that have contributed significantly to collective welfare, both in the academic and extra-academic fields or that have contributed particularly to the development of Universidad de los Andes.

NEWS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS

On January 28th, the University of Paris I granted the Ph.D. in Economic Sciences to Fernando Jaramillo. He pre-sented the thesis “Interrelations between economic growth and income distribution”.

Claudia Vallejo was appointed Teaching Director of the Department of Economics on January 13th, 2003, as the replacement of Ana Cristina Lesmes.

Raquel Bernal (Ph.D. New York University, 2003), who graduated in 1996 from our Department, has been hired as professor of Northwestern University in Chicago. She received offers from the Universities of Minnesota and Texas (Austin).

The Department of Economics of Universidad de los Andes, together with the Departments of Economics of Universidad Nacional, Javeriana, Externado, El Rosario, del Valle, de Antioquia, as well as the Centro de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo, (CID) and the Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Económicas, are currently working on the first is-sue of the Colombian Economic Journal. The main objetive of this publication is to proliferate in the international academic arena, the work of Colombians, both economists and of other social sciences, and thus contribute to the creation of a solid academic community, with more relations with economists from Latin America and other parts of the world. For addi-tional information consult the web page www.cej.unal.edu.co or e-mail cej@bacata.usc.unal.edu.co.

As part of the effort in diffusing the scientific publica-tions and strengthening the contents of the network of na-tional universities, the Desarrollo y Sociedad journal has re-ceived financial support from the ICFES to continue its publication and increase its distribution. This journal was founded in 1979, and since then has been published each semester without interruption. Among the economic jour-nals, the following also received economic support: Lecturas de Economia from Universidad de Antioquia, Cuadernos de Economía from Universidad Nacional, Economia Institucional from Externado de Colombia, and Revista de Economia from Universidad del Rosario.

Starting the second semester of 2003, Universidad de los Andes will offer a Master in Regulation. It is a pro-gram addressed to persons looking for a technical forma-tion in the field of economic regulaforma-tion and interested in obtaining proper analytical tools to approach this sector. This is a joint program of the Departments of Administra-tion, Social Sciences, Law, Economics and Engineering (Electric and Industrial), which aims to form professionals that can approach in an interdisciplinary way to regula-tion. Web page: http:// compreg.uniandes.edu.co, e-mail compreg@uniandes.edu.co.

The University’s web page on competence and regulation was officially launched. This page is one of the projects which has been developed in the University under the framework of the IADB project: “Network of Latin American Universities in Regulation and Infrastructure”. Doctor Marcela Meléndez is undertaking the coordination of the page.

Starting December 2002, Marcela Meléndez, who works in the areas of applied microeconomics, industrial organization and regulation, and Ana María Ibañez, who works in the areas of environmental economy and violence, rejoined as researchers-professors.

Kathia Vinha joined on September 9, 2002, as a profes-sor of the Master in Environmental Economics and Natu-ral Resources. Kathia is a Ph.D. candidate in Agriculture and Resource Economics from the University of Maryland.

Andrés Escobar joined the Department of Economics as a researcher-professor on September 1, 2002. He is a Ph.D. candidate in Economics from the New York Univer-sity. His areas of interest are macroeconomics, monetary and fiscal policy, and institutions, among others.

Alberto Carrasquilla was designated Vice-Minister of Hacienda. Doctor Carrasquilla was Dean of the Depart-ment of Economics until July, 2002. Doctor Juan Carlos Echeverry, Ph.D. in Economics from the New York Uni-versity, was designated in his place.

Roberto Steiner was designated Executive Alternative Director of the IMF. The former Director, Doctor Roberto Junguito, was designated as the Finance Minister. Doctor Steiner was the CEDE’s Director from June 1999 to Au-gust 2002. Doctor Fabio Sanchez Torres, Ph.D. in Eco-nomics from Rutgers University, New Brunswick, N.J, was appointed as the new CEDE Director.

Jairo Núñez was designated Director of the Social De-velopment Unit of the National Planning Department. Jairo was researcher-professor of the Department of Economics until July 2002.

Carlos Medina was appointed Sub-Director of the Na-tional Department of Statistics (DANE). Carlos was re-searcher-professor of the Department of Economics.

JUAN LUIS LONDOÑO DE LA CUESTA (RIP)

For the Department of Economics of Universidad de los Andes, for his colleagues and his students, the loss of Juan Luis is immeasurable. Juan Luis was warm, amiable, impertinent, generous, an extraordinary human being. He recognized and cherished, like nobody else, the work of his colleagues, his students, and those who worked with him, regardless of their rank or position. He knew who calcu-lated what, who had this or that information, who did this or that study. We got to know his academic abilities broadly confirmed in his various titles and publications; his devot-edness as professor and expert in the flow of ideas that were his classes, conferences and seminars; we got to know his liking for deep but cordial discussions in the numerous con-ferences and workshops to which he attended; we knew his love for statistics,trends, and curious facts. The contri-bution of Juan Luis to the knowledge of the economic and

social reality of Colombia was immense. His studies on employment during the Chenery Mission, his researches on income distribution in the XXth century, and on the epi-demiology of violence in Latin America, were profound and controversial, and opened the path for the future gen-erations of economists and social scientists.

However, for the University and the Department of Eco-nomics, the legacy of Juan Luis was not merely academic. He taught us the social compromise goes beyond rhetoric in favor of the poor and helpless. Compromise means creating instruments, designing policies, putting strategies in prac-tice, in short, concrete and precise actions in favor of the poor and vulnerable. While he accomplished his compro-mise with the unemployed, Juan Luis left us forever.

ULPIANO AYALA ORAMAS (RIP)

It will not be easy to get used to the unexpected absence of Ulpiano Ayala. Those of us who enjoyed the great privi-lege of his friendship will miss several elements of his rich and valuable personality. One of his most conspicuous at-tributes, was, of course, his intelligence: if something was evident for those of us who interacted with him as colleagues, students, readers, and receivers of his intellectual produc-tion, even as his occasional polemicists, was the sharpness of his thought which generated an unanimous admiration to-ward him. In a broader sense of human life, an outstanding feature of Ulpiano, which contributed to the generalized re-spect toward him, was his generosity without reserves, the principle of solidarity toward his equals, which constituted the axis of his actions and a great teaching for many of us.

For Ulpiano it was always clear, and this is something that many of us tried to learn from him, that the economic science is a tool, and a powerful one, to improve the life of the vulnerable, the poor, and of those with fewer opportunities.

Ulpiano Ayala’s mind gathered outstanding capacities which rarely flourish simultaneously. He had a special per-spicacity to observe the social and economic phenomena, and a great disposition to interpret these aspects at a theo-retical level, in which he was a real innovator and possessor of a dazzling methodological imagination. In his different studies the convergence of these three attributes merged into astounding results.

Undoubtedly, we will miss him greatly because Ulpiano was in a fructiferous stage of his intellectual career, and we still expected many contributions from him. Moreover, we must say that he left behind a magnificent legacy. More than a tribute, the legacy that we claim in name of a great number of colleagues, academic institutions, friends, and followers, is to continue the perspectives unraveled by him and follow those paths indicated: his human and intellec-tual trajectory will continue being an exemplary and prom-ising reference for many of us.

FERNANDO GAITÁN DAZA (RIP)

“Goodbye- said the fox- And now here is my secret, a very simple secret: It is only with the heart that one can see rightly; what is essential is invisible to the eye”. The Little Prince, Antoine de Saint Exúpery.

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INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS

During June and July 2002, the Department of Economics offered four courses in its International Summer School program: (1) “The theory of contracts and its applications” (Gustavo Suarez, Harvard University); (2) “Theory and Policy of Environmental Management” (Katja Vinha, University of Maryland and Jorge Higinio Maldonado, Ohio State University); (3) “Monetary Economy and International Finances”, (Andrés Arias, Univer-sity of California, Los Angeles); (4) “The political economy of development” (James A. Robinson and Sebastián Mazzuca, University of California, Berkeley).

NEW COURSES: POVERTY AND WEALTH

Starting the first semester of 2003, the Department of Economics offers the course Poverty and Wealth, taught by its Dean, Doctor Juan Carlos Echeverry. This course, which is part of the Uniandes Basic Cycle (CBU), seeks to provide a historical understanding of the economic process of nations, and of Colombia in this context. The course intends to attain a balance between the deepness with which each topic is treated and the need of an integral vision of a very long economic history. In order to do so, the existing debate on the determinants of the poverty and wealth of nations is exposed. The course allows students of all careers to comprehend the discussion currently taking place in the academic realms of economics, and at the same time, it seeks for support in recent publications which, by making use of the contributions of multiple disciplines, provide new elements for understanding the causes of the divergence in the material prosperity of countries.

For more information, consult the web page: http//pobrezayriqueza.uniandes.edu.co .

UPDATING INFORMATION OF GRADUATES

The Department of Economics is updating its graduates data base in order to send information concerning activities of the Department and CEDE, and invitations to special events. Please fill in the following format and send it by Fax to: 571-3324492, or to María Teresa Durán: mduran@uniandes.edu.co

Name Address

Phone E-mail

Institution Title

Sector: Graduate from:

Business q Undergraduate q

Financial q PEG q

Commerce q PEMAR q

Government q Specializations q

NGO q

Other q

For the Department it will be useful if you can provide us information of other graduates:

Name E-mail

Name E-mail