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4 FERNÁNDEZ, Andrés; PAREJO, José y Rodríguez, Luis:
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6 Par un mayor análisis al respecto ver: SEGOVIA, Alexander:
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70-74 4.9 2.1
75-79 4.1 1.8
80-85 - 2.8 - 3.5
85-90 2.1 0.7
90-95* 5.5 3.4
95-02* 3.2 1.1
1990 4.8 3.1
1991 2.8 0.9
1992 7.3 5.1
1993 6.4 4.2
1994 6.0 3.7
1995 6.2 4.0
1996 1.8 - 0.3
1997 4.2 2.1
1998 3.8 1.6
1999 3.4 1.3
2000 2.2 0.2
2001 1/ 1.7 - 0.2
2002 1/ 2.1 0.2
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Tipos de impuetos Miles de US$ Part. % impuestoTipo de
IMPUESTO SOBRE LA RENTA 480,217.0 29.6
De Personas Naturales Asalariadas 145,429.7 9.0 De Personas Naturales no Asalariadas 134,547.2 8.3 De Personas Jurídicas 200,240.1 12.4
IMPUESTO SOBRE TRANSFERENCIA DE BIENES
RAÍCES 13,020.9 0.8
De Transferencia de Bienes Raíces 13,020.9 0.8
IMPUESTO SOBRE EL COMERCIO EXTERIOR 154,800.9 9.6
Aranceles a la Importación 154,800.9 9.6
IMPUESTO A LA TRANSFERENCIA DE BIENES
MUEBLES Y A LA PRESTACIÓN DE SERVICIOS (IVA) 903,709.2 55.8
Sobre Transacciones Internas 403,001.7 24.9 Sobre Transacciones con el Exterior 472,025.7 29.1 Sobre Transacciones Internas Vía Retención y
Percepción 28,681.8 1.8
IMPUESTOS A PRODUCTOS ESPECIFICOS 66,507.9 4.1
Sobre Alcohol y Bebidas Alcohólicas 11,727.4 0.7
Sobre Cerveza 15,672.7 1.0
Sobre Cigarrillo 18,466.6 1.1 Sobre Bebidas Gaseosas 20,641.2 1.3
IMPUESTOS DIVERSOS 1,783.6 0.1
De Migración y Turismo 1,783.6 0.1
TOTAL 1,620,039.5 100.0
Total de impuesto progresivos 493,237.9 Total de impuesto regresivos 1,126,801.6
Total 1,620,039.5
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Progresivo
Regresivo
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Jul-93 Ago-95 May-98
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2002 1.06 4.01 4.25 4.8 0.55
2001 0.67 4.84 3.24 2.46 -0.78
2002 0.66 4.73 3.12 2.46 -0.66
Rural Urbano
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1994 153.85 81.71 175.60 92.00 125.70 54.29 1998 224.93 93.83 249.54 100.23 192.50 59.31 2002 243.69 112.91 277.57 125.03 204.58 100.91
1994 181.02 89.14 214.15 106.86 143.30 60.57 1998 264.04 125.94 304.47 140.23 216.37 97.26 2002 288.52 134.29 341.36 150.29 233.76 118.51
1994 92.40 76.00 102.60 83.43 74.58 47.43 1998 135.09 81.83 141.43 87.77 124.23 51.54 2002 141.73 88.91 153.94 93.60 123.62 75.43
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10 Antes del 2000 se subsidiaba a los hogares que consumían hasta 200 Kwh/mes. Para un mayor análisis visitar la página del Centro para la Defensa del Consumidor. http://www.cdc.org.sv/energia_electrica.asp . 11 SOBRINO, Jon:
Teología de la liberación hoy, en Teoría y Praxis No. 3, Universidad Don Bosco, San
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12 Esta es la metodología de líneas de pobreza; las cuales están determinadas por las CBA. Como se observa en el apartado anterior las CBA son diferenciadas, existe una CBA para el área urbana y una para el área rural; la calidad y peso de ambas son distintas.
13 PNUD:
Informe sobre Desarrollo Humano, El Salvador 2001, Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el
Desarrollo. El Salvador, 2001. 14 CEPAL:
Pobreza y vulnerabilidad social: mercado de trabajo e inversión en el istmo centroamericano a inicios del milenio, CEPAL, México, 2003.
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Hogares Hogares
país
Hogares urbanos
Hogares rurales
Pobres 65.2 55.1 82.1
Recientes 10.7 10.3 11.5
Inerciales 23.7 22.6 25.6
Crónicos 30.8 22.3 45.1
No pobres 34.8 44.9 17.9
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Necesidades Hogares país
Hogares urbanos
Hogares rurales Vivienda
Calidad de la vivienda 11.2 12.3 9.2
Hacinamiento 35.1 23.5 54.3
Servicios básicos
Agua potable 25.1 21.8 30.7
Saneamiento básico 26.3 29.9 20.1
Educación
de 7 a 12 años 4.9 2.4 9.1
de 7 a 15 años 9.5 4.8 17.2
Acceso a los servicios de salud
mediante seguro* 81.3 72.7 93.3
Disponibilidad de electricidad 15.5 3.9 34.8
Capacidad de consumo de los
hogares 24.6 19.0 33.8
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