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Estudio y diseño de microsensores de glucosa

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(1)PROYECTO FIN DE CARRERA Presentado a. LA UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA ELÉCTRICA Y ELECTRÓNICA. Para obtener el título de. INGENIERO ELECTRÓNICO por. Salomón Yehuda May Korn. Estudio y Diseño de Microsensores de Glucosa. Sustentado el 14 Diciembre de 2010 frente al jurado: Composición del jurado -. Asesores:. Fredy Enrique Segura, Profesor Asistente, Universidad de Los Andes Juán Carlos Bohórquez, Profesor Asistente, Universidad de los Andes. -. Jurados :. Alba Graciela Avila Bernal, Profesor Asistente, Universidad de Los Andes. -. Invitados:. Daniel De La Zerda, Ingeniero Mecánico, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Esther Korn, Acompañante. Marianne May, Acompañante. Jessica Liliana Montaño, Estudiante, Universidad de los Andes. Sebastián Mauricio Mora Lemus, Estudiante, Universidad de los Andes. Javier Andrés Rozo Zamora, Estudiante, Universidad de los Andes..

(2) !"#$%&'()(*&"+,'(%+(-&./'"+0"'/+"(%+(12$.'"3((((!" #$%&'%()$" !" ,". #$%&'()**#+$ ............................................................................................................... 3" '-./%#0'1 ....................................................................................................................... 3" 2.1" Objetivo General ...................................................................................................... 3" 2.2" Objetivos Específicos............................................................................................... 3" 2.3" Alcance y productos finales ..................................................................................... 3" 2" (/1*&#3*#+$"(/"45"3&'-4/67%#*5"8".)1%#9#*5*#+$"(/4"%&5-5.' ........................... 4" :" 65&*'"%/+&#*';"*'$*/3%)54"/"<#1%+&#*' ............................................................... 4" 4.1" Marco Teórico .......................................................................................................... 4" 4.2" Marco Conceptual .................................................................................................... 6" 4.3" Marco Histórico ....................................................................................................... 6 =" (/9#$#*#'$"8"/13/*#9#*5*#'$"(/4"%&5-5.' .............................................................. 11" 5.1" Definición .............................................................................................................. 11" 5.2" Especificaciones ..................................................................................................... 12" >" 6/%'('4'?@5"(/4"%&5-5.' ....................................................................................... 12" 6.1" Plan de trabajo........................................................................................................ 12" 6.2" Búsqueda de información ...................................................................................... 13" 6.3" Alternativas de desarrollo ...................................................................................... 13" A" %&5-5.'"&/54#B5(' ..................................................................................................... 13" 7.1" Descripción del Resultado Final ............................................................................ 14" 7.2" Trabajo computacional........................................................................................... 16" C" 054#(5*#+$"(/4"%&5-5.' ............................................................................................ 20" 8.1" Metodología de prueba .......................................................................................... 20" 8.2" Validación de los resultados del trabajo ................................................................ 20" 8.3" Evaluación del plan de trabajo ............................................................................... 26" D" (#1*)1#+$ ..................................................................................................................... 26" !E" *'$*4)1#'$/1.......................................................................................................... 27" !!" 5?&5(/*#6#/$%'1 ................................................................................................... 28" !," &/9/&/$*#51 ............................................................................................................. 28" !2" 53/$(#*/1 ................................................................................................................. 30".

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(4) !"#$%&'()(*&"+,'(%+(-&./'"+0"'/+"(%+(12$.'"3((((+" ZFPONJR"IJORFR"!EEd!"bRJRMN"IK"PK"JIKJNH"LNQRMN"MI"FR"FSLIHRLPHR"e!fU"/JLI"JIKJNH"JI" QNMIFT" IK" FR" YIHHRQSIKLR" *'61'4" \" JI" JSQPFT" JP" ONQGNHLRQSIKLN" IFIOLHN_PaQSON" GRHR" RJa" LIKIH" PK" GPKLN" MI" ONQGRHROSTK" GRHR" FR" ORHROLIHS[ROSTK" I`GIHSQIKLRFU" 9SKRFQIKLI"JI"MSJI^T"PK"KPIXN"JIKJNH"gLNQRKMN"IK"OPIKLR"FRJ"XIKLRhRJ"\"MIJXIKLRhRJ" MI" LNMNJ" FNJ" JIKJNHIJ" IJLPMSRMNJ" RKLIHSNHQIKLI" e!f" e,f" e2f" &'( )*+( GRHR" LIKIH" PK" ONKLI`LN"ROLPRFS[RMN"IK"OPRKLN"RF"MIJRHHNFFN"MI"FNJ"QSJQNJU"". 2. '/1)%"3)"*#+'/+45+3%&-4/67$")5+8+.(1$"9")5)"*#+'/4+$%5-5.&+ "" 4R" MSRbILIJ" IJ" PKR" IK]IHQIMRM" iHIONKNOSMR" ONQN" PK" ZHPGN" MI" LHRJLNHKNJ" YILIHNZVKINJ"_PI"LSIKIK"ONQN"IFIQIKLNJ"ONQPKIJ"FR"YSGIHZFPOIQSR"\"FR"SKLNFIHRKOSR" R"FR"ZFPONJR;"MIbSMRJ"R"PKR"MI]SOSIKOSR"MI"SKJPFSKR;"R"FR"RFLIHROSTK"MI"FR"I]IOLSXSMRM"MI" FR" ROOSTK" MI" FR" SKJPFSKR" N" R" RQbRJ" ONJRJje:fU" /JLR" IK]IHQIMRM" FR" GRMIOIK" RGHN`SQRMRQIKLI",C="QSFFNKIJ"MI"GIHJNKRJ"R"KSXIF"QPKMSRF"e=f"\"JI"IJGIHR"_PI"GRHR" MIKLHN" MI" ,E" R^NJ" R]IOLI" R" 2CE" QSFFNKIJ" MI" GIHJNKRJ;" HR[TK" GNH" FR" OPRF" JI" FI" YR" MIKNQSKRMN" iFR" IGSMIQSR" MIF" JSZFN" kk#jU" (IbSMN" R" IJLN;" \" ZHROSRJ" R" FR" PKSTK" MI" FR" IFIOLHTKSOR"ONK"FR"QIMSOSKR;"JI"YR"LHRLRMN"MI"bPJORH"FR"QRKIHR"MI"QIhNHRH"FR"ORFSMRM" MI"XSMR"MI"FNJ"GROSIKLIJ"_PI"FR"GRMIOIKU"3RHR"FFIZRH"R"QIhNHRH"FR"ORFSMRM"MI"XSMR"MI" VJLRJ" GIHJNKRJ;" I`SJLI" PKR" RFLIHKRLSXR" bRJRMR" IK" FR" SQGFIQIKLROSTK" MI" PK" GWKOHIRJ" RHLS]SOSRF"_PI"GPIMR"HIOHIRH"FRJ"]PKOSNKIJ"MIF"GWKOHIRJ"MI"PKR"GIHJNKR"JRKRU"<RJLR"IF" QNQIKLN" IJLI" MIJRHHNFFN" YR" LIKSMN" PKR" JIHSI" MI" GHNbFIQRJ;" IJGIOa]SORQIKLI" IK" FR" ILRGR"MI"MIJRHHNFFRH"PK"JIKJNH"MI"ZFPONJR"_PI"QSMR"IK"LSIQGN"HIRF"FNJ"ORQbSNJ"IK"FR" ONKOIKLHROSTK" MI" FR" ZFPONJR" IK" FR" JRKZHI" MIF" GROSIKLI;" GIHN" MIbSMN" R" FNJ" RXRKOIJ" LIOKNFTZSONJ"\"RF"IJ]PIH[N"MI"QVMSONJ"I"SKZIKSIHNJ;"JI"ONKJLHP\IK"JIKJNHIJ"MI"ZFPONJR" HIPLSFS[RbFIJ"_PI"GPIMRK"QNKSLNHIRH"ONK"PKR"RFLR"GHIOSJSTK"FR"ORKLSMRM"MI"ZFPONJR"IK" PKR"QPIJLHR;"GRHR"FPIZN"SQGFRKLRHFNJ"IK"IF"GROSIKLI"\"bPJORH"_PI"IF"QSJQN"KN"JP]HR" ONK"FNJ"JIKJNHIJ"ROLPRFIJ"\"ONK"FRJ"SK\IOOSNKIJ"MI"SKJPFSKR"MSRHSRJU" ". :. 65%)&+$/*%")&;+)&#)/3$(54+/+<"1$*%")&+ 4.1 Marco Teórico " /F"MSJI^N"MI"QSOHNJIKJNHIJ"MI"ZFPONJR"IJ"PK"GHNbFIQR"_PI"JI"YR"XIKSMN"LHRLRKMN"MI" HIJNFXIH" MIJMI" YROI" \R" QPOYN" LSIQGNU" )KN" MI" FNJ" QR\NHIJ" GHNbFIQRJ" _PI" VJLI" GHIJIKLR;" JI" MIbI" R" FR" GHIOSJSTK" KIOIJRHSR" GRHR" _PI" IF" JIKJNH" LIKZR" PK" ONQGNHLRQSIKLN"HIFRLSXRQIKLI"ROIGLRbFIU"(IbSMN"R"IJLN"\"R"NLHNJ"GHNbFIQRJ"ONQN"FN" JNK" FR" FSKIRFSMRM" \" FR" MS]SOPFLRM" MIF" QIMSN" IK" IF" _PI" JI" IKOPIKLHR" SKQIHJN" gKNHQRFQIKLI" JRKZHIl;" FNJ" IJ]PIH[NJ" GRHR" SQGFIQIKLRH" PK" JIKJNH" !"#$!$%( ONK" FRJ" ORHROLIHaJLSORJ"RKLIJ"QIKOSNKRMRJ"YRK"JSMN"GHIMNQSKRKLIQIKLI"SK]HPOLPNJNJU". " 5MIQWJ" MI" FN" QIKOSNKRMN" RKLIHSNHQIKLI;" FRJ" LVOKSORJ" MI" QIMSOSTK" MI" ZFPONJR" PLSFS[RMRJ"ROLPRFQIKLI;"SQGFSORK"QNFIJLSRJ"IK"IF"GROSIKLI"ONQN"GPIMI"JIH"PKR"GPKOSTK".

(5) !"#$%&'()(*&"+,'(%+(-&./'"+0"'/+"(%+(12$.'"3((((,". ". GRHR" I`LHRIH" PKR" QPIJLHR" MI" JRKZHIU" 5MIQWJ" MI" _PI" IJLI" QVLNMN" LSIKI" PKR" SQGHIOSJSTK" ZHRKMI" IK" OPRKLN" R" QIMSOSTK" MI" ZFPONJR" JI" HI]SIHI;" GNH_PI" PLSFS[R" FR" LVOKSOR" MI" QIMSOSTK" &,#$!$%( #_PI" GPIMI" ]WOSFQIKLI" ORQbSRH" FNJ" KSXIFIJ" MI" ZFPONJR" JSQGFIQIKLI" GNH" FNJ" I]IOLNJ" LHRPQRLNFTZSONJ" MI" FR" GPKOSTKc" \" IJLR" KN" YROI" QNKSLNHS[ROSTK"IK"LSIQGN"HIRF"MIF"GROSIKLIU"" 3RHR"IKLIKMIH"_PV"]ROLNHIJ"hPIZRK"PK"GRGIF"SQGNHLRKLI"IK"FR"SQGFIQIKLROSTK"MI"PK" JIKJNH" MI" ZFPONJR;" IJ" SQGNHLRKLI" LIKIH" IK" OPIKLR" FRJ" GHNGSIMRMIJ" MI" PK" bPIK" bSNJIKJNH"IK"ZIKIHRFU"" " /K"FR"LRbFR"!;"JI"HIJPQIK"IJLRJ"ONKMSOSNKIJ"KIOIJRHSRJU" " " Propiedad deseada. Fácilmente obtenible?. Específico. Si. Discriminante. Si. Reproducible. Si. Preciso. Si. Seguro. Si. Exacto. Si, con fácil calibrado. Sensibilidad Adecuada. Si. Respuesta Rápida. Si, generalmente. Miniaturizable. Si, generalmente. Capaz de utilizar pequeños volúmenes de medida. Si, generalmente. Independiente de la temperatura.. Si, compensable electrónicamente. Barato de producir. Si, Producción en masa. Fiabilidad. Si, generalmente. Vendible. Difícil debido a metodologías competidoras. Sin mantenimiento. Difícil, pero posible. Robusto. No, generalmente requiere manejo cuidadoso. Estable. No, excepto almacenado o en cortos períodos.. Esterilizable. No, excepto en el empaque original. Esterilizable mediante autoclave. No es posible por el momentos. %RbFR"!U"Propiedades de un buen biosensor. [6]".

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(24) !"#$%&'()(*&"+,'(%+(-&./'"+0"'/+"(%+(12$.'"3((((!+" !,Q++. " (IJGPVJ"MIF"JNGFRMN"\"FSQGSI[R"MIF"JIKJNH;"JI"GPIMIK"HIGILSH"FNJ"GRJNJ"V;+Y;+Z;+ [;+!\+\"!!+KPIXRQIKLIU". 8.2 Validación de los resultados del trabajo 3RHR" GNMIH" XRFSMRH" IF" ONHHIOLN" ]PKOSNKRQSIKLN" MIF" JIKJNH;" JI" HIRFS[T" IF" QSJQN" I`GIHSQIKLN"LHIJ"XIOIJ;"GRHR"GNMIH"LIKIH"MRLNJ"IJLRMaJLSONJU"/K"FR"LRbFR"D"JI"RGHIOSRK" FNJ"HIJPFLRMNJ"JSQPFRMNJ"JSK"YROIH"IF"OWFOPFN"GRHR"ONKXIHLSH"MIKJSJMRM"MI"ONHHSIKLI"IK" ONHHSIKLIU"/F"GHSQIH"XRFNH"MI"FR"OPHXR"JSK"T`SMN"JI"GPIMI"XIH"IK"JSQPFROSTK"IK"FR"]SZPHR" ,E"gMIKJSMRM"MI"ONHHSIKLI"QW`SQRlU"/K"FR"]SZPHR",!"JI"GPIMI"XIH"IF"LIHOIH"XRFNH"MI"FR" OPHXR"JSK"T`SMN"IK"5nQQx,U"/F"XRFNH"MI"FR"LRbFR"JI"YRFFR"LNQRKMN"FNJ"XRFNHIJ"QW`SQNJ" MI"MIKJSMRM"MI"ONHHSIKLI"IK"ORMR"ONHLI"HIJGIOLSXRQIKLIU"/JLI"XRFNH"JI"IKOPIKLHR"IK"FR" GRHLI" JPGIHSNH" MIHIOYR" MI" ORMR" ]SZPHRU" *NQN" \R" YRbaRQNJ" KNLRMN" RKLIHSNHQIKLI;" IF" OWFOPFN"KIOIJRHSN"GRHR"ONKXIHLSH"IKLHI"MIKJSMRM"MI"ONHHSIKLI"\"ONHHSIKLI"IJ"QPFLSGFSORH" IJLRJ" MIKJSMRMIJ" MI" ONHHSIKLI" GNH" =;2," GRHR" IKONKLHRH" FNJ" XRFNHIJ" GHIJIKLRMNJ" IK" FR" LRbFR"!EU"/K"FR"LRbFR"!E"XIQNJ"FNJ"HIJPFLRMNJ"]SKRFIJU"(I"S[_PSIHMR"R"MIHIOYR;"XIQNJ"FNJ" HIJPFLRMNJ" MI" FRJ" JSQPFROSNKIJ" MIF" JIKJNH" JSK" T`SMN" gMIbSMN" R" FR" SKLIHROOSTK" ONK" FR" JNFPOSTK"JRFSKRl;"MIF"JIKJNH"ONK"T`SMN"gGRHR"_PI"FR"OPHXR"ORHROLIHaJLSOR"MIF"JIKJNH"]PIHR" QWJ"RGHN`SQRMR"R"FR"HIRFSMRMl"\"]SKRFQIKLI"FNJ"MRLNJ"I`GIHSQIKLRFIJU"" " *NKMPOLSXSMRM"g1nQl" =;=E/cE>" !;>>/cE=" 2;,E/cE=" !;=A/cE:" 2;DC/cE:" =;,A/cE:" A;2E/cE:" !;22/cE2". ". *PHXR"JSK"'`SMN"g5nQQx,l" ,;E2/cED" 2;2D/cED" >;!2/cED" 2;CC/cEC" D;D2/cEC" !;2!/cEA" !;AD/cEA" 2;,:/cEA". *PHXR"ONK"'`SMN"g5nQQx,l" ,;D=/cED" 2;E!/cED" 2;EA/cED" 2;>D/cED" =;EC/cED" =;AE/cED" >;>E/cED" D;!>/cED". %RbFR"DU"(IKJSMRMIJ"MI"ONHHSIKLI"MI"FRJ"OPHXRJ"JSQPFRMRJ"JSK"\"ONK"T`SMNU"$TLIJI"_PI"IF" XRFNH"R_Pa"GHIJIKLRMN"ONHHIJGNKMI"R"FR"ONHHSIKLI"QW`SQR"IK"FNJ"ONHLIJ"HIRFS[RMNJU"g0IH" _PI"]SZPHR",E"ONHHIJGNKMI"R"*PHXR"JSK"T`SMN"ONKMPOLSXSMRM"!!!!!"!! !!!U" *NKMPOLSXSMRM"g1nQl" =;=E/cE>" !;>>/cE=" 2;,E/cE=" !;=A/cE:" 2;DC/cE:" =;,A/cE:" A;2E/cE:" !;22/cE2". *PHXR"JSK"'`SMN"g5l" !;EC/cEC" !;CE/cEC" 2;,>/cEC" ,;E>/cEA" =;,C/cEA" >;DC/cEA" D;=E/cEA" !;A2/cE>". *PHXR"ONK"'`SMN"g5l" !;=A/cEC" !;>E/cEC" !;>2E=C/cEC" !;D>!:C/cEC" ,;AE,E2/cEC" 2;E2,:/cEC" 2;=!/cEC" :;CA,=D/cEC". *PHXR"I`GIHSQIKLRF"g5l" >;2CEEA/cED" >;>E2E,/cED" !;:22>:/cEC" ,;E!=D!/cEC" ,;AAE:=/cEC" 2;:E!2>/cEC" 2;DD:==/cEC" :;AAD==/cEC".

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(26) !"#$%&'()(*&"+,'(%+(-&./'"+0"'/+"(%+(12$.'"3((((!-" ,;EE/cE>" !;CE/cE>" !;>E/cE>". )@??DJ=>J+_5`+. !;:E/cE>" !;,E/cE>". *PHXR"JSK"'`SMN". !;EE/cE>". *PHXR"ONK"'`SMN" C;EE/cEA". *PHXR"I`GIHSQIKLRF". >;EE/cEA" :;EE/cEA" ,;EE/cEA" E;EE/sEE" E;EE/sEE". ,;EE/cE:". :;EE/cE:". >;EE/cE:". C;EE/cE:". !;EE/cE2". !;,E/cE2". !;:E/cE2". )@=ABCaNDAFA+AJ+GF+1@GBCDE=+_1bI`+. 9SZPHR",DU"*PHXRJ"ONK"T`SMN"gJSQPFROSTKl;"JSK"T`SMN"gJSQPFROSTKl"\"I`GIHSQIKLRFU". 8.3 Evaluación del plan de trabajo 3RHR" FR" HIRFS[ROSTK" MI" IJLI" LHRbRhN;" JI" LHRLT" MI" OPQGFSH" R" ORbRFSMRM" ONK" FNJ" LSIQGNJ" IJGIOS]SORMNJ" IK" IF" OHNKNZHRQR" MI" ROLSXSMRMIJ" _PI" JI" HIJPQI" IK" FR" LRbFR" ,U" /K" FR" IKLHIZR" MI" RXRKOI;" JI" LIKaR" RMIFRKLRMR" PKR" GRHLI" MIF" GHN\IOLN" MI" ZHRMN" _PI" JI" JPGNKaR" LIHQSKRH" IK" FR" JIQRKR" !:;" GIHN" MIbSMN" R" _PI" IF" JIKJNH" \R" JI" IKONKLHRbR" ]RbHSORMN;" JI" RMIFRKLRHNK" FRJ" ROLSXSMRMIJU" &IRFQIKLI" JI" OPQGFSIHNK" ONK" LNMNJ" FNJ" LSIQGNJ"IJGIHRMNJU"/F"OHNKNZHRQR"MI"ROLSXSMRMIJ"]PI"PK"ONKOIKJN"IKLHI"IF"RFPQKN"\" FNJ"RJIJNHIJ"MI"LIJSJU"/FFNJ"RGNHLRHNK"R"_PI"IF"QSJQN"]PIHR"RONHMI"ONK"FRJ"HIJLHSOOSNKIJ" MI"LSIQGNU"". [. '"1)(1"*#++ /K"IF"GHIJIKLI"IJOHSLN"JI"HIJPQST"MI"QRKIHR"ONHLR"IF"LHRbRhN"MI"MSJI^N"\"]RbHSOROSTK"MI" QSOHNJIKJNHIJ"MI"?FPONJRU"/K"VF;"JI"GRJT"MIJMI"IF"QRHON"LITHSON"gIJLRMN"MIF"RHLI"MI" FNJ"QSOHNJIKJNHIJ"MI"?FPONJRl;"YRJLR"FR"]RbHSOROSTK"MI"PK"JIKJNH"MI"?FPONJR"\"IF"MSJI^N" LITHSON" MI" NLHNU" 1I" YSOSIHNK" JSQPFROSNKIJ" IK" YIHHRQSIKLRJ" QPFLS]aJSORJ" GRHR" JP" GNJLIHSNH" RKWFSJSJ" \" ONQGRHROSTK" ONK" IF" LHRbRhN" I`GIHSQIKLRF" HIRFS[RMN" ONK" IF" JIKJNH" ]RbHSORMN;"NbLIKSIKMN"HIJPFLRMNJ"KNLNHSNJU"(IKLHN"MI"FRJ"QR\NHIJ"FSQSLROSNKIJ"_PI"JI" IKONKLHRHNK;" IJLPXN" IF" LSIQGN" gMIbSMN" R" _PI" IJLI" LHRbRhN" MI" SKXIJLSZROSTK" GNMHaR" FFIZRH" R" MPHRH" QWJ" MI" PK" R^N" JS" JI" HIRFS[R" ONQGFILRQIKLIl" \" RFZPKNJ" HIOPHJNJ" LIOKNFTZSONJU" 5PK_PI" JI" GPIMI" ]RbHSORH" IF" JIKJNH" IK" FR" )KSXIHJSMRM" MI" FNJ" 5KMIJ" JSK" GHNbFIQR"RFZPKN;"IF"YIOYN"MI"_PIHIH"YROIHFN"IK"FR"1RFR"4SQGSR"MI"FR")KSXIHJSMRM"]PI". ".

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