14
Ana VII, Num.14 Julia-Diciembre 2013
ENCLAVES del pensamiento ha sido integrada en los siguientes Índices:
!" LATINDEX: Sistema Regional de Información en Línea para las Revistas
#$%&'()*+,"-%"./01$*+"2+'$&+3"%4"#+1$5%3"6,7+8+"9":;1'<=+4
!" #2.>6?"#$'+,"2+'$&;+/%1$*+&+,"%&"#$%&*$+,">;*$+4%,"9"@</+&$-+-%,
!" GALE: Cengage Learning
!" A2BC#@":%1$;-$*+4,"D$1%*';19
!" 6E>#F?":<54$,G$&="H.*+-%/$*">%+1*G":1%/$%1I
!" >#C62FJK0L$*;?">*$%&'$)*"64%*'1;&$*"2$51+19"F&4$&%
!" DIALNET: Universidad de la Rioja
!" B%-" -%" B%M$,'+," #$%&'()*+," -%"./01$*+" 2+'$&+" 9" %4" #+1$5%3" 6,7+8+" 9""""""""""
:;1'<=+4N">$,'%/+"-%"C&O;1/+*$P&"#$%&'()*+"B%-+49*
!" Q%R"S;<1N?"64%*'1;&$*"S;<1&+4,"+&-"Q%R,4%''%1,N"T%;1=%';R&"A&$M%1,$'9
!" CB6>C6?"E+,%"-%"D+';,"">;51%"6-<*+*$P&"C5%1;+/%1$*+&+
ENCLAVES del pensamiento
B%M$,'+"-%"@</+&$-+-%,?".1'%3"U$4;,;O(+3"@$,';1$+3":,$*;4;=(+
:<54$*+*$P&",%/%,'1+4"-%"4+"6,*<%4+"-%"@</+&$-+-%,"9"#$%&*$+,">;*$+4%, -%4""V%*&;4P=$*;"-%"K;&'%11%93"B%*';1(+"-%"4+"W;&+"K%'1;7;4$'+&+"-%"4+"#$<-+-"-%"K0L$*;
.8;"XCC3"&Y/N"Z[3"\<4$;J-$*$%/51%"]^Z_
Directora
D;1+"64M$1+"T+1*(+"TN Jefas de redacción CMP&"#%7%-+"!"K+1=;"6*G%&5%1="
Consejo de redacción
D$&+"#;/$,+1%&*;"!".45%1';"#;&,'+&'%"!"K+1=;"6*G%&5%1=
.45%1';"@%1&`&-%a"!"B;5%1';"F1;7%a+
K+1(+"2<$,+":+11+=<%a"!">;O(+"B%-$&="!"S<4$;"B<5$;"!"">G+&&;&">G%+"!"#+14;,">;4+
6&1$b<%"V+/0,"!"S;1=%"V1+,4;,G%1;,"!"2$44$+&"E1$,%8;"!"X$M$+&".&'+c$
Comité editorial y asesor nacional e internacional
B+Y4".4*+4`"HAQ.K3"K0LNI3".&';&$;"E+15+"HAQ.K3"K0LNI3"E%1';4-"E%1&1%<'%1"H:;494;=3".4%/NI3"K+<
1$*$;"E%<*G;'"HAQ.K3"K0LNI3"K+1(+"6<=%&$+"E;1,+&$"HA&$M%1,$-+-"Q+*$;&+4"-%4"#;/+G<%3".1=NI3"
S+*;5"E<=+&a+"HA&$M%1,$-+-"X%1+*1<a+&+3"K0LNI3"Q%<,"#+/7$44;"HA&$M%1,$-+-"-%"X+4%&*$+3"6,7NI3"
:%-1;"#;5;"HCV.K3"K0LNI3"T$<,%77%"#+**$+';1%"HA&$M%1,$'`"-%=4$">'<-$"-$"Q+7;4$3"C'+NI3"S%,Y,"#;&$44"
HA&$M%1,$-+-"-%"X+4%&*$+3"6,7NI3":+;4;"#1$,';O;4$&$"H@$,';1$+":G$4;,;7G$*+3"C'+NI3"@;1'%&,$+"#<044+1"
HV%*&;4P=$*;"-%"K;&'%11%93"K0LNI3"B;-1$=;"D(+a"#1<a"HAQ.K3"K0LNI3">$/;&+"U;1'$"HA&$M%1,$-+-"-%4"
:$%/;&'%"F1$%&'+4%3"C'+NI3"E4+&*+"T+1*(+"T+1*(+"HA&$M%1,$-+-"-%"4+,"./01$*+,3"K0LNI3"#+14;,"T%&-%"
HA&$M%1,$-+-"Q+*$;&+4"-%4"#;/+G<%3".1=NI3"S;,0"2<$,"T;&a`4%a"H6,*<%4+"Q+*$;&+4"-%".&'1;7;4;=(+"
%"@$,';1$+3"K0LNI3"T1+*$+"D;/$&=;"HA&$M%1,$-+-"-%"4+,"./01$*+,3"K0LNI3"#+14;,"d;G&"HA&$M%1,$-+-"
#%&'1+4"-%"X%&%a<%4+3"X%&NI3"@%$&a"d1</7%4"HA&$M%1,$-+-"-%"X$%&+3".<,NI3"K+1(+"U%1&+&-+"2+&-%1"
H>c$-/;1%"#;44%=%3"66N"AANI3".&-1%R"2$=G'"HA&$M%1,$'9";O"e+,G$&=';&3"66N"AANI3".4O;&,;"K%&-$;4+"
H@$,';1$+" 9" T1+O(+3" K0LNI3" 2<$," K;&'+8;" @$1;,%" HA.K3" K0LNI3" K+1(+"V%1%,+" K<8;a" HA&$M%1,$-+-"
C&'%1*;&'$&%&'+43"K0LNI3"64$a+5%'G":+-$44+"HA&$M%1,$-+-"Q+*$;&+4"-%4"#;/+G<%3".1=NI3"S;,0".&';&$;"
:01%a" V+7$+," HA&$M%1,$-+-" -%" T1+&+-+3" 6,7NI3" >$4M+&+" B+5$&;M$*G" HAQ.K3" K0LNI3" C&0," >`%&a"
HV%*&;4P=$*;"-%"K;&'%11%93"K0LNI3".4%\+&-1;">+G<("HA&$M%1,$-+-".<'P&;/+"-%"#+/7%*G%3"K0LNI3"
#1$,'$&+">`&*G%a"HA&$M%1,$-+-".<'P&;/+"-%"K+-1$-3"6,7NI3"F,/+1">`&*G%a".=<$4%1+"HV%*&;4P=$*;"-%"
K;&'%11%93"K0LNI3"K+1(+"S;,%O+">+&';,"HAQ.K3"K0LNI3"D+M$-">;51%M$44+"HA&$M%1,$-+-"-%"2$/+3":%1YI3"
X+4%&'$&+"V;11%,">%7'$0&"HA&$M%1,$-+-"C5%1;+/%1$*+&+3"K0LNI3"6<=%&$;"V1(+,"HA&$M%1,$-+-":;/7%<"
U+51+3"6,7NI3"./51;,$;"X%4+,*;"HAQ.K3"K0LNI3"S;1=%"X%4`,b<%a"HA.K3"K0LNI3"T+11+'G"e$44$+/,"
H2+&*+,'%1"A&$M%1,$'93"AdI3"K+1c"e+9/+*c"H2;9;4+"A&$M%1,$'9";O"#G$*+=;3"66N"AANI3".&+"W+=+1$"
HA&$M%1,$-+-"-%4">+4M+-;13".1=NI3"2$4$+&"W$17;4;"H.<1;1+3"VG%"S;<1&+4";O"'G%"@$,';19";O".1'3"66N"AANI
Asistente editorial
V+1,,$,"D%,,+M1%"F4$M+"!"f+M$%1".4%\+&-1;"#+/+1=;
Edición
S<+&"#+14;,"@N"X%1+"!"6-&+"d+1$&+"B$M%1+"K+1'(&%a
Diseño
F/+1"W+/;1+"#+4-%1P&"!"X(*';1"KN"S<`1%a"E+4M+&%1+
ENCLAVES"%,"<&+"7<54$*+*$P&",%/%,'1+4"b<%",<1=%"*;&"%4")&"-%"7;&%1"+4",%1"G</+&;"9"
,<"1%g%L$P&",$,'%/`'$*+"'+&';"%&"%4"*%&'1;"-%"4+,"$&M%,'$=+*$;&%,"9"4;,"-%5+'%,3"*;/;"%&"
4;"/`,"G;&-;"-%"&<%,'1+"M$-+"*;'$-$+&+"9"%&"4;"/`,"71;O<&-;"-%"4+"+**$P&",;*$+4N"6&"<&+"
7+4+51+?"*+7'+1"4;"=4;5+4"9"1%*1%+1"4;"4;*+4"1%7%&,+&-;"4+,"G</+&$-+-%,3"+*;/7+8+-+,"
-%"4+"7%1/+&%&'%"*;&,'1<**$P&"-%",$=&$)*+-;,3",(/5;4;,"9"+**$;&%,N"D%"%,'+"/+&%1+3"
ENCLAVES",%"71;7;&%",%1"<&"/;-%,';"M%G(*<4;"+")&"-%"1%g%\+1"4+"5%44%a+3"4+"<&$-+-"9"
4+"M%1-+-"b<%"&;,"G%1/+&+"9"*1%+1"*;&"%44;"&<%M;,"7<%&'%,"9"*+/$&;,"-%"+7%1'<1+3"
%/7+'(+3"1%*$71;*$-+-"9"1%*;&;*$/$%&';N"
6,'+"1%M$,'+"44%M+"%4"&;/51%"-%"ENCLAVES3"&;/51%"O;1/+-;"7;1"<&+"-<74+"-%"7+4+51+,"
b<%"*;/;")=<1+"1%'P1$*+"-$,'$&=<%"9",%7+1+"7+1+"*;/5$&+1"9"\<=+1"*;&"&<%M;,",$=&$)*+-;,3"
%&"+1+,"-%"M%1"*;&"%44;,"4+"1%+4$-+-"-%,-%"`&=<4;,"9"7%1,7%*'$M+,"-$O%1%&'%,N"6&"%O%*';3"
por un lado enclave nos lleva a pensar en un territorio incluido en otro con características -%"(&-;4%"-$M%1,+N":;1";'1;"4+-;3"4+"7+4+51+"clave3"-%4"4+'(&"clavis3",$=&$)*+"44+M%"+,("*;/;""
'+/5$0&"%L74$*+*$P&3"b<%"&%*%,$'+"+4=Y&"%,*1$';"7+1+",<"*;/71%&,$P&"9"b<%"'%1/$&+"7;1"
*;&,'$'<$1,%"%&",$=&;";"*;/5$&+*$P&"-%",$=&;,N"6,"+4=;"'+&"1%4%M+&'%"9"-%*$,$M;"b<%3"5+\;"
<&+"'1+&,7;,$*$P&"9"\<%=;"/%'+OP1$*;,3",%"*;&M$%1'%"%&"%4"7<&';"O<&-+/%&'+4"-%4"+1*;";"
-%"4+"5PM%-+3"%,"-%*$13"4+"-;M%4+"b<%"4;"*$%11+"9"4;",<,'%&'+3"9"b<%"-%,%/7%8+"4+"O<&*$P&"
-%"7$%-1+"+&=<4+1";"7$%-1+"-%"+/+11%"%&"4+"b<%",%",<,'%&'+"<&+"%-$)*+*$P&N"
.,("7<%,3"*;&"4+"*;/5$&+*$P&"-%"enclave"9"claves"b<%-+"*;&,'$'<$-;"%4"&;/51%"-%"
%,'+"1%M$,'+"b<%"$&M$'+"+"4+"1%g%L$P&"%L71%,+-+"%&"7%&,+/$%&';,"%,*1$';,"7+1+"b<$%&%,"
5<,b<%&"*;/71%&-%1"-%,-%"4+,"G</+&$-+-%,"+"&<%,'1;"*;/74$*+-;"/<&-;"G</+&;N ENCLAVES del pensamiento"5<,*+"*;&M%1'$1,%"%&"<&"%,7+*$;"+*+-0/$*;"9"-%"$&M%,
'$=+*$P&" h%&" *<+&';" '%11$';1$;" -%" *;&,$-%1+54%" +/74$'<-h" ,;51%" %4" *<+4" %4"V%*&;4P=$*;"
-%"K;&'%11%9"+7<%,'+"9"+11$%,=+"'1+5+\+1"7;1"4+,"@</+&$-+-%,3"%/7%8`&-;,%"%&"<&+"
1%g%L$P&",;51%"%4",%1"G</+&;N"E<,*+",%1"*1<*%"-%"*+/$&;,"%&'1%"-$M%1,+,"-$,*$74$&+,"
71;*<1+&-;"%4"-$`4;=;3"4+"/<4'$-$,*$74$&+"9"4+"$&'%1-$,*$74$&+N"E<,*+",%1"+'+4+9+"-%"&<%M;,"
G;1$a;&'%,"9"*;11$%&'%,"9"*%1*;"(&'$/;"7+1+"%4"$&'%1*+/5$;"%&'1%"71;O%,;1%,"9"+4</&;,N"
Como claves del pensamiento"%,'+"1%M$,'+"-%,%+"+4a+1,%"*;/;"%/54%/+"-%,*<51$%&-;"
4+,"i)=<1+,j"71$&*$7+4%,"b<%"1%71%,%&'+&"9"O;1/+4$a+&"4;"/`,"(&'$/;3"4;"/`,"+1*+&;3"4;"
-%*$,$M;"-%"-$O%1%&'%,"*<4'<1+,3"'1+-$*$;&%,3"7+1+-$=/+,"9"%,*<%4+,"+*%1*+"-%4",%1"G<
/+&;"9"-%",<"%L$,'%&*$+3"*+1=+-+",$%/71%"-%"71;*%,;,"9"*+'%=;1(+,3"-%"+*;&'%*$/$%&';,"
9"%,'1<*'<1+,3"+"4;"4+1=;"9"+&*G;"-%",<"'1+&,$'+1"7;1"4+"'%/7;1+4$-+-"-%"4+,"07;*+,3"4;,"
4$&+\%,3"4+,"=%&%1+*$;&%,3"4;,"+8;,"9"4;,"-(+,N
ERICH FROMM: BASES PARA UNA ANTROPOLOGÍA PARADÓJICA Y UNA ÉTICA “NEGATIVA”
R
ICARDOM. R
IVASG
ARCÍA*Resumen
E
&"%4"71%,%&'%"'1+5+\;"/%"71;7;&=;"+&+4$a+1"4;,"+7;1'%,"b<%",%"%&*<%&'1+&"%&"%4"7%&,+/$%&';"-%"61$*G"U1;//3"/$,/;,"b<%"/%"7%1/$'+&"%,5;a+1"<&+"
*;&*%7*$P&"+&'1;7;4P=$*+"i7+1+-P=$*+j"9"b<%3"+",<"M%a3"/%"-0"7$%"+"-%4$&%+1"<&+"
71;7<%,'+"0'$*+"%&"*4+M%"i&%=+'$M+jN"Q;"5<,*;";O1%*%1"<&"$-%+4"-%"G</+&$-+-"
&$"-%"M$-+"5<%&+3",$&;"b<%"%4"+&`4$,$,"%&"*<%,'$P&"7%1/$'+"$&'%17%4+13"-%,-%"4+"
71;7$+"&%=+'$M$-+-"G</+&+"H4;"$&JG</+&;3"b<%"%,"$=<+4/%&'%"G</+&;I3"&<%,
'1+,"%L7%*'+'$M+,"-%"G</+&$a+*$P&3"+7;9+-;,"%&"4+"$&M%1,$P&"-%"4+",%&'%&*$+"
de Terencio: Homo sum; humani nihil a me alienum…
Palabras clave:"&+'<1+4%a+"G</+&+3"*;&'1+-$**$P&"%L$,'%&*$+4"%"G$,'P1$*+3"5$;)4$+J
&%*1;)4$+N
Abstract C&"'G$,"7+7%1"R%"+&+49a%"'G%"*;&'1$5<'$;&,"+1%"+'"'G%"'G;<=G'";O"61$*G"U1;//"'G+'"
+44;R"<,"';"'1+*%"+&"+&'G1;7;4;=$*+4"*;&*%7'"i7+1+-;L$*+4j"+&-"'G+'3"$&"'<1&3"+44;R,"
+"71;7;,+4";<'4$&$&="c%9"%'G$*,"i&%=+'$M%jN"C'",%%c,"';";OO%1"+&"$-%+4";O"G</+&$'9"
*" #+'%-1`'$*;"-%"~'$*+"%&"%4"V%*&;4P=$*;"-%"K;&'%11%93"#+/7<,"#$<-+-"-%"K0L$*;"C&M%,'$=+-;1"
-%"4+"A&$M%1,$-+-"C&'%1*;&'$&%&'+43"K0L$*;3"u1%*+1%-<,ã__vG;'/+$4N*;/wN
Z^[" B$*+1-;"KN"B$M+,"T+1*(+
;1"=;;-"4$O%3"5<'"+44;R,"'G+'"+&+49,$,"b<%,'$;&3",$&*%"'G%"M%19"G</+&"&%=+'$M$'9"
H'G%"$&JG</+&3"G</+&"%b<+449I3";<1"%L7%*'+'$;&,";O"G</+&$a+'$;&3",<77;1'%-"59"
the reversal of the Terence sentence: Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum ...
Key words:" @</+&" &+'<1%3" %L$,'%&'$+4" +&-" G$,';1$*+4" *;&'1+-$*'$;&3" 5$;7G$4$+J
&%*1;7G$4$+N
Hoy pongo delante de ti la vida y la felicidad, la muerte y la desdicha.
Si escuchas los mandamientos […], entonces vivirás, te multiplicarás […].
Pero si tu corazón se desvía y no escuchas, si te dejas arrastrar y vas a postrarte ante otros dioses para servirlos, yo les anuncio hoy que ustedes se perderán irremediablemente, y no vivirán mucho tiempo en
la tierra que vas a poseer después de cruzar el Jordán.
Hoy tomo por testigos contra ustedes al cielo y a la tierra;
yo he puesto delante de ti la vida y la muerte, la bendición y la maldición […]
Elige la vida, y vivirás, tú y tus descendientes[…].
WA8>&XY%&PZO[Y\
Introducción Q$&=Y&"/$%/51;"-%4"C&,'$'<';"-%"C&M%,'$=+*$P&">;*$+4"-%"4+"A&$M%1,$-+-"-%"U1`&*
O;1'"y4+"+,("44+/+-+"i6,*<%4+"-%"U1`&*O;1'jy",%"71;7<,;"O;1/<4+1"+5$%1'+/%&'%"
<&+"'%;1(+""+&'1;7;4P=$*+"9"0'$*+3"-%5$-;"+",<"+-G%,$P&3"$/74(*$'+";"%L74(*$'+3"
+4"/+'%1$+4$,/;"G$,'P1$*;3"7+1+"b<$%&"%4",%1"G</+&;",%"-%)&%"7;1"4+"+&'1;7;
=0&%,$,3"%,"-%*$13"7;1"%4"-$&+/$,/;"/%-$+&'%"%4"*<+4"%4"G;/51%",%"=%&%1+"+",("
/$,/;"%&"%4"-%*<1,;"-%"4+"G$,';1$+3"+"'1+M0,"-%4"'1+5+\;"9"4+"$&'%1+**$P&N":+1+"
61$*G"U1;//3"i%4"71;O%'+";4M$-+-;j3Z quien dirigió el departamento de psicología
Z Q$*c"E1+<&%"9"S;+&"E1+<&%3"i61$*G"U1;//x,">;*$+4$,'":1;=1+/"+&-":1;7G%'$*"K%,,$+&$,/j3"%&"
Radical D74-#.#*7+&Q)<4)I&]D74-#.#*7+&A#'(")58184#5&F)58)$^3"M;4N"Z]3"&Y/N"ZJ]3"]^^o3"77N"_mmJ_loN
61$*G"U1;//?"5+,%,"7+1+"<&+"+&'1;7;4;=(+"7+1+-P\$*+" Z^m ,;*$+4"-%4"C&,'$'<'"OÜ1">;a$+4O;1,*G<&=3"*<+4b<$%1"*;&*%7*$P&"+&'1;7;4P=$*+"*;11(+"
%4"1$%,=;"-%"-%,+<';1$a+1,%"7;1",<"$&%M$'+54%"'+4+&'%"/%'+O(,$*;3"+4"*;&,$-%1+1"+4"
,%1"G</+&;"*;/;"%&'%")\;"%"$&'%/7;1+4N"V;-+"+&'1;7;4;=(+")4;,P)*+3"+-%/`,"
-%",%1"1%-<**$;&$,'+3"O`*$4/%&'%"7<%-%",%1"1%4+*$;&+-+"*;&"4+"-%&;/$&+-+"i'%;
1(+"'1+-$*$;&+4j3"+"4+"b<%"4;,"/$%/51;,"-%"-$*G;"$&,'$'<';";7<,$%1;&",<"71;9%*';"
/%';-;4P=$*;"7+1+"%4"+&`4$,$,",;*$+43"+",+5%1?"4+"-%&;/$&+-+"iV%;1(+"*1('$*+"-%"
4+",;*$%-+-jN
:+1'$%&-;"-%"%,'+"+-M%1'%&*$+3"%4"71%,%&'%"'1+5+\;"5<,*+";O1%*%1"4(&%+,"G%1
/%&0<'$*+,"7+1+"4+"*;/71%&,$P&"-%"4+"&+'<1+4%a+"G</+&+"%&"*4+M%"7+1+-P\$*+"9"
&%=+'$M+3"9+"b<%"4;"b<%",%"7;,'<4+3",$=<$%&-;"+"U1;//3"%,"4+"*;&'1+-$**$P&"$&G%
1%&'%"+"4+"%L$,'%&*$+"G</+&+N":+1+"%44;3"71$/%1;"/%"+7;9;"%&"-;,"*;&*%7';,"$&,
7$1+-;,"%&"%4"O<&-+-;1"-%4"7,$*;+&`4$,$,3"%b<$M+4%&'%,"+"4+,"-;,"7<4,$;&%,"5`,$*+,"
'%/+'$a+-+,"7;1"U1%<-3"+",+5%13"4+"7<4,$P&"-%"M$-+";"eros"9"4+"7<4,$P&"-%"/<%1'%"
o thánatosN"6,';,"*;&*%7';,",;&"$&'%171%'+-;,"7;1"61$*G"U1;//3"1%*;51+&-;"
&<%M;,",$=&$)*+-;,3"+"7+1'$1"-%"4+"*$'+-+"$-%+"-%"4+"i*;&'1+-$**$P&"$&G%1%&'%j"b<%"
-%)&%"+4",%1"G</+&;3"9",;&"-%&;/$&+-;,"*;/;"'%&-%&*$+,"5$P)4+,"9"'%&-%&*$+,"
&%*1P)4+,3"1%,7%*'$M+/%&'%N":;,'%1$;1/%&'%3"$&,7$1+-;,"%&"4+"-$+40*'$*+"&%=+'$M+"
-%".-;1&;3"-%,+11;44+/;,"4+"$&M%1,$P&"-%4"dictum"-%"V%1%&*$;3"7;%'+"4+'$&;"-%4"
siglo II"+N"#N?"Homo sum; humani nihil a me alienum putoN"Hi@;/51%",;9"7$%&,;"
b<%"&+-+"-%"4;"G</+&;"/%"%,"+\%&;jI3"+74$*`&-;4%"4+"$&M%1,$P&"71;7<%,'+"7;1"
.&-10"T4Ü*c,/+&&?"inada inhumano me es ajenoj3"*;&"%4";5\%';"-%"'1+a+1"4+,"
4(&%+,"-%"<&+"0'$*+"G</+&$,'+3"'+/5$0&"%&"*4+M%"&%=+'$M+N"~,'+"%,"4+"1+aP&"7;1"
4+"b<%"<&+"71;7<%,'+"+&'1;7;4P=$*+"M$+54%"%&"%,'%"*;&'%L';"&;"%,"+b<%44+"b<%"
7+1'%"-%"<&+"-%)&$*$P&"7;,$'$M+"-%4"G;/51%";"-%",<"$-%+4"-%"M$-+"5<%&+3",$&;3"%&"
*<+&';",<51+9+"4;"$&JG</+&;"*;/;"/+1*;"-%"1%O%1%&*$+"7+1+"<&+"*+'%=;1$a+*$P&"
<&$M%1,+4$a+54%"-%4",%1"G</+&;3"b<%"+4"/$,/;"'$%/7;",+4M+=<+1-%"4+,"-$O%1%&*$+,"
*;&,'$'<'$M+," -%" &<%,'1+" 71;7$+" G</+&$-+-" *;/7+1'$-+N" Q<%,'1+" G$7P'%,$," -%"
'1+5+\;"%,"b<%"U1;//";O1%*%"%4%/%&';,"7+1+"<&+"*;&*%7*$P&"-%"%,'%"'+4+&'%N Q;",%"'1+'+"-%"1%*+%1"%&"4+"71%'%&,$P&"-%";O1%*%1"<&"$-%+4"-%"G</+&$-+-3"
&;" ,+5%/;," %&" b<0" +*+5%" 4+" 1%+4$a+*$P&" -%" 4+" M$-+" G</+&+3" 7%1;" ,+5%/;,"
yG$,'P1$*+"9"%/7(1$*+/%&'%y"b<0"%,"4;"b<%",%";7;&%"+"%44+N"2;"$&G</+&;"&;"
%,"<&+"*+'%=;1(+"%7$,'0/$*+3",$&;"+&'1;7;4P=$*+"9"/;1+4"&%=+'$M+3"7<%,"7+1'%"
-%4"-+';"%/7(1$*;"%&1+$a+-;"%&"4+"G$,';1$+"-%"4+"G</+&$-+-"9"&;,"-+"1+aP&"-%"
lo que no debería serN
Z^n" B$*+1-;"KN"B$M+,"T+1*(+
La tarea de rehabilitar una “ciencia del hombre” en Erich Fromm V;-+" '%;1(+" b<%" 71;7;&%" <&" $-%+4" -%" iM$-+" 5<%&+j" %,'`" +,%&'+-+" ,;51%" <&;,"
determinados supuestos antropológicos que sirven de referentes para validar b<0"%,"+b<%44;"+"4;"b<%"%4",%1"G</+&;"-%5%"+,7$1+1";"'%&-%1N"s"+",<"M%a3"%,'%"
1%O%1%&'%"+&'1;7;4P=$*;"'$%&%"1%4+*$P&"*;&"4;,"1%O%1%&'%,"/;1+4%,3"7<%,';"b<%",$"
&;"7+1'$/;,"-%"<&+"&;*$P&"-%",%1"G</+&;3"&;"7;-%/;,"'%&%1"<&"*1$'%1$;"7+1+"
-$O%1%&*$+1"4;"\<,';"-%"4;"$&\<,';3"4;"';4%1+54%"-%"4;"$&';4%1+54%N"6&"%,'+"7%1,7%*'$M+3"9"
';/+&-;"%&"*<%&'+"%4"4%=+-;"-%"4+"'1+-$*$P&"G</+&$,'+"-%"F**$-%&'%3"61$*G"U1;//"
y1%,7;&,+54%"-%4"-%7+1'+/%&';"-%"7,$*;4;=(+",;*$+4"%&"4+"71$/%1+"6,*<%4+"-%"
U1`&*O;1'y"4+&a+"4+"71;7<%,'+"-%"1%G+5$4$'+1"<&+"&;*$P&"-%"&+'<1+4%a+"G</+&+3"
7<%,"%,'`"*;&M%&*$-;3"*;/;"04"/$,/;",%8+4+3"b<%"i4+,"O<%&'%,"-%"4+,"&;1/+,"7+1+"
<&+"*;&-<*'+"0'$*+"G+&"-%"%&*;&'1+1,%"%&"4+"71;7$+"&+'<1+4%a+"-%4"G;/51%"{|"
9+"b<%}"4+,"&;1/+,"/;1+4%,",%"5+,+&"%&"4+,"*<+4$-+-%,"$&G%1%&'%,"+4"G;/51%jN] :+1+"U1;//"4+"*;/74%\$-+-"-%4",%1"G</+&;"G+",$-;",$/74$)*+-+"-%/+,$+-;"
7;1"4;,",+5%1%,"*$%&'()*;J'%*&;4P=$*;,3"+4"=1+-;"b<%"G+"71;M;*+-;"%&"%4"G;/
51%"%4"-%,*;&;*$/$%&';"-%",("/$,/; por ello considera necesario reivindicar el
*;&;*$/$%&';"-%4"G;/51%3"*;/;"i*$%&*$+"-%4"G;/51%jN_ Tal conocimiento ha de ,%1"%4"*;&;*$/$%&';"*1('$*;"-%"4+"*;/74%'+"1%+4$-+-"G</+&+3"*<9+"%L74$*+*$P&"
'%&-1`"%&"*<%&'+"4+"*;&-$*$P&",<5\%'$M+"71;7$+"-%4"G;/51%3"4+"*;/71%&,$P&"-%"4;"
b<%"04"G+"-$*G;"9"-$*%"+*%1*+"-%",("/$,/;3"-%",<,"$&'%&*$;&%,3"-%",<,"-%,%;,3"
-%",<,"+&G%4;,3"-%4",%&'$-;"-%",("/$,/;"9",<"71;7$+"%L$,'%&*$+N["2+"7;,$5$4$-+-"-%"
-$*G+"*$%&*$+"-%,*+&,+3"7<%,3",;51%"4+"%L$,'%&*$+"/$,/+"-%4"G;/51%?"i%4"*;&
*%7';"-%"<&+"*$%&*$+"-%4"G;/51%"-%,*+&,+",;51%"4+"71%/$,+"-%"b<%",<";5\%';3"
%4"G;/51%3"%L$,'%"9"-%"b<%"G+9"<&+"&+'<1+4%a+"G</+&+"b<%"*+1+*'%1$a+"+"4+"
%,7%*$%"G</+&+jNm
~,'%"%,"<&"7<&';"71;54%/`'$*;"-%"4+"*<%,'$P&3"-%5$-;"+"4+"-$)*<4'+-"-%"-%)&$1"
,+'$,O+*';1$+/%&'%"4+"&+'<1+4%a+"G</+&+3"7<%,"/<*G+,"*;11$%&'%,"-%"4+")4;,;O(+"
*;&'%/7;1`&%+"+1=<9%&"b<%",%"'1+'+"-%"<&+"*;&,'1<**$P&"'%P1$*+Nn
]" 61$*G"U1;//3"V84'1&+&*.4'#159-4.4.N"K0L$*;3"FCE3"]^Z^3"7N"ZoN
_" 6N"U1;//3"La revolución de la esperanza: hacia una tecnología humanizadaN"K0L$*;3"FCE3"
Zolm3"7N"Z^nN
[" 2+" 71;7<%,'+" -%" U1;//" +*%1*+" -%" <&+" *$%&*$+" -%4" G;/51%" 71%'%&-%" ,%1" 4;" /`," $&'%=1+4"
7;,$54%3"*;/;"04"/$,/;"4;"%L71%,+?"i-%5$%1+"44+/+1,%"{|}"â*$%&*$+"-%4"G;/51%x3"<&+"-$,*$74$&+"b<%"
'1+5+\+1(+"*;&"4;,"-+';,"-%"4+"G$,';1$+3"4+",;*$;4;=(+3"4+"7,$*;4;=(+3"4+"'%;4;=(+3"4+"/$';4;=(+3"4+"),$;4;
=(+3"4+"%*;&;/(+"9"%4"+1'%3"%&"*<+&';"O<%,%&"1%4%M+&'%,"7+1+"*;/71%&-%1"+4"G;/51%jN"HIbid.3"7N"n[NI
m" 6N"U1;//3"V84'1&+&*.4'#159-4.4.3"7N"__N"
n X0+,%"-%"6N"U1;//3"El corazón del hombre: su potencia para el bien y para el malN"K0L$*;3"
FCE3"Zoom3"77N"Z_[JZ_m"Anatomía de la destructividad humanaN"K0L$*;3">$=4;"ffC3"Zol_3"77N"]]_J
61$*G"U1;//?"5+,%,"7+1+"<&+"+&'1;7;4;=(+"7+1+-P\$*+" Z^k K`,"1%*$%&'%/%&'%3"*;&"%4"-%,+11;44;"-%"4;,"-$M%1,;,"*+/7;,"*$%&'()*;,"%&"
4;,"b<%",%"'$%&%"*;/;";5\%';"+4",%1"G</+&;3"*<+4b<$%1"$&'%&';"-%";O1%*%1"<&+"
-%)&$*$P&"-%"&+'<1+4%a+"G</+&+",%"';7+"$&/%-$+'+/%&'%"*;&"4+";5\%*$P&"-%"
b<%"'+4"1%,7<%,'+"&;"%,"/`,"b<%"%,7%*<4+*$P&"/%'+O(,$*+3"%&'%&-$-+"*;/;"+4=;"
%,%&*$+4$,'+3"+G$,'P1$*;3"$&/<'+54%3"<&"eidos *1%+-;"7;1"D$;,";"1%=$-;"7;1"<&+"4%9"
%'%1&+"93"7;1"'+&';3"-$=&+"-%"1%*G+a;"7;1",<";7;,$*$P&"+"4+"1%+4$-+-"G$,'P1$*+3")&$'+"
9"*;&'$&=%&'%"-%4",%1"G</+&;N"F'1+"-%"4+,";5\%*$;&%,"+"4+"&;*$P&"71;M$%&%"-%"
4+"*1('$*+"-%"4+,"$-%;4;=(+,"b<%"%&*;&'1+/;,"%&"4+"V%;1(+"*1('$*+"-%"4+",;*$%-+-3"
7+1+"4+"*<+4"4+"$-%+"-%"<&+"&+'<1+4%a+",<7<%,'+/%&'%"<&$M%1,+4"G+"*+(-;"%&"<&+"
=%&%1+4$a+*$P&"+5<,$M+3"9"%&"&;/51%"-%"%44+",%"G+&"\<,'$)*+-;"';-+"*4+,%"-%"
,$'<+*$;&%,"-%&$=1+&'%,3"-%,-%"4+"%,*4+M$'<-"G+,'+"4+,"O;1/+,"-%"-;/$&$;"-%"4+"
,;*$%-+-"5<1=<%,+J*+7$'+4$,'+3"9"*4(&$*+/%&'%"7+1+"+*%7'+1"b<%",;&"$&%M$'+54%,"
+4=<&;,"+,7%*';,"$&-%,%+54%,"-%4"*;/7;1'+/$%&';"G</+&;"*;/;"4+"M;1+*$-+-3"
%4"*1$/%&3"%4"%&=+8;"9"4+"/%&'$1+N"
6&"%,'+,"*;&-$*$;&%,",%"71%,%&'+"4+",$=<$%&'%"*<%,'$P&3"p*P/;"+)1/+1"%&"
b<0"*;&,$,'%"4+"i&+'<1+4%a+"G</+&+j,$&"*+%1"&$"%&"1%-<**$;&$,/;,"*$%&'$)*$,'+,"
&$"%&"%4"%,%&*$+4$,/;"G$,'P1$*;r"2+"1%g%L$P&")4;,P)*;J+&'1;7;4P=$*+"O1;//$+&+3"
+7;9`&-;,%"%&"K+1L"9"U1%<-3k"7%1;"9%&-;"/`,"+44`"-%"%44;,3";O1%*%"<&+"M(+"-%"
,;4<*$P&?"4+"*;&,$-%1+*$P&"-%"b<%"4+"&+'<1+4%a+"G</+&+l tiene su punto nodal en 4+"i*;&'1+-$**$P&"$&G%1%&'%"-%"4+"%L$,'%&*$+"G</+&+jNo"U1;//"+5;1-+"4+"1%+4$-+-"
G</+&+"*;/;"<&+"1%+4$-+-"71;*%,<+4"HantropogénesisIZ^"*<9;"-%,%&M;4M$/$%&';"
G+"-%"%,*4+1%*%1,%"-%,-%"4+,"*;&-$*$;&%,"-%"M$-+"-%4"G;/51%"*;&*1%';"%&",<"
]]["V84'1&+&*.4'#159-4.4.3"77N"_mJ_n"La revolución de la esperanzaNNN3"77N"n[JnnN".,$/$,/;"M0+,%"
'+/5$0&?"SN".N":01%a"V+7$+,3"Filosofía y crítica de la culturaN"K+-1$-3"V1;''+3"]^^^3"77N"Zk]JZkoN
k X0+,%?"2%;&$-+,"dN"#G%4$;'$,3"iU;1"+"U1%<-;JK+1L$,'"*1$'$b<%";O",;*$+4"-;/$&+'$;&?"B%-$,
*;M%1$&="61$*G"U1;//"'G1;<=G"'G%"/$11;1";O":$%11%"E;<1-$%<j3"%&"Journal of Classical Sociology3"
M;4N"ZZ3"&Y/N"[3"&;M$%/51%"-%"]^ZZ3"77N"[_lJ[nZN
l" X0+&,%" 4+," ;51+," -%" 6N" U1;//3" Psicoanálisis de la sociedad contemporánea: hacia una sociedad sanaN"K0L$*;3"FCE3"]^^[3"7N"_Z"V84'1&+&*.4'#159-4.4.3"77N"mZJn_"La revolución de la espe
ranza…3"77N"nnJnkN":+1+"%M$'+1"4+,"7;,$54%,"*;&&;'+*$;&%,"/%'+O(,$*+,"9"*$%&'$)*$,'+,"-%"4+"%L71%,$P&"
naturaleza humana3"%&"%4"1%,';"-%4"'%L';",%"G+1`"Y&$*+/%&'%"<,;"-%"4+"'%1/$&;4;=(+"O1;//$+&+"-%"
condición humanaN"V+/5$0&"7<%-%"M%1,%"-%4"/$,/;"+<';13"iVG%":1%,%&'"@</+&"#;&-$'$;&j3"%&"The A#;"1&#/&F7$4.86&!52&T87)$&B..1+.&Q)-4;4#5%&D.+'7#-#;+&152&F(-8($)N"2;&-1%,3"B;<'4%-=%3"]^^[3"
77N"k^JknN"H6L$,'%"'1+-<**$ón: La condición humana actualN"E+1*%4;&+3":+$-P,3"ZolZ3"77N"oJZlIN
o" K$*G+%4"K+**;593"i>;*$+4"*G+1+*'%1"M,N"'G%"71;-<*'$M%"$-%+4?"'G%"*;&'1$5<'$;&"+&-"*;&'1+-$*
'$;&"$&"O1;//x,"M$%R";O"/+&j3"%&"Praxis International3"M;4N"]3"&Y/N"Z3"+51$4"-%"Zol]3"77N"k^Jl_"9"
6N"U1;//3"Más allá de las cadenas de la ilusión: mi encuentro con Marx y FreudN"]á"%-N"K0L$*;3"
@%11%1;"@%1/+&;,3"Zonl3"7N"Z[["9"El corazón del hombre...3"7N"Z_mN
Z^" #;&"5+,%"%&"4+"'%;1(+"-%"K+1L3"%4"'01/$&;"+&'1;7;=0&%,$,"G+*%"1%O%1%&*$+"+4"%,'+-;"%&"%4"
b<%"%4"G;/51%"%,"G+*%-;1"-%",<"71;7$+"G$,';1$+"9",%"G+*%"+",("/$,/;3"*;&-$*$;&+-;"7;1"4+"G$,';1$+"
b<%"G+*%N"HSN".N":01%a"V+7$+,3"op. citN3"7N"]]lNI
Z^l" B$*+1-;"KN"B$M+,"T+1*(+
%L$,'%&*$+"G$,'P1$*+3"<&+"%L$,'%&*$+"+'1+M%,+-+"7;1"7+1+-;\+,3"b<%"4+"*$%&*$+"-%4"
G;/51%"G+"-%"+O1;&'+1"%&"';-+",<"*1<-%a+NZZ"2+";5,%1M+*$P&"-%"4+,"*;&-$*$;&%,"
71;7$+,"-%"4+"%L$,'%&*$+"G</+&+3"-%"4+,"*<+4%,",<1=%&"';-+,"4+,"-$M%1,+,"7;,$5$
4$-+-%,"-%"4;"G</+&;3"&;,"+*%1*+&"+"-%,*<51$1"4+"*;&'1+-$**$P&"$&G%1%&'%"%&"%4"
G;/51%NZ]"."71$/%1+"M$,'+"1%,+4'+"b<%"0,'%3"7;1"4;"b<%"1%,7%*'+"+",<"*<%17;"9"+"
,<,"O<&*$;&%,"),$;4P=$*+,3"7%1'%&%*%"+4"1%$&;"+&$/+4N">$&"%/5+1=;3"+"-$O%1%&*$+"
-%4"1%,';"-%"%44;,"y*<9+"%L$,'%&*$+"%,"<&+"%L$,'%&*$+"+1/P&$*+"*;&"4+"&+'<1+4%a+"
9"*<9+"*;&-<*'+"%,'`"-%'%1/$&+-+"7;1"4;,"$&,'$&';,y"%4"G;/51%"7+1%*%"%,'+1"
,%7+1+-;"-%"4+"&+'<1+4%a+"9",<"%b<$7;"$&,'$&'$M;"1%,<4'+"$&*;/74%';"%"$&,<)*$%&'%"
7+1+"+,%=<1+14%"4+",<7%1M$M%&*$+3"*;&M$1'$0&-;,%"+,(3"5$;4P=$*+/%&'%"G+54+&-;3"
%&"%4"+&$/+4"/`,"-%,M+4$-;"9"O1`=$4NZ_"6&"%4"/;/%&';"%&"b<%"%4"G;/51%",%"
7;&%"-%"7$%3",%"%/+&*$7+"-%"4+"&+'<1+4%a+?"-$,/$&<9%"&;'+54%/%&'%"%4",%&'$-;"
/`,"7;-%1;,;"b<%"4;"7;&(+"%&"%,'+-;"+1/P&$*;"*;&"+b<044+?"%4";4O+';3"9"+</%&'+3"
*;/7%&,+';1$+/%&'%3"%4"'+/+8;"9"*;/74%\$-+-"-%",<"/+,+"%&*%O`4$*+N":;1"%,;3"
U1;//"*;&*4<9%"b<%"%4"G;/51%"%,"<&"O%&P/%&;"&<%M;"%&"4+"&+'<1+4%a+3"7<%,"
“es el primate que apareció en el punto de la evolución en que la determinación
$&,'$&'$M+"G+5(+"44%=+-;"+4"/(&$/;"9"%4"-%,+11;44;"-%4"*%1%51;"+4"/`L$/;jNZ[
64"-%,+11;44;"9"4+"*;/74%\$-+-"-%4"*%1%51;"%,"4+"*4+M%"5$;4P=$*+"-%"4+",<7%1M$
vencia de la especie humana: si la ausencia de determinación instintiva parecía 7;&%1"+4"G;/51%"%&"<&+"7;,$*$P&",</+/%&'%"O1`=$4"9"-%,M+4$-+"1%,7%*';"-%"4+,"
;'1+,"%,7%*$%,3"%&"%,+"/$,/+"-%5$4$-+-"5$;4P=$*+"%,"-;&-%"1+-$*+"4+"*;&-$*$P&"
-%",<"O<%1a+3"=1+*$+,"+",<"*%1%51;NZm"64"G;/51%3"*;/;"4;,"-%/`,"+&$/+4%,3"'$%&%"
$&'%4$=%&*$+"b<%"4%"7%1/$'%"1%+4$a+1"71;*%,;,"/%&'+4%,"7+1+"*;&,%=<$1";5\%'$
M;,"$&/%-$+';,3"%&";1-%&"+"4;"71`*'$*;"7+1+",;51%M$M$1N":%1;"4+,"/;-$)*+*$;&%,"
*%1%51+4%,"4%"G+&"-;'+-;"-%"7+1'$*<4+1$-+-%,"%&'%1+/%&'%"&<%M+,?"4+"1+aP&"9"4+"
*;&*$%&*$+"-%",("/$,/;3"*<+4$-+-%,"/%&'+4%,"-%"4+,"b<%"*+1%*%&"4;,"+&$/+4%,NZn
ZZ" 6N"U1;//3"V84'1&+&*.4'#159-4.4.3"7N"]n]N
Z]" :+1+"U1;//"%,'%"+5;1-+\%"&;",%"1%+4$a+"9+"-%,-%"%,7%*<4+*$P&"/%'+O(,$*+3",$&;"-%4"%L+/%&"
-%"4;,"-+';,"-%"4+"+&'1;7;4;=(+3"4+"G$,';1$+3"4+"7,$*;4;=(+"-%4"&$8;"9"4+"7,$*;7+';4;=(+"$&-$M$-<+4"9"
,;*$+4N"H6N"U1;//3"La revolución de la esperanza…3"7N"nkNI"
Z_" 6N"U1;//3"Psicoanálisis de la sociedad contemporánea|3"77N"]nJ]kN"6&";'1;"'1+5+\;"G%"
+&+4$a+-;"%4"'%/+"-%"4+"$&,<)*$%&*$+"%L$,'%&*$+4";"-%,M+4$/$%&';"),$;4P=$*;3"*;/;"*;&-$*$P&"-%4"
7%&,+/$%&';"1+*$;&+4"9"-%"4+"*<4'<1+3"5+,+-;"%&"4+"M%1,$P&"74+'P&$*+"-%4"*04%51%"/$';"-%":1;/%'%;"
H:4+'P&3"Protágoras3"{_]^*J_]_á}3"A49-#;#.N"K+-1$-3"T1%-;,3"]^^^3"I3"77N"_llJ_o]I"BN"B$M+,3"iK%
'`O;1+"9"/%&'$1+N".71;L$/+*$P&"+4"*;&*%7';"-%"*<4'<1+"%&"Q$%'a,*G%j3"%&"Intersticios3"+8;"Z_3"&Y/N"
]oN"K0L$*;3"]^^l3"77N"Z^ZJZZ[N
Z[" 6N"U1;//3"Anatomía de la destructividad humanaN"lá"%-N"K0L$*;3">$=4;"ffC3"Zol_3"7N"]]oN
Zm" SN".N":01%a"V+7$+,3"op. citN3"7N"Zl^N
Zn" ."-%*$1"-%"U1;//3"04"/$,/;"*;/7+1'%"%,'+";7$&$P&"*;&"-;,"-%,'+*+-;,"$&M%,'$=+-;1%,"%&"%4"
*+/7;"-%"4+"%M;4<*$P&"G</+&+3",<,"*;&'%/7;1`&%;,?"UN"KN"E%1=;<&$;<L3"7+4%;&'P4;=;3"9"%4"a;P4;
=;"9"=%&%'$,'+"VN"D;5a+G+&,c9N"H6N"U1;//3"Anatomía de la destructividad humana3"77N"]__J]_[NI
61$*G"U1;//?"5+,%,"7+1+"<&+"+&'1;7;4;=(+"7+1+-P\$*+" Z^o 2+"71$/%1+",<7%1+"4+"$&'%4$=%&*$+"$&,'1</%&'+43"7<%,"4%"-+"*+7+*$-+-"-%"+74$*+1"
,<"7%&,+/$%&';"+"4+"*;/71%&,$P&";5\%'$M+"y%,"-%*$13"&;",P4;"*;&;*%"4;,";5\%
';,3",$&;",+5%"b<%"4;,"*;&;*%yN":;1"4+",%=<&-+3"7<%-%"*;&;*%1,%"+",("/$,/;"
9"+"4;,";'1;,"*;/;"'+4%,3",%"-+"*<%&'+"-%",<"$/7;1'+&*$+"9"-%"4+,"4$/$'+*$;&%,"
-%",<"%L$,'%&*$+"93")&+4/%&'%3"M$,4</51+",<"71;7$;")&?"4+"/<%1'%NZk Se puede
*;/71;5+13"-%"%,'%"/;-;3"*P/;"i4+"+<';*;&*$%&*$+3"4+"1+aP&"9"4+"$/+=$&+*$P&"
1;/7$%1;&"4+"+1/;&(+"b<%"*+1+*'%1$a+"4+"%L$,'%&*$+"-%4"+&$/+4jNZl
2+"71$&*$7+4"*;&'1+-$**$P&"-%"4+"%L$,'%&*$+"G</+&+"%,"4+",$=<$%&'%?"%4"G;/51%"
,%"G+"-%"%&O1%&'+1"+4"*;&g$*';"-%",%1"<&+"7+1'%"-%"4+"&+'<1+4%a+"9",%13",$&"%/
5+1=;3"<&+"1+1%a+"-%"4+"/$,/+3"7;1b<%"%,'`",%7+1+-;"-%"%44+N"6,'`",;/%'$-;"+"
,<,"4%9%,"O(,$*+,"9"&;"7<%-%"/;-$)*+14+,"93"+4"/$,/;"'$%/7;3"trasciende a todo
%4"1%,';"-%"4+"&+'<1+4%a+",$%&-;"7+1'%"-%"%44+3"%,'`"+7+1'%N"Q<&*+",%"M%"4$51%"
-%" 4+" -$*;';/(+" -%" ,<" %L$,'%&*$+?" &;" 7<%-%" 4$5%1+1,%" -%" ,<" /%&'%" +<&b<%"
b<$%1+3"9"&;"7<%-%"4$5%1+1,%"-%",<"*<%17;"/$%&'1+,"M$M+"y9"0,'%"4%"$/7<4,+"+"
desear la vidayN"2+"1+aP&3"b<%"%,"4+"5%&-$*$P&"-%4"G;/51%3"7+1+-P\$*+/%&'%"
,%"*;&M$%1'%"'+/5$0&"%&",<"/+4-$*$P&3"7<%,"4%"G+*%"*;&,*$%&'%"9"4%";54$=+"+"
4<*G+1"*;&,'+&'%/%&'%"7+1+"1%,;4M%1"%,'+"*;&'1+-$**$P&"$&,;4<54%N"
."-$O%1%&*$+"-%"4;,"+&$/+4%,3"%4"G;/51%"&;"7<%-%"M$M$1",<"M$-+"1%7$'$%&-;"4;,"
7+'1;&%,"-%",<"%,7%*$%3",$&;"b<%"04"'$%&%"b<%"M$M$14+N"64"+&$/+4"%,'`",+'$,O%*G;",$"
,<,"&%*%,$-+-%,"),$;4P=$*+,",;&",+'$,O%*G+,3"7%1;"4+",+'$,O+**$P&"-%"0,'+, no 5+,'+"7+1+"G+*%1"O%4$a"+4"G;/51%3"9+"b<%",<,"&%*%,$-+-%,"/`,"$&'%&,+,"&;",;&"
4+,"%&1+$a+-+,"%&",<"*<%17;3",$&;"%&"4+"7%*<4$+1$-+-"/$,/+"-%",<"%L$,'%&*$+N"D%"
+G("b<%"%4"G;/51%",%+"%4"Y&$*;"+&$/+4"7+1+"%4"b<%",<"71;7$+"%L$,'%&*$+"*;&,'$
'<9%"<&"71;54%/+"-%4"*<+4"&;"7<%-%"%M+-$1,%N"6,"%4"Y&$*;"b<%"7<%-%",%&'$1,%"
%L7<4,+-;"-%4"7+1+(,;NZo"6,"71$,$;&%1;"-%4"-1+/+"+4"b<%"4%"%&O1%&'+&",<"1+aP&"
9"+<';*;&*$%&*$+3"7%1;"'$%&%"b<%",%=<$1"-%,+11;44+&-;",<"1+aP&"G+,'+"G+*%1,%"
-<%8;"-%"4+"&+'<1+4%a+"9"-%",("/$,/;N"2+"*;&'1+-$**$P&"O<&-+/%&'+4"&;"7<%-%"
M%1,%"*;/;"<&+"/%1+"*;&'1+1$%-+-"%&'1%"7;4;,"%,'`'$*+/%&'%"+$,4+-;,",$&;"b<%"
,<1=%"%&"4+,"*;&-$*$;&%,"%,7%*()*+,"-%"4+"%L$,'%&*$+"G</+&+"9"%,'`"%&'1%'%
\$0&-;,%"*;&,'+&'%/%&'%"%&"/%-$;"-%"%44+N"2+,"*;&'1+-$**$;&%,"-%1$M+-+,"-%"
0,'+",;&"$&%4<-$54%,"9"7;1"'+&';"$11%&<&*$+54%,N"2;"b<%",(",%"7<%-%"9",%"-%5%3"
es reaccionar ante ellas de manera que se potencien hacia un camino que 7%1/$'+"%4"'1`&,$';"-%"4+"G;/$&$a+*$P&"+"4+"G</+&$a+*$P&N"2+"*+1%&*$+";1$=$&+1$+"
Zk" X0+,%" 4+," ;51+," -%" 6N" U1;//3" El humanismo como utopía realN" K0L$*;3" :+$-P,3" Zool3"
7N"Z^o"El corazón del hombre...3"7N"Z_m Anatomía de la destructividad humana3"7N"]_^"V84'1&+&
psicoanálisis3"7N"m_N
Zl" #;&,Y4'%&,%",<,"4$51;,?"Psicoanálisis de la sociedad contemporánea3"7N"]k"9&V84'1&+&*.4
coanálisis3"7N"m].
Zo" 6N"U1;//3"Psicoanálisis de la sociedad contemporánea3"77N"]lJ]oN
ZZ^" B$*+1-;"KN"B$M+,"T+1*(+
H'+/5$0&"44+/+-+"i&%=+'$M$-+-";1$=$&+1$+jI"$&,%1'+"%&"4+"*;&'1+-$**$P&"%L$,'%&*$+4"
-%,*1$'+",%"71%,%&'+"%&"<&+"-;54%"M%1'$%&'%?"7;1"<&+"7+1'%"*;/;"-%,M%&'+\+"
O1%&'%"+"4+"&+'<1+4%a+"93"7;1";'1+3"*;/;"*;&-$*$P&"-%"7;,$5$4$-+-"-%4"*+<-+4"-%"
4+,"7;'%&*$+4$-+-%,"71;7$+,"-%"4+"*;&-$*$P&"G</+&+N"D%,-%"&<%,'1;"7<&';"-%"
M$,'+3",;&"0,'+,"4+,"b<%"G+*%&"7;,$54%"-$*G;"'1`&,$';"G+*$+"4+"G</+&$a+*$P&N :%1;"*<+&-;"+"%,'+"71$/%1+"&%=+'$M$-+-",%"4%"+8+-%"<&+",%=<&-+"y$&-<*$-+"
,;*$+4/%&'%" 7;1" 4+," %,'1<*'<1+,3" 4+," 71`*'$*+," ;" %4" /;-;" -%" M$-+" M$=%&'%,y"
b<%";5,'1<9+"%4"-%,74$%=<%"-%"4+,"7;'%&*$+4$-+-%,"7;,$'$M+,"7;1"4+"$/7;,$*$P&"
-%" *$%1'+," -$,O<&*$;&+4$-+-%," b<%" =%&%1+&" ,<O1$/$%&';3" +&=<,'$+3" /+4%,'+13"
/$%-;3"-;4;13"*+5%"G+54+1"-%"<&+"+4$%&+*$P&"G$,'P1$*+3"%&"*<9+"'%&,$P&"%,"-$O(
*$4/%&'%"M$+54%"<&"-%,+11;44;"G</+&$a+&'%N]^ Tal alienación surge a la par de 4+"G$,';1$+3"*;&"%4"71$/%1"+*';"-%"4$5%1'+-3"*<+&-;"%4"G;/51%"*;1'P"4;,"M(&*<4;,"
b<%"4;"<&(+&"*;&"4+"&+'<1+4%a+N]Z">$"5$%&",%";5,%1M+"%&"4+"G$,';1$+"<&+"*;&,
'+&'%"'%&-%&*$+"%/+&*$7+-;1+3"0,'+"/$,/+3"7+1+-P\$*+/%&'%3",%"M%"+O%*'+-+"
7;1"/Y4'$74%,"1%4+*$;&%,"-%"-;/$&$;"b<%"4%",+4%&"+4"7+,;3"-%"/+&%1+"b<%"4;,"
4;=1;,"%/+&*$7+-;1%,",%"M%&"+*;/7+8+-;,"7;1"&<%M+,"O;1/+,"-%"-;/$&$;"9"
+4$%&+*$P&N"2+"G$,';1$+"-%"4+"G</+&$-+-"%,3"-%"%,'%"/;-;3"G$,';1$+"-%"4$5%1'+-"
%" G$,';1$+" -%" +4$%&+*$P&3" 9" %,'%" +&'+=;&$,/;" -%" '%&-%&*$+," ;7<%,'+," %," %4"
b<%"7%1/$'%"G+54+1"-%"*;&'1+-$**$;&%,"G$,'P1$*+,N"U1;//"4+,"-$,'$&=<%"-%"4+,"
*;&'1+-$**$;&%,"%L$,'%&*$+4%,"y*;&=0&$'+,"+4"G;/51%"%"$&%4<-$54%,y3"7<%,",%"
71%,%&'+&"%&"-%'%1/$&+-;,"/;/%&';,"-%"4+"%M;4<*$P&"*<4'<1+43"9",%"-%5%&"+"
*+<,+,"$=<+4/%&'%"-%'%1/$&+-+,N"2+,"*;&'1+-$**$;&%,"G$,'P1$*+,"&;"*;&,'$'<9%&3"
7<%,3"<&+"7+1'%"&%*%,+1$+"-%"4+"M$-+"G</+&+3",$&;"b<%",;&";51+"-%4"G;/51%N]]
64"1%*;&;*$/$%&';"-%"4+"7+1+-P\$*+"*;&-$*$P&"G</+&+"93"+4"/$,/;"'$%/7;3"-%"
,<"*+7+*$-+-"7+1+"-%,74%=+1",<,"7;'%&*$+4$-+-%,3",;&"&%*%,+1$+,"7+1+"b<%"%4"
G;/51%",%+"*+7+a"-%"=+1+&'$a+1,%"0L$';"%&"4+"+*<*$+&'%"'+1%+"-%",%1"04"/$,/;"
7+1+",("/$,/;"9"+4*+&a+1"4+"O%4$*$-+-"7;1"/%-$;"-%"4+"1%+4$a+*$P&"74%&+"-%"4+,"
O+*<4'+-%,"7+1'$*<4+1%,"9"+4"/$,/;"'$%/7;"4<*G+1"7;1"4+"%/+&*$7+*$P&"-%"%,+,"
*;&'1+-$**$;&%,"G$,'P1$*+,N
]^" SN".N":01%a"V+7$+,3"op. citN3""77N"]__J]_[N
]Z" 6N"U1;//3"Y seréis como dioses3"7N"nkN
]]" SN".N":01%a"V+7$+,3"op. citN3"77N"]_]J]__N"
61$*G"U1;//?"5+,%,"7+1+"<&+"+&'1;7;4;=(+"7+1+-P\$*+" ZZZ Las dos tendencias frommianas:
89".17"':*+*8;$,%.17"':
64"*;&,'+&'%"%,'+-;"-%"-%,%b<$4$51$;"-%"4+"%L$,'%&*$+"G</+&+"=%&%1+"&%*%,$
-+-%,"b<%"%&"/<*G;",;51%7+,+&"+b<044+,"-%1$M+-+,"-%",<";1$=%&"+&$/+4N":;1"
<&+"7+1'%3"4+"*;&'1+-$**$P&"%,%&*$+4"-%",<"71;7$+"%L$,'%&*$+";54$=+"+4"G;/51%"+"
5<,*+1"<&+",;4<*$P&"+"%44+N":;1";'1+3",<"1+aP&"%"$/+=$&+*$P&"4%"%L$=%&";1$%&'+1,%"
$&'%4%*'<+4/%&'%"%&"%4"/<&-;N"6,'+,"&%*%,$-+-%,"-+&"4<=+1"+"<&+"'%&-%&*$+"
+"1%,'+<1+1"%4"%,'+-;"-%"%b<$4$51$;"9"-%"<&$-+-"%&'1%"04"/$,/;3"4;,"-%/`,"9"%4"
1%,';"-%"4+"&+'<1+4%a+N"64"G;/51%"&;"%,"<&+"*;,+3",$&;"<&",%1"M$M$%&'%"b<%"%,'`"
%&"<&"*;&'$&<;"71;*%,;"-%"-%,+11;44;3"%&"*+-+"7<&';"-%",<"M$-+"+Y&"&;"%,"';-;"
4;"b<%"7<%-%",%1N D%"%,'%"/;-;3"+4"G;/51%",P4;"4%"b<%-+"5<,*+1"4+"<&$)*+*$P&"
-%" ,<" %L$,'%&*$+" %&" ,<" 71;7$;" %,O<%1a;" 71;-<*'$M;3" 7<%," -%" ;'1+" /+&%1+" ,<"
+<';%L'$&*$P&",%1`"$&/$&%&'%N]_
6,'%"$&'%&';"-%"1%,'+<1+*$P&"4;"G+*%"%&"71$/%1"4<=+13"7;1"/%-$;"-%"4+"1+aP&3"4+"
*<+4"O+*<4'+"+4"G;/51%"7+1+"*;&,'1<$1"<&"*<+-1;"/%&'+4"$&*4<,$M;"-%4"/<&-;"b<%"
4%",$1M%"*;/;"/+1*;"-%"1%O%1%&*$+"7+1+"-+1"1%,7<%,'+"+4"71;54%/+"-%"-P&-%"
%,'`"9"b<0"%,"4;"b<%"-%5%"G+*%1N"6&",%=<&-;"4<=+13"7<%,';"b<%"%,"<&+"%&'$-+-"
-;'+-+"-%"*<%17;"9"/%&'%3"G+"-%"1%+**$;&+1"+&'%"4+"-$*;';/(+"-%",<"%L$,'%&*$+"
&;",P4;"7%&,+&-;3",$&;"*;&"%4"71;*%,;"';'+4"-%"4+"M$-+3"*;&",<,",%&'$/$%&';,"9"
,<,"+**$;&%,N"D%"+b<("b<%"';-;",$,'%/+",+'$,O+*';1$;"-%";1$%&'+*$P&"*;&'$%&%"
&;",P4;"%4%/%&';,"$&'%4%*'<+4%,3",$&;"'+/5$0&",%&,;1$+4%,"9",%&'$/%&'+4%,3"b<%"
,%"/+&$)%,'+&"%&"4+"1%4+*$P&"*;&"<&";5\%';"-%"-%M;*$P&";"M$&*<4+*$P&"+O%*'$M+N"
2+"-%M;*$P&"+"<&+"/%'+";"<&+"$-%+";"+"<&"7;-%1"b<%"'1+,*$%&-+"+4"G;/51%3"%,"
<&+"%L71%,$P&"-%"%,'+"&%*%,$-+-"-%"74%&$'<-"%&"%4"71;*%,;"-%"M$M$1N][
.4"%&O1%&'+1,%"+"<&+"*;&'1+-$**$P&"b<%"4;"G<&-%"%&"4+"-%,G</+&$a+*$P&3"%4"
G;/51%"&;"7<%-%"7%1/+&%*%1"7+,$M;3",$&;"b<%"%&'1+"%&"+**$P&"+")&"-%"1%,;4
M%14+N"#<+&';"/`,"<&+",;*$%-+-"4;"/<'$4+3"'+&';"/`,"0,'%"%,'`"-$,*;&O;1/%3"
9"4+"/$,/+"-$,*;&O;1/$-+-"%,"%4"/;';1"b<%"4%"$/7<4,+"%M%&'<+4/%&'%"+"*+/5$+1"
4+,"O;1/+,",;*$+4%,"b<%"4;"/<'$4+&N"64"G;/51%",$%/71%"G+"1%+**$;&+-;"*;&'1+"
+b<%44+,"*;&-$*$;&%,"b<%"4%"G+*%&"$&';4%1+54%"%4"-%,%b<$4$51$;"%&'1%"%4";1-%&",;*$+4"
9"4+,"&%*%,$-+-%,"G</+&+,N"V;-;"71;=1%,;"G</+&;",%"-%5%"+"%,'%"G%*G;N"Q;"
,%"'1+'+"-%"b<%"%4"G;/51%"'%&=+"<&+"'%&-%&*$+"G</+&+"+4"71;=1%,;3",$&;"b<%"
lo impulsa la necesidad de resolver las contradicciones que se replantea en
*+-+"&<%M+"%'+7+"-%"-%,+11;44;N"2+"&%*%,$-+-"-%"<&+"%,'1<*'<1+";1$%&'+-;1+",%"
]_" 6N"U1;//3"El amor a la vida3"7N"]]]N
][" X0+&,%" ,<," ;51+,?" Psicoanálisis de la sociedad contemporánea3" 77N" moJn^" 9" ~'$*+" 9"
7,$*;+&`4$,$,3"7N"n^.
ZZ]" B$*+1-;"KN"B$M+,"T+1*(+
/+&$)%,'+"7;1"4+,"71;7$+,"'%&-%&*$+,"b<%",%";5,%1M+&"%&"4+"*;&-<*'+"G</+&+"
+"4;"4+1=;"-%"4+"G$,';1$+N
2+"+4'%1&+'$M+"O<&-+/%&'+4"-%"<&+"%,'1<*'<1+";1$%&'+-;1+",<7;&%3"$/74(*$
'+/%&'%3" 4+" %4%**$P&" %&'1%" 4+" M$-+" 9" 4+" /<%1'%3" *;&,$-%1+&-;" 0,';," no como
%,'+-;,"5$;4P=$*;,3",$&;"*;/;"%,'+-;,"-%",%13"*;/;"/;-;,"-%"1%4+*$;&+1,%"*;&"
%4"/<&-;3"*;&"4;,"-%/`,"9"*;&,$=;"/$,/;N"6&"%,'%",%&'$-;3"4+"M$-+",$=&$)*+"<&"
*+/5$;"*;&,'+&'%3"+"4+"/+&%1+"-%"<&"&+*$/$%&';"*;&'$&<;N"2+"/<%1'%",$=&$)*+3"
7;1" %4" *;&'1+1$;3" <&" *%,%" %&" %4" -%,+11;44;3" -%\+1" -%" %M;4<*$;&+13" <&+" '%-$;,+"
1%7%'$*$P&N]m"64%=$1"%&'1%"4+"M$-+"9"4+"/<%1'%"$/74$*+3"%&"Y4'$/;,"'01/$&;,3";7'+1"
%&'1%"*1%+'$M$-+-"9"-%,'1<*'$M$-+-3"%&'1%"%b<$4$51$;"9"M$;4%&*$+3"1%+4$-+-"9"%&=+8;3"
;5\%'$M$-+-"%"$&';4%1+&*$+3"O1+'%1&$-+-"9"-;/$&$;3"4$5%1'+-"9";71%,$P&3"%/+&*$7+
*$P&"9"+4$%&+*$P&3"$&-%7%&-%&*$+"9",;/%'$/$%&';3"71;=1%,;"9"1%=1%,$P&3"9"b<$a`"
;7'+1"7;1"4+"=1+&"%&*1<*$\+-+"-%"&<%,'1;"'$%/7;?"G</+&$a+*$P&";"5+15+1$%N
>%"G+"+)1/+-;"-%,-%"%4"7<&';"-%"4+"5$;4;=(+"b<%3")4;=%&0'$*+/%&'%3"4+,"
71$/%1+,"O;1/+,"-%";1=+&$a+*$P&"7;1",%4%**$P&"&+'<1+4"9"7;1"7;,%%1"4+,"*+1+*
'%1(,'$*+,"/%\;1"%,'1<*'<1+-+,"b<(/$*+/%&'%3",%=<(+&"<&"*<1,;"%&"4+"g%*G+"-%4"
'$%/7;"G+*$+"/`,"%,'1<*'<1+"9"/%\;1"O<&*$P&?"%4"1%b<$,$';"%1+",;51%M$M$1N"s",<1=%"
4+"71%=<&'+?"p7+1+"b<0",;51%M$M$1r3"p7;1"b<0"4+"M$-+3"+"-$O%1%&*$+"-%"4+"/<%1'%r"
2+" M$-+" -%5%" 71%M+4%*%1N">(3"*;/;" 1%5%4-(+3" %&'1%" /`," M$-+3" /%&;," /<%1'%"
%&'1%"/`,"M$-+"/+9;1"7;,$5$4$-+-"-%"%,*+7+1"-%"4+"/+'%1$+3"+,("4+"*;&&;'+*$P&"
M$'+4"9+"&;"%,",P4;"/+'%1$+3"%,"+4=;"-$O%1%&'%"b<%"7;-1(+/;,"44+/+1"%,7(1$'<";"
%&%1=(+3"%,"<&+"&<%M+"71;7$%-+-3"+\%&+3"*;&'1+-$*';1$+"9"G+,'+"+&'+=P&$*+"+"4;"
<&$M%1,+4"b<%"O<%",<"*1%+*$P&3"*;/;"M$/;,"+"71;7P,$';"-%"4+"7+1+-;\+"G</+&+N U1%<-"%&"El malestar en la cultura3]n"G+5(+"+7;1'+-;"4+"*;&*%7'<+4$a+*$P&"
-%"-;,"'$7;,"-%"7<4,$;&%,"%&"4+"M$-+"+&(/$*+N"A&+,"5<,*+&"*;&-<*$1"+4",%1"M$M;"
G+,'+"4+"/<%1'%3"9"4+,"44+/+"i7<4,$;&%,"-%"/<%1'%j";"ThánatosN"2+,";'1+,",%1(+&"
4+," 7<4,$;&%," 4$5$-$&+4%," ;" -%" 4+" M$-+3" *;&;*$-+," *;/;" Eros3" *<9;" 71;7P,$';"
,%1(+"*;&)=<1+13"+"7+1'$1"-%"4+",<,'+&*$+"M$M+3"<&$-+-%,"*+-+"M%a"/+9;1%,"7+1+"
;5'%&%1"+,("4+"7%1-<1+*$P&"-%"4+"M$-+"9"*;&-<*$14+"+"-%,+11;44;,"*+-+"M%a"/`,"
+4';,N"U1;//"-%,+11;44+"%4"*;&*%7';"-%"J4#,-41&—que podría compararse con Erosy"9"4+"*;&,$-%1+"*;/;"<&+"'%&-%&*$+"+"*;&,%1M+1"4+"M$-+"9"+"4<*G+1"*;&'1+"
4+"/<%1'%N":+1+"04"4+"M$-+"%,"+*1%*%&'+/$%&';"-%"/;-;"%,'1<*'<1+4N"A&$)*+*$P&"
9"*1%*$/$%&';"$&'%=1+-;",;&"+'1$5<';,"-%"';-;,"4;,"71;*%,;,"M$'+4%,3"&;",P4;"7;1"
4;"b<%"*;&*$%1&%"+"4+,"*04<4+,3",$&;"'+/5$0&"*;&"1%,7%*';"+4",%&'$/$%&';"9"%4"
7%&,+/$%&';N"#;/;"%\%/74;",%"7<%-%"+4<-$1"+"4+"'%&-%&*$+"&+'<1+4"O;1/+-+"+"4;"
4+1=;"-%4"-%,+11;44;"G$,'P1$*;?"4+"'%&-%&*$+"+"4+"<&$P&N"2+"<&$P&",%L<+4",%"5+,P"%&"
]m" 6N"U1;//3"V84'1&+&*.4'#159-4.4.3"7NZ[mN
]n" >N" U1%<-3" i64" /+4%,'+1" %&" 4+" *<4'<1+j3" %&" Obras completas ]P_[`OP_XP^3" M;4N XXI. Buenos .$1%,3"./;11;1'<3"ZoknN
61$*G"U1;//?"5+,%,"7+1+"<&+"+&'1;7;4;=(+"7+1+-P\$*+" ZZ_
4+"+'1+**$P&"-%"4;,"7;4;,"/+,*<4$&;"9"O%/%&$&;N"6&"%44;"1%,$-%"y,%=Y&"U1;//"
%"$&-$1%*'+/%&'%"%&"U1%<-y"%4"74+*%1"/`,"$&'%&,;?"4+"O<,$P&"9"*1%+*$P&"-%"<&"
,%1"&<%M;N":+1+"U1;//3"%4"*$*4;"-%"4+"M$-+"%,"<&$P&3"&+*$/$%&';"9"*1%*$/$%&';3"
+,("*;/;"%4"*$*4;"-%"4+"/<%1'%"%,"*%,+*$P&"-%"*1%*$/$%&';3"-%,$&'%=1+*$P&"9"
-%,*;/7;,$*$P&N]k
6&';&*%,3"+"4+";1$%&'+*$P&"b<%"'$%&-%"+"*;&,%1M+1"4+"M$-+3"U1;//"4+"-%&;/$
&+"'%&-%&*$+"5$P)4+"H5$;)4$+3"5$;O(4$*+I"9"+"4+";7<%,'+3"4+"b<%"'$%&-%"+"-%,'1<$14+3"
'%&-%&*$+"&%*1P)4+"H&%*1;)4$+3"&%*1;O(4$*+IN]l"2+";1$%&'+*$P&"5$P)4+",%"/+&$)%,'+"
71$&*$7+4/%&'%"%&"<&"-;54%"+,7%*';?"%4"71$/%1;3"%&"*<+&';"+"4+"'%&-%&*$+"+"M$M$1"
9"+"*;/5+'$1"4+"/<%1'%"%4",%=<&-;3"%&"*<+&';"+"4+"'%&-%&*$+"-%"$&'%=1+1"9"<&$13"9"
%&"%,'%",%&'$-;"'$%&-%"+"<&$1,%"*;&"%&'$-+-%,"-$O%1%&'%,"9";7<%,'+,3"9"+"*1%*%1"
-%"<&"/;-;"%,'1<*'<1+4N"V+4"$&'%=1+*$P&"-%"<&$)*+*$P&"9"*1%*$/$%&';"%,"*+1+*'%
1(,'$*+"-%"';-;,"4;,"71;*%,;,"M$'+4%,N":;1",<"7+1'%3"4+";1$%&'+*$P&"&%*1P)4+"%,"4+"
Y&$*+"1%,7<%,'+"+"4+"M$-+"b<%"%,'`"%&"*;/74%'+";7;,$*$P&"*;&"%44+?",%"$&*4$&+"7;1"
4+"M$;4%&*$+"9"4+"-%,'1<**$P&3"4%"+'1+%"71;O<&-+/%&'%"4+"/<%1'%"9"+-;1+"4+"O<%1a+N"
64"&%*1P)4;"+/+"';-;"4;"b<%"&;"*1%*%3"';-;"4;"b<%"%,"/%*`&$*;N"B%-<*%"';-;"
H71;*%,;,3",%&'$/$%&';,"9"7%&,+/$%&';,"-%"M$-+I"+"*;,+,"b<%"7<%-%"7;,%%1"9"
*;&'1;4+13"7<%,"%&"%4"+*';"-%"*;&'1;4+1"/+'+"4+"M$-+N":;1"%,;",<,"M+4;1%,",<71%
/;,",;&"4+";5%-$%&*$+"9"4+"+4$%&+*$P&N"2;"b<%"*<%&'+"7+1+"%,'+";1$%&'+*$P&"&;"
%,"%4",%13",$&;"%4"'%&%1N
D%"+*<%1-;"*;&"4;"+&'%1$;13",%"%&'$%&-%"b<%"%&"%4",%1"G</+&;"%,'0"4+"7;
,$5$4$-+-" -%" $&*4$&+1,%" '+&';" G+*$+" 4+" 5$;)4$+" *;/;" G+*$+" 4+" &%*1;)4$+N]o" ~,'+,"
*;&,'$'<9%&" %,'1<*'<1+," -%" ,%&'$-;" +&'%" 4+," *<+4%," %4" ,%1" G</+&;" &;" 7<%-%"
,<,'1+%1,%N":%1;",$"&;"7<%-%"%,*+7+1"-%"0,'+,3"p7;1"b<0"%,"&%*%,+1$;"';/+1"
7+1'$-;"7;1"+4=<&+r">%"$&)%1%"b<%"4+,"'%&-%&*$+,"5$P)4+,"'$%&%&"b<%"$/7;&%1,%"
,;51%"4+,"&%*1P)4+,"7;1b<%"%,'`&"1%O%1$-+,"+"4+"71;/;*$P&3"+*1%*%&'+/$%&';"9"
-%,+11;44;"-%"4+"M$-+"G</+&+3"+"4+"/+&%1+"-%4"*;&*%7';";&';4P=$*;",7$&;a$+&;"-%4"
connatus"G+*$+"4+"*;&,%1M+*$P&"9"'+/5$0&"G+*$+"%4"+*1%*%&'+/$%&';"H';-;"4;"M$M;"
b<$%1%"M$M$1IN"B%*;1-%/;,"b<%"7+1+">7$&;a+"i%L$,'%"<&"(/7%'<"<&$M%1,+4"-%"todo lo que es a preservar en el serjN _^"@+9"<&+"'%&-%&*$+"<&$M%1,+4"9"&+'<1+4"%&'1%"
]k" BN">;4+&+3"i61;,";"E$;)4$+j3"%&"Revista Intercontinental de Psicología y Educación3"M;4N"l3"
&Y/N"]3"\<4$;J-$*$%/51%"-%"]^^n3"77N"Zn_JZnmN
]l" 6N"U1;//3"El corazón del hombre...3"77N"[^J[lN
]o" 6N"U1;//3"La revolución de la esperanza|3"77N"omJolN
_^" EN">7$&;a+3"V84'1&2)"#.8$121&.);a5&)-&#$2)5&;)#"U8$4'#3"7+1'%"III3"71;7;,$*$P&"VI."K+-1$-3"
F15$,3"Zol^3"77N"Z_^"9",,N"6,'%"connatus ;5%-%*%"+"<&+"'%&-%&*$+"1+*$;&+4"-%"4+"Y&$*+",<5,'+&*$+3"
D$;,";"4+"Q+'<1+4%a+N"6,'%"74+&'%+/$%&';",%"7<%-%"4%%1"*;&"*$%1';"+$1%"-%"O+/$4$+"*;&"4+"*+'%=;1(+"
*%&'1+4"-%4"7%&,+/$%&';"-%".N">*G%7%&G+<%13"+",+5%1?"4+"*;&*%7*$P&"-%"i4+"M;4<&'+-"-%"M$M$1j3"%,';"
%,3"4+"O<%1a+";"M;4<&'+-"<&$M%1,+4"b<%"'$%&%"*;/;";5\%';"-%",<"b<%1%1"4+"M$-+"%,"<&"*$%=;"$/7<4,;"
*P,/$*;"$11+*$;&+4"b<%"-;/$&+"';-+"4+"&+'<1+4%a+"9",%"/+&$)%,'+"%&"';-;,",<,"-;/$&$;,3"7%1,$=<$%&-;"