BOLETÍN nº4 julio 2014

BOLETÍN

nº4 julio 2014

Editado por:

Asociación de Educación Ambiental El Bosque

Animado (AEA BA)

Periodicidad anual

Editor responsable:

Florent Prunier

Consejo editorial

David Chelmick, Adolfo Cordero, Martin Schorr

Colaboran en este nº:

Christrophe Brochard, Enrique Calzado, Javier Ripoll, Silvia Saldaña

Contacto: aeaelbosqueanimado. [email protected] Portada: Onychogomphus costae (larva) - Christrophe Brochard y Río Vascão (Algarve, Portugal) - Nuno

de Santos Loureiro

ISSN: 2254-5727 Depósito Legal:

1

EDITORIAL

Three very important papers in this issue. It is hard to believe

that one of the most important wetland habitats in Europe

and a key Ramsar site has never had a comprehensive

survey of its dragonflies. The survey published here gives

cause for concern as there appears to be a considerable

reduction in species in recent years. Dragonflies are key

indicators and I emphasise the need stressed in the paper

for more research in this most important wetland.

It is very encouraging to see that Macromia splendens

is now established as an Algarve species; the habitat

certainly looks perfect. You need to go back only as far

as the late 1980s when the status of this species in Spain

and Portugal was known only from historical records. In

the 1990s observers like Adolfo Cordero, Rudolf Malkmus

and myself established its presence and since then there

have been an explosion of records which indicate that

the western and central parts of the Iberian peninsular

2

are probably the most important areas for this European

endemic. The Algarve is an area with important wetland

habitats and well known to the British. It is to be hoped

that, encouraged by the rare species outlined here, more

field workers, perhaps even some from UK, will visit and

contribute to ROLA.

Finally, some very interesting information from

MNCN-CSIC. The specimens examined were collected from

Central and Southern Spain and one of the commonest

species found was Ischnura elegans. Askew in 1988, just

25 years ago and taking published information available

at that time concluded that this species did not exist in

Iberia. How things have changed.

What has happened in the last 25 years is an awakening

of interest and recording in Iberian Odonata; but there is

still so much to do. Let me set ROLA a goal. The Atlas of

Dragonflies of Britain and Ireland has just been published

(Cham et al 2014); it is based upon more one million

records. Andalucia is 25% of the area of UK and Ireland.

A quarter of a million records must be the aim for the next

ROLA atlas. If you like recording and feel that much of

Europe is well studied there is so much scope for you in

Iberia. Good hunting and let’s get those records flowing.

David Chelmick

FRES. President of the British Dragonfly Society

References:

Askew R.R., 1988. The Dragonflies of Europe. Harley Books.

Cham S., Nelson B., Parr A., Prentice S., Smallshire D., and Taylor P. 2014. Atlas of Dragonflies of Britain and Ireland. Field Studies Council.

3

INDICE

The dragonflies of Doñana: 1959-2013. Carmen

Díaz-Paniagua, Rosalía Martín-Franquelo, Leónidas de los

Reyes, Pilar Fernández-Díaz & Florent Prunier...5

Odonatological advances in the Algarve region,

Portugal. Nuno de Santos Loureiro...17

Los Odonatos ibéricos en la colección de Entomología

del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC).

Mercedes París, Sonia Ferreira, José Mañani, Andrea Parrón,

Florent Prunier, Javier Ripoll & Silvia Saldaña ... 33

Noticiario 2013... 63

Resumen anual ROLA 2013 ... 72

4

5

The dragonflies of Doñana:

1959-2013

Carmen Díaz-Paniagua

_{, Rosalía Martín-Franquelo,}

Leónidas de los Reyes, Pilar Fernández-Díaz & Florent

Prunier

1

_{Autor para correspondencia}

Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC.

Contacto: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The Espacio Natural Doñana, referred to here simply

as Doñana, is internationally considered as an area of

particular interest for the conservation of Odonata. We

have compiled data on the species recorded in this area

between 1959 and 2013, including the results of intensive

surveys and observations of adults which took place

between 2009 and 2013. Of the 42 species recorded,

we have only observed 25 species in recent years. There

appears to be a considerable reduction in species numbers

since 1980’s even taking account of five species that had

not previously been cited. Due to the absence of some

threatened species since the 1980's, the authors consider

that a more intensive survey is required to confirm their

status. The conservation of the aquatic habitats network

in this area is required to preserve high Odonata richness

in Doñana.

RESUMEN

El área de Doñana está considerada internacionalmente

como un punto de especial interés para la conservación

de la fauna de odonatos. Este estudio recopila datos de

observaciones de libélulas de Doñana desde 1959 hasta

la actualidad, así como de censos y prospecciones de

adultos en vuelo realizadas entre 2009 y 2013. De las

42 especies que se consideran observadas en Doñana,

sólo se detectan en la actualidad 25, apreciándose una

reducción considerable a partir de los años 80, así como

la incorporación de cinco nuevas. Entre las especies

que no se detectan recientemente se encuentran

(1) AGUESSE, P. (1962) Quelques Odonates du Coto de Doñana.

Archivos del Instituto de Aclimatación de Almería,

11: 9-12. (2) BIGOT, L & MARAZANOF, F. (1965) Considérations sur l’ecologie des invertebrés terrestres et aquatiques des Marismas du Guadalquir (Andalousie). Vie et Milieu, 16: 441-473. (3) COMPTE SART, A. (1982). Odonatos y neurópteros de la Reserva Biológica de Doñana (Huelva). V Jornadas de la Asociación española de Entomología, Valencia: 95. (4) TESTARD, P. (1972) Observations sur l’activité reproductrice d’une population tardive de

Sympetrum striolatum

Charpentier dans le Sud de l’Espagne (Odon. Libellulidae). Bulletin de la

Société Entomologique de France, 77: 118-122.

(5) TESTARD, P. (1975) Note sur l'émergence, le sex-ratio et l'activité des adultes de Mesogomphus

genei Selys, dans

le Sud de l'Espagne (Anisoptera: Gomphidae).

6

algunas con alto riesgo de amenaza, por lo que sería

necesario intensificar las prospecciones para confirmar

su desaparición. La reducción del número de especies de

odonatos se puede considerar un indicador del deterioro

de los hábitats acuáticos. El mantenimiento del buen

estado de conservación de esta importante red de hábitats

acuáticos contribuiría a garantizar la riqueza de odonatos

en Doñana.

INTRODUCTION

The odonatofauna of Doñana has never been intensively

studied. However, a large number of short papers has

been published reporting lists of species recorded since

1959. This information provides a general view about the

species richness and gradual changes experienced in the

last five decades. AGUESSE

_{provided a preliminary list of 15}

species observed in 1959. BIGOT & MARAZANOF

_{, within a}

study of aquatic macroinvertebrates, reported six Odonata

species. From 1966 to 1976, COMPTE SART performed

frequent surveys in The Doñana Biological Reserve (the

central area of the park) where he obtained considerable

information from which only a congress abstract was

published (COMPTE SART 1982)

_{. The specimens}

collected are preserved in the scientific collection of the

(6) DUFOUR, C. (1978) Odonates printaniers dans le Delta du Guadalquivir.

Cahiers des naturalistes,

32: 41-43. (7) BELLE, J. (1979) Dragonflies collected in southern Spain in March.

Notulae odonatologicae,

1: 46. (8) MONTES, C., RAMÍREZ-DÍAZ, L. & SOLER, A.G. (1982) Variación de las taxocenosis de Odonatos, Coleópteros y Heterópteros acuáticos en algunos ecosistemas del Bajo Guadalquivir (SW, España) durante un ciclo anual.

Anales de la Universidad de Murcia, 38: 19-100.

(9) FERRERAS-ROMERO, M. & SOLER,

A. (1979) Odonatos de las marismas del bajo Guadalquivir, aspectos faunísticos. Boletín de la Asociación española de Entomología, 3: 213-218. (10) HUERTAS-DIONISIO, M. & SÁNCHEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, J.L. (2000) Los odonatos de la provincia de Huelva (Andalucía, España) (Insecta: Odonata). Boletín

de la SOCECO, 12: 35-81.

(11) FERRERAS-ROMERO, M. & PUCHOL, V. (1984) Los

insectos Odonatos en Andalucía. Bases para su estudio faunístico. Servicio

de publicaciones de la Universidad, Córdoba.

(12) JÖDICKE, R. (1996) Faunistic data of dragonflies from Spain.

Advances in Odonatology,

suppl. 1: 155-189. Laguna Dulce (photo: RMF)

7

Madrid Natural Sciences Museum (MNCN). There was an

increased interest in the dragonflies of Doñana during the

1970’s (TESTARD 1972

_{; 1975}

_{; DUFOUR 1978}

_{; BELLE}

1979

_{; MONTES et al. 1982}

_{). An initial review was then}

carried out by FERRERAS-ROMERO & SOLER

_{, in which}

one species from the preliminary list,

Lestes sponsa, was

questioned. From the 1980’s onwards, the interest in

Doñana’s dragonflies decreased, although there are

some records included in general studies covering wider

areas including Huelva province (HUERTAS DIONISIO &

SÁNCHEZ RODRÍGUEZ 2000)

_{, Andalucía}

(FERRERAS-ROMERO & PUCHOL 1984)

_{and Spain in general}

(JÖDICKE 1996

_{; WEIHRAUCH & WEIHRAUCH 2003}

_).

The most recent studies report a list of species identified as

nymphs within the aquatic macroinvertebrate community

(FLORENCIO et al. 2014)

_{or specifically concerning the}

presence of

Lestes macrostigma (FLORENCIO &

DÍAZ-PANIAGUA 2012)

_{, including recent observations of}

adults of other species (CANO-VILLEGAS et al. 2010

_;

MUÑOZ & FERRERAS-ROMERO 2011

_{). Finally, the}

atlases of threatened invertebrates include precise and

particular information for threatened Odonata species of

Doñana (VERDÚ, NUMA & GALANTE 2011

_{; PRUNIER et}

al. 2013

_).

METHODS

We have checked all references which include data on

Odonata from Doñana. We have classified the reported

observations in relation to the date and UTM geographic

coordinates (10Km x10Km squares) in which they were

recorded. We have only considered data on adults, we

have not included records of nymphs. The area included

in this study is shown in Figure 1. We have also considered

data from scientific collections of the MNCM. From 2009

to 2013 (inclusive), we made frequent visits to the western

area of Doñana and recorded the adults. In 2011, 2012 and

2013, we carried out monthly censuses recording data on

adults around 9 ponds in the sandy area of the National

Park. Between April and July in 2013, we also recorded

data around 120 ponds throughout the National Park.

(13) WEIHRAUCH, F. & WEIHRAUCH, S. (2003) Spring Odonata records form Alentejo (Portugal), Andalusia and Extremadura (Spain). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia, 207: 1-18. (14) FLORENCIO, M., DIAZ-PANIAGUA, C., GÓMEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, C. & SERRANO, L. (2014) Biodiversity patterns in a macroinvertebrate community of a temporary pond network. Insect

Conservation and Diversity, 7: 4-21. (15) FLORENCIO, M. & DÍAZ-PANIAGUA, C. (2012) Presencia de Lestes macrostigma (Eversmann, 1836) (Odonata: Lestidae) en las lagunas temporales del Parque Nacional de Doñana (sudoeste de España). Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, 50: 579-581. (16) CANO-VILLEGAS, F.J., CONESA-GARCÍA, M.A. & IRURITA, J.M. (2010) Nuevos datos de Lestes macrostigma (Eversmann, 1832) (Odonata) en el Parque Nacional de Doñana (Andalucía, España). Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, 46: 518-520. (17) MUÑOZ, J.D. & FERRERAS-ROMERO, M. (2011) Abundante presencia de Lestes macrostigma (Eversmann, 1836) (Odonata, Lestidae) en el área de Doñana (Sur de España) en 2010. Boletín de la Asociación española de Entomología, 35: 281-287.

8

Species Conservation _Status Observations _{(1959-2013) 10Km x 10Km}UTM 1st record Last record ZYGOPTERA Calopteryx haemorrhoidalis LC3 1 1 1977 6 Ceriagrion tenellum LC 4 2 1977 6 ₁₉₉₅ 32 Coenagrion mercuriale NT1, VU2, VU3 1 1 1977 6 Coenagrion puella LC1, VU3 2 2 1977 6 1978 7 Coenagrion scitulum LC1, VU2, VU3 13 6 1959 1 2013 * Enallagma cyathigerum LC 10 5 2005 35 ₂₀₁₁ * Erythromma lindenii LC 5 4 1977 6 ₂₀₁₃ * Erythromma viridulum LC 4 4 1959 1 ₂₀₁₃ * Ischnura graellsii LC 241 24 1959 1 ₂₀₁₃ * Ischnura pumilio LC 8 5 1977 6 ₂₀₀₆ 33 Pyrrhosoma nymphula LC 1 1 1977 6 Chalcolestes viridis LC 15 7 1966-76 3 ₂₀₁₃ * Lestes barbarus LC 48 10 1959 1 ₂₀₁₃ * Lestes dryas NT1, VU3 30 5 1966-76 3 1977 6 Lestes sponsa** LC1 2 1 1959? 1 Lestes macrostigma NT1, VU2, VU3 61 10 1959 1 2013 * Lestes virens LC 104 16 1959 1 ₂₀₁₃ * Sympecma fusca LC 41 11 1972 4 ₂₀₁₃ * Platycnemis acutipennis LC1, DD2 2 1 1977 6 1978 7 ANISOPTERA Aeshna isoceles LC1, DD2, VU3 1 1 1978 7 Aeshna mixta LC 53 13 1959 1 ₂₀₁₃ * Anax ephippiger LC 25 10 1966 3 ₂₀₁₃ *

Table 1. Species recorded in Doñana from 1959 to 2013: Conservation status, number of records, number of UTM (10km x10Km) squares and dates of the first and last record for each species.

9

Species Conservation _Status Observations _{(1959-2013) 10Km x 10Km}UTM 1st record Last record

Anax imperator LC 29 10 1967 3 ₂₀₁₃ * Anax parthenope LC 48 14 1965 2 ₂₀₁₃ * Brachytron pratense NT1, EN2, EN3 3 1 1972 4 1977 6 Gomphus pulchellus LC 2 1 1972 4 ₁₉₇₇ 6 Paragomphus genei LC 5 3 1972 4 ₂₀₀₅ 35 Brachythemis impartita LC 7 6 1984 12 ₂₀₁₃ * Crocothemis erythraea LC 145 21 1972 4 ₂₀₁₃ * Diplacodes lefebvrii LC 26 10 1972 4 ₂₀₁₃ * Libellula depressa LC 1 1 2001 13 Libellula fulva LC 1 1 1977 6 Libellula quadrimaculata LC 2 2 1978 7 Orthetrum cancellatum LC 83 15 1959 1 ₂₀₁₃ * Orthetrum chrysostigma LC 28 11 1965 2 ₂₀₁₃ * Orthetrum coerulescens LC 3 3 1972 4 ₂₀₁₃ * Orthetrum nitidinerve LC1, VU2, VU3 2 2 1959 1 2000 18 Orthetrum trinacria LC 37 7 1984 34 ₂₀₁₃ * Sympetrum fonscolombii LC 246 22 1959 1 ₂₀₁₃ * Sympetrum meridionale LC1, DD2 26 11 1959 1 2013 * Sympetrum sanguineum LC 8 4 1959 1 ₁₉₇₆ 9 Sympetrum striolatum LC 33 12 1959 1 ₂₀₁₃ * Trithemis annulata LC 5 5 2000 35 ₂₀₁₃ *

Conservation Status indicates the classification of each species in Mediterranean IUCN Red List (1), Spain Red List (2), Andalusian Red List (3) : LC=Least Concern; NT= Near threatened, VU: Vulnerable, DD: Data deficient, EN: Endangered. 1st record and last record refers to bibliographical references in the main text. Species observed during this study *. This species is questioned **.

10

RESULTS

From 1959 to 2013, a total of 43 species have been

reported in Doñana, although the identification of one

of them has been questioned (BOUDOT et al. 2009)

_.

The dubious species is

Lestes sponsa, only reported

by AGUESSE

_{, who later questioned its identification}

(FERRERAS-ROMERO & SOLER)

_{. Taking account of this}

probably mis-identification, the total number of species

recorded is, therefore, 42. The species reported with the

highest frequency (between 1959-2013) were Sympetrum

fonscolombii, Ischnura graellsii, Crocothemis erythraea

and

Lestes virens. In contrast, six species (Calopteryx

haemorrhoidalis, Coenagrion mercuriale, Pyrrhosoma

nymphula, Aeshna isoceles, Libellula depressa, and L.

fulva) were cited only once, and another 13 species had

five sightings or fewer (Table 1). The first list of dragonflies

from Doñana included 15 species

_{. The highest number}

of species reported during a single year was 29 in 1977.

Between 1959 and 1980 the accumulated total was 37

species. Since 1980 and, despite the addition of five new

species (Brachythemis impartita, Enallagma cyathigerum,

Libellula depressa, Orthetrum trinacria and Trithemis

annulata), the number of species observed decreased to

between 25 and 30 species (Figure 2). Throughout Doñana,

there are particular areas in which higher species richness

is recorded. However, the number of species reported

per 10Km x 10Km UTM square is positively correlated

with the number of reported observations. In general,

Doñana has low accessibility for visitors, and, therefore,

most observations are concentrated in the vicinity of the

main roads surrounding the park or in visitors’ centres. In

contrast, areas located in the most inner areas of the park

have been poorly studied (Figure 1).

18: VERDÚ, J.R., NUMA, C. & GALANTE, E. (eds) (2011) Atlas y Libro

Rojo de los Invertebrados amenazados de España (Especies Vulnerables).

Dirección General para la Biodiversidad, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Madrid. 19: PRUNIER, F., RIPOLL RODRÍGUEZ, J. & CHELMICK, D. (2013) Segundo Atlas de odonatos en Andalucía: incorporando 25 años de investigación. Boletín Rola, 3: 5-42. 20: BOUDOT, J.-P., KALKMAN, V., AZPILICUETA AMORIN, M., BOGDANOVIC, T., CORDERO RIVERA, A., DEGABRIEME, G., DOMMANGET, J.-L., FERREIRA, S., GARROGOS, B., JOVIC, M., KOTARAC, M., LOPAU, W., MARINOV, M., MIHOKOVIC, N., RISERVATO, E., SAMRAOUI, B. & SCHNEIDER, W. (2009) Atlas of the Odonata of the Mediteranean and North Africa. Libellula

Supplement, 9: 1-256.

Coenagrion scitulum

11

DISCUSSION

Due to the large number of species recorded and the

fact that many are threatened, Doñana is considered an

area of special interest for the conservation of Odonata

(CORDERO-RIVERA 2006)

_{. The community of present}

species reflect the characteristics of the aquatic habitats

found in this area. Doñana is a Ramsar site, which

includes important aquatic habitats suitable for Odonata.

This results in high species richness and abundance of

Figure 1. Number of Odonata species and number of observations recorded throughout the boundaries of the Espacio Natural Doñana (in 10 x10Km UTM grid squares).

12

individuals. Nevertheless, most water bodies in Doñana

are temporary, including the extensive marsh and the

numerous ponds. In contrast, permanent ponds or lakes

are scarce, although more than 200 small ponds have

been excavated historically throughout the sandy area

of the park in order to provide water for cattle and wild

mammals in the dry periods. These semi-artificial ponds

(locally named “zacayones”) have increased the number

of permanent waters (DÍAZ-PANIAGUA et al. 2010)

_and

also favour the reproduction of species which spend a long

period as a nymph. Lotic habitats are very scarce, as there

are only a small number of temporary streams, in which

water runs only after heavy rain. These streams persist as

small unconnected ponds until summer (SERRANO et al.

2006)

_.

Most of the Odonata species found are typical of

temporary lentic and shallow habitats, or generalist

species, with short nymphal period such as

Sympetrum

fonscolombii, Lestes virens or Ischnura graellsii (DIJKSTRA

& LEWINGTON 2006)

_{. Other species with longer}

nymphal periods are frequently found in zacayones,

widely spread through the park. The zacayones provide

habitats for

Orthetrum nymphs and for members

of the Aeshnidae family (FLORENCIO et al. 2013)

_.

The geographic location of Doñana, in the far south of

the Iberian Peninsula, further explains the richness of its

Odonata. Mediterranean, Eurosiberian and Ethiopian

21: CORDERO RIVERA, A. (2006) Spain. In: Dijkstra, J.K & Lewington, R. 2006 Field Guide to the

Dragonflies of Britain and Europe. British Wildlife

Publishing, The Old Dairy, Milton on Stour, Gillingham, Dorset, UK.: 53-54. 22: DÍAZ-PANIAGUA, C., FERNÁNDEZ-ZAMUDIO, R., FLORENCIO, M., GARCÍA-MURILLO, P., GÓMEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, C., PORTHEAULT , A., SERRANO, L.& SILJESTRÖM, P. (2010). Temporary ponds from the Doñana National Park: A system of natural habitats for the preservation of aquatic flora and fauna.

Limnetica, 29: 41-58.

23: SERRANO, L., REINA, M., MARTÍN, G., REYES, I., ARECHEDERRA, A., LEÓN, D. & TOJA, J. (2006). The aquatic systems of Doñana (SW Spain): watersheds and frontiers. Limnetica, 25: 11-32.

13

species (TORRALBA & OCHARAN 2007)

_{all coincide and}

coexist in Doñana. In spite of the increase in numbers

resulting from species that have expanded their range

in recent years, a considerable reduction in the overall

number of species has been found during the years of the

intensive surveys.

The six species only found once may be considered

migrant individuals for which Doñana does not seem to

contain their optimum habitats. A further two species,

Libellula quadrimaculata and Platycnemis acutipennis,

have been recorded on only two occasions. The former is

an established migrant and can occur almost anywhere,

the latter is a permanent running water species that is

unlikely to breed on Doñana. Over the study period,

new species have been found including

Brachythemis

impartita, Orthetrum trinacria and Trithemis annulata,

which are all of afrotropical origin, whose range expansion

has been reported in other areas of the Iberian Peninsula

(TORRALBA & OCHARAN 2007)

_.

24: DIJKSTRA, K.-D. & LEWINGTON, R. (2006) Field Guide to the

Dragonflies of Britain and Europe. British Wildlife

Publishing, The Old Dairy, Milton on Stour, Gillingham, Dorset, UK. 25: TORRALBA, A. & OCHARAN, F.J. (2007). Composición biogeográfica de la fauna de libélulas (Odonata) de la Península Ibérica, con especial referencia a la aragonesa. Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, 41: 179-188. Lestes macrostigma (photo: CDP).

14

The progressive deterioration of the Doñana aquifer

which occurred during recent decades has resulted in

the desiccation of ponds or in the shortening of their

hydroperiod (MANZANO & CUSTODIO 2006)

_{. This}

could explain the absence of previously recorded species

typically associated with permanent waters. Secondly, it is

also important to consider the impact brought about by

exotic species and in particular, the case of the American

crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) which is abundant in the

marshes and permanent waters (DÍAZ-PANIAGUA et

al. 2014)

_{. Crayfish produce substantial modification}

of aquatic habitats by destroying or consuming aquatic

macrophytes and increasing water turbidity (DUARTE

et al. 1990

_{; MATZUSAKI et al. 2008}

_{). This results in}

a reduction in the quality of reproductive habitats for

Odonata, especially those species of permanent water,

which require dense cover of aquatic vegetation. These

include

Brachytron pratense (VERDU et al. 2011)

_{, and}

Coenagrion puella (DJIKSTRA & LEWINGTON 2006)

_and

it is possible that

Gomphus pulchellus also falls into this

category.

Doñana has a large number of threatened Odonata species.

However, only three out of the ten red list species that have

been recorded are presently found (Table 1). These being

Lestes macrostigma, Coenagrion scitulum and Sympetrum

meridionale. The absence of other species, some of

them reported more than 30 years ago, suggests

that they are no longer present in Doñana. It would

be necessary to carry out a thorough survey of the

entire park to confirm their absence. Odonata are

26: MANZANO, M. & CUSTODIO, E. (2006). El Acuífero de Doñana y su relación con el medio natural. In :GARCÍA-NOVO, F. & MARIN, C. (eds) Doñana, Agua y

Biosfera. Confederación

Hidrográfica del Guadalquivir, Ministerio Medio Ambiente, Madrid: 133-142. 27: DÍAZ-PANIAGUA,C., KELLER, C., FLORENCIO, M., ANDREU, A.C., PORTHEAULT, A., GÓMEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, I. & GOMEZ-MESTRE, I. (2014). Rainfall stochasticity controls the distribution of invasive crayfish and its impact on amphibian guilds in Mediterranean temporary waters. Hydrobiologia, 728: 89-101. 28: DUARTE, C., MONTES, C., AGUSTI, S., MARTINO, P., BERNUES, M. & KALFF, J. (1990). Biomasa de macrofitos acuaticos en la marisma del Parque Nacional de Doñana (SO. España): importancia y factores ambientales que controlan su distribución. Limnetica, 6: 1-12. 29: MATZUSAKI, S. S., USIO, N., TAKAMURA, N. & WASHITANI, I. (2008). Contrasting impacts of invasive engineers on freshwater ecosystems: an experiment and meta-analysis. Oecologia, 158:

673-686.

Sympetrum meridionale

15

bioindicators of the conservation status of aquatic

media (BRIERS & BIGGS 2003

_{; OERTLI et al. 2005}

_).

The decrease in species richness detected in Doñana

in recent decades points to a deterioration of aquatic

habitats and particularly the more permanent ones. The

restoration and preservation of the important network

of aquatic habitats in the park is required to ensure the

conservation of the rich Odonata community in Doñana.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We would like to thank the help and assistance

provided by Rafa Laffitte, from the monitoring team of

natural processes of Doñana Biological Station (CSIC),

and to the Espacio Natural Doñana. Project funded

by OAPN, Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y

Medio Ambiente (158/2010). David Chelmick and

an anonymous reviewer improved the final version.

The dragonflies of Doñana : 1959-2013.

Carmen Díaz-Paniagua, Rosalía Martín-Franquelo, Leónidas de los Reyes,

Pilar Fernández-Díaz, & Florent Prunier

Keywords: Doñana, Odonata

Los odonatos de Doñana: 1959-2013.

Carmen Díaz-Paniagua, Rosalía Martín-Franquelo, Leónidas de los Reyes,

Pilar Fernández-Díaz y Florent Prunier

Palabras Claves: Doñana, Odonata

Laguna de la Sanguijuela (photo: RMF). 30: BRIERS, R.A. & BIGGS,J. (2003) Indicator taxa for the conservation of pond invertebrate diversity.

Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 13: 323-330.

31: OERTLI, B., JOYE,D.A., CASTELLA, E., JUGE, R., & LEHMANN, A. (2005). PLOCH: a standardized method for sampling and assessing the biodiversity in ponds. Aquatic

Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems,

15: 665-679. 32: RHÖN, C. (1996) Frühjahrsbeobachtungen von Libellen im zentralen und südlichen Teil der Iberischen Halbinsel.

Advances in Odonatology,

suppl. 1: 129-137. 33: WEIRAUCH, F. (2006). Der Zahnkärpfling Gambusia holbrooki als Prädator von Libelleneiern. (Teleostei: Poeciliidae; Odonata: Libellulidae).

Libellula, 25: 209-214.

34: HARTUNG, M. (1985)

Orthetrum trinacria (Selys)

as a part of the dragonfly fauna of southern Spain (Anisoptera: Libellulidae). Notulae odonatologicae, 2: 89-108. 35: FERRERAS-ROMERO, M., CANO-VILLEGAS, F.J. & SALAMANCA-OCAÑA, J.C. (2003). Valoración de la cuenca del río Guadiamar (sur de España), afectada por un vertido minero, en base a su odonatofauna.

16

17

Odonatological advances in the

Algarve region, Portugal

Nuno de Santos Loureiro

Centro de Biologia Ambiental – ADC, Lisboa;

Universidade do Algarve, FCT - DCTMA

Campus de Gambelas - Ed. 8

8005-139 FARO (Portugal)

Contacto: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

This paper presents new data on nine anisopterans and

summarises the results of surveys conducted throughout

the Algarve between 2011 and 2013. Knowledge on the

distribution of the three species included in the Annex IV of

the European Habitats Directive (M. splendens, G. graslinii

and O. curtisii) is updated, and exuviae of other three species

(C. boltonii, O. trinacria and B. impartita) are reported for the

first time. Eight of the nine reported species show a larger

distribution than previously published.

RESUMEN

Este artículo presenta los resultados de seguimientos realizados

en el Algarve entre los años 2011 y 2013, resumiendo datos

nuevos sobre nueve especies de anisópteros. Se actualiza

asimismo la distribución de tres especies incluidas en el Anexo

IV de la Directa Europea Habitat (M. splendens, G. graslinii and

O. curtisii) y se documenta por primera vez las exuvias de tres

especies (C. boltonii, O. trinacria and B. impartita). Ocho de

las nueve especies estudiadas presentan áreas de distribución

más amplias que las previamente publicadas.

INTRODUCTION

The Algarve, extending from 37º00’N to 37º30’N and

9º00’W to 7º25’W, with an area of almost 5,000 km

_{, is}

the southernmost natural and administrative region

of mainland Portugal. It has a Mediterranean climate

or, according to the Köppen-Geiger classification, a

predominant Csa climate type, being Csb in the western

18

side where the Atlantic Ocean influence is greater (AEMET

& IM 2011)

_{. Fóia, at an altitude of 902 m in the Serra de}

Monchique, is the highest point in the Algarve. Only a very

small part of the rest of the region lies above the 500 m

contour. A large river, the Rio Guadiana, flows into the

Atlantic Ocean along the eastern border of Algarve, but

there is little other permanent running waters. Most rivers

and streams have only seasonal flow, usually in winter

and spring, and become dry in summer and early autumn,

though stagnant pools remain in the riverbed. Artificial

ponds, created to supply water for agriculture, livestock and

as a water resource for fighting forest fires, have become

numerous since the 1990's.

The odonatological assemblage of Algarve comprises 20

species of Zygoptera and 29 of Anisoptera, and has been

quite well studied in recent years. The most important

papers are those by LOHR (2005)

_{and by DE KNIJF &}

DEMOLDER (2010)

_{, and the studies by MALKMUS (1996,}

1998)

_{and by MALKMUS & RUF (2008)}

_{. Distribution maps}

are provided by GARDINER (1997)

_{, MALKMUS (2002)}

_and

BOUDOT et al. (2009)

_.

Nevertheless, there remains considerable scope for

increasing our knowledge of the Odonata in the Algarve,

especially the detailed distribution and flight period of

species, the habitats used by larvae, and the impacts of land

use changes and global warming on the species’ distribution.

The present study presents updated distribution maps

for nine anisopteran species. Data are presented using

a 5 km UTM grid (WGS84; EPSG:32629), and maps were

prepared using QGIS version 2.2.0 - Valmiera. This paper

summarises the results of surveys conducted throughout

the Algarve between 2011 and 2013, when I visited almost

300 locations on several dates, covering both running and

standing waters, permanent as well as temporary. All the

245 map squares were visited at least once, including those

that contain only a small proportion of land. The 2011 survey

covered only adults; in 2012 and 2013, adults and exuviae

were searched for every time, and larvae were sampled in

the spring months. Additional data were also provided by

occasional collaborators to the www.odonata-algarve.info

blog, or were collected from Flickr and Biodiversity4All.org.

(1) AEMET & IM (Agencia Estatal de Meteorología de España & Instituto de Meteorologia de Portugal) (2011) Atlas Climático

Ibérico – Iberian Climate Atlas. (2) LOHR, M. (2005) Libellenbeobachtungen in Südportugal (Odonata). Libellula, 24(1/2): 87-107. Erratum in Libellula, 25(1/2): 117-118. (3) DE KNIJF, G. & H. DEMOLDER (2010) Odonata records from Alentejo and Algarve, southern Portugal.

Libellula, 29(1/2): 61-90.

(4) MALKMUS, R. (1996) Libellen im Gebiet des unteren Rio Guadiana, Portugal. In: Jödicke, R. (ed.), Studies on Iberian Dragonflies. Advances in

Odonatology, Suppl. 1:

123-126. (5) MALKMUS, R. (1998) Frühjahrsbeobachtungen von Libellen in Portugal. Libellula, 17(1/2): 91-96. (6) MALKMUS, R. & T. RUF (2008) Herbstaktive Libellen in Südportugal (Odonata). Libellula, 27(1/2): 123-132. (7) GARDINER, A. (1997)

Western Algarve Dragonfly Atlassing Project. Annual

Report to Recorders. (unpubl.) (8) MALKMUS, R. (2002) Die Verbreitung der Libellen Portugals, Madeiras und der Azoren. Nachrichten des

Naturwissenschaftlichen Museums der Stadt Aschaffenburg, 106:

19

The maps display three classes of information: i. squares

with previously published data on adults and exuviae, ii.

squares with new records based on adults; iii. squares with

new records based on exuviae and adults. For selected

species, where the data justify it, additional categories were

included.

Macromia splendens larva (photo: NSL)

RESULTS

Macromia splendens

Macromia splendens (Pictet, 1843), a species included

in the Annex IV of the European Habitats Directive and

considered Vulnerable in the IUCN Red List of Threatened

Species, was firstly reported from the Algarve in 1997

(MALKMUS 1998)

_{. In 2003 LOHR (2005)}

_{discovered one}

exuvia and observed one adult in Ribeira de Seixe.

The species was noticed again during the surveys that I

conducted. Seven exuviae were found in 2012, and one

larva, four exuviae and one adult were found in 2013, all

of them in a stretch of the Ribeira de Seixe, in a location

(9) BOUDOT, J.-P., V.J. KALKMAN, M. AZPILICUETA AMORÍN, T. BOGDANOVIĆ, A. CORDERO RIVERA, G. DEGABRIELE, J.-L. DOMMANGET, S. FERREIRA, B. GARRIGÓS, M. JOVIĆ, M. KOTARAC, W. LOPAU, M. MARINOV, N. MIHOKOVIĆ, E. RISERVATO, B. SAMRAOUI & W. SCHNEIDER (2009) Atlas of the Odonata of the Mediterranean and North Africa. Libellula

20

where continuous strips of numerous Alnus glutinosa and

some

Salix salviifolia australis cover the channel, filtering

the daylight and maintaining moderate levels of water

and air temperatures even in summer.

Hedera helix is

very abundant, and

Osmunda regalis and Smilax aspera

also occur near the water. In 2013, between May and

July, I conducted six surveys, each one taking about 2 h

checking a length of approximately 300 m. Even with this

considerable effort, the numbers of exuviae, larvae and

adults were low, and I suspect the population is small and,

consequently, fragile.

MALKMUS (1998)

_{conducted a survey in Ribeira do}

Vascão in 1997, and WEIHRAUCH & WEIHRAUCH (2003)

conducted another one in the same lotic system in 2001.

Both reported observations of adults of

M. splendens. I

conducted surveys in the same stretches of Ribeira do

Vascão in 2012 and 2013 without any results. LOHR

Gomphus graslinii

after emergence (photo: NSL)

21

(2005)

_{conducted a survey in Ribeira de Odeleite in 2003}

and collected one exuvia. I conducted surveys in 2012 and

2013 without any results. If Ribeira de Odeleite and Ribeira

do Vascão populations of M. splendens remain alive, there

is a strong possibility that they are composed by a very

limited number of individuals, but the hypothesis that the

population of Ribeira de Seixe is nowadays unique in the

Algarve cannot be rejected.

Figure 1. Distribution of Macromia splendens in Algarve (5 km side squares grid)

Orange square: adults, larva and exuviae - new data from Ribeira de Seixe, 2012 and 2013. Blue square: adults - new data from Ribeira de Seixe, 2013; data by LOHR (2005)2_{, 2003.}

Grey squares: data by MALKMUS (1998)5 _{and by WEIHRAUCH & WEIHRAUCH}

(2003)10 _{from Ribeira do Vascão, 1997 and 2001; by LOHR (2005)}2 _{from Ribeira de Odeleite,}

2003.

Gomphus graslinii

Gomphus graslinii Rambur, 1842, another species included

in the Annex IV of the European Habitats Directive and

considered Near Threatened in the IUCN Red List of

Threatened Species, was firstly reported from the Algarve in

2003 by LOHR (2005)

_{after the finding of several exuviae}

in Ribeira de Seixe and Ribeira de Odeleite. VIEIRA et al.

(2010)

_{and Dinis Cortes (photograph posted in Flickr) to}

Ribeira do Vascão, and DE KNIJF & DEMOLDER (2010)

_to

Ribeira de Seixe, reported new observations and enlarged

the knowledge on the distribution of the species in the

region.

In 2012 and 2013 G. graslinii was confirmed in the same

lotic systems (i.e. Ribeira de Seixe, Ribeira de Odeleite and

Ribeira do Vascão), given that I collected several exuviae

and observed a few adults in all of them. I also witnessed

an emergence in May 2, 2013, in Ribeira do Vascão. The

(10) WEIHRAUCH, F. & S. WEIHRAUCH (2003) Spring Odonata records from Alentejo (Portugal), Andalusia and Extremadura (Spain). Opuscula

zoologica fluminensia, 207:

1-18.

(11) VIEIRA, C., V. GONÇALVES, A.C. CARDOSO & I. PATANITA (2010) Registo de quatro novas espécies de Odonata para a Ribeira do Vascão, Sítio de Interesse Comunitário do Guadiana (Portugal). Boletín de la

Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, 47: 461-462.

22

2012 and 2013 surveys added two new squares to the map

of the distribution of the species in Algarve and confirmed

the occurrence in another two. The stretches of the Ribeira

de Seixe, Ribeira de Odeleite and Ribeira do Vascão where

I found G. graslinii were also surveyed for the Red Swamp

Crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852). It appears that

the invasive plague is not present there, even if it begins to

become common in many lotic systems in the region.

Figure 2. Distribution of Gomphus graslinii in Algarve (5 km side squares grid)

Orange squares: adults and exuviae - new data from Ribeira de Seixe, Ribeira de Odeleite

and Ribeira do Vascão, 2012 and 2013; data by LOHR (2005)2 _{and by DE KNIJF &}

DEMOLDER (2010)3 _{from Ribeira de Seixe, 2003 and 2009.}

Blue square: adults - new data by Dinis Cortes (photograph posted in Flickr) from Ribeira

de Odeleite, 2010.

Grey squares: data by LOHR (2005)2 _{from Ribeira de Odeleite, 2003; by VIEIRA et al.}

(2010)11 _{from Ribeira do Vascão, 2009.}

Oxygastra curtisii

Oxygastra curtisii (Dale, 1834), the third Odonata species

occurring in the Algarve included in the Annex IV of

the European Habitats Directive and considered Near

Threatened in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species,

was firstly reported from the Algarve in 1995 by MALKMUS

(1996)

_{. In 2001 more than 70 exuviae have been reported}

by WEIHRAUCH & WEIHRAUCH (2003)

_{, and in 2003 some}

exuviae were collected and reported by LOHR (2005)

_.

In 2012 and 2013 I found adults on the wing at four

permanent lentic water bodies, and exuviae were collected

at three of them. From the Algarve, it was the first time that

the taxon was observed in habitats that are not the typical

ones. However, the presence of O. curtisii in lentic systems

also was previously reported in other regions (LEIPELT &

SUHLING 2001

_{, HERBRECHT & DOMMANGET 2006}

_,

(12) LEIPELT, K.G. & F. SUHLING (2001) Habitat selection of larval Gomphus graslinii and Oxygastra curtisii (Odonata: Gomphidae, Corduliidae). International Journal of Odonatology, 4(1): 23-34. (13) HERBRECHT, F. & J.-L. DOMMANGET (2006) Sur le développement larvaire d’Oxygastra curtisii (Dale, 1834) dans les eaux stagnantes (Odonata, Anisoptera, Cordullidae).

23

Adolfo Cordero-Rivera pers. comm.). Additionally, it was

possible to confirm the occurrence of O. curtisii in the lotic

systems listed previously, as well as to find the species in

other lotic systems and other stretches of the waters where

it was known. The 2011 to 2013 surveys added 10 new

squares (15 localities) to the distribution map of the species,

four of them from permanent lentic systems.

In comparison to the other two protected species (i.e.

M. splendens and G. graslinii), which typically occur

sympatrically with O. curtisii, the latter species presents a

much wider regional distribution. AZPILICUETA-AMORÍN

et al. (2009)

_{recognized the dispersing capability of}

_O.

curtisii, a feature that agrees with the wider presence of

the taxon in Algarve.

(14) AZPILICUETA-AMORÍN, M., M. VILA & A. CORDERO-RIVERA (2009) Population genetic structure of two threatened dragonfly species (Odonata: Anisoptera) as revealed by RAPD analysis. In: Habel, J.C. & T. Assmann (eds.), Relict

Species: Phylogeography and Conservation Biology.

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg: 295-308.

24

Figure 3. Distribution of Oxygastra curtisii in Algarve (5 km side squares grid)

Orange squares: adults and exuviae - new data from Ribeira de Seixe, Ribeira da Perna

da Negra, Ribeira de Monchique, Ribeira da Boina, Fonte da Benémola, Ribeira da Asseca, Ribeira de Alportel, Ribeira de Odeleite, Ribeira do Leitejo and Ribeira do Vascão, 2011 to 2013; data by GARDINER (1997)7_{, by MALKMUS (1998)}5 _{from Fonte da Benémola}

and Ribeira do Vascão, 1997; by WEIHRAUCH & WEIHRAUCH (2003)10 _{from Ribeira do}

Vascão, 2001; by LOHR (2005)2 _{from Ribeira da Boina and Ribeira de Seixe, 2003; by DE}

KNIJF & DEMOLDER (2010)3 _{from Ribeira da Asseca and Ribeira do Vascão, 2009; data by}

Dinis Cortes (photograph posted in Flickr) from Ribeira de Monchique, 2011.

Orange squares with diagonal light gray lines: adults and exuviae - lentic systems - new data from Barragem da Boiça, Barragem das Eirinhas and a pond near Javali, 2012 and 2013; data by Nelson Viegas (pers. comm.) from Ribeira dos Carunchos, 2013.

Blue square: adults - new data by Nelson Fonseca (pers. comm.) from Morgado de Arge,

2013.

Blue square with diagonal light gray lines: adults - lentic systems - new data from

Barragem do Bico Alto, 2013.

Grey squares: data by GARDINER (1997)7_{, by MALKMUS (1996, 1998)}4,5 _{from Ribeira}

da Foupana and Ribeira dos Cadavais, 1995 and 1997; by LOHR (2005)2 _{from Caldas}

de Monchique, Ribeira de Odelouca and Ribeira de Odeleite, 2003; by DE KNIJF & DEMOLDER (2010)3 _{from Ribeira do Arade and Ribeira de Odeleite, 2009.}

Aeshna mixta

Aeshna mixta Latreille, 1805 was firstly reported from the

Algarve in 1992 by GARDINER (1993)

_{, and again in 1993}

by GARDINER & STURGESS (1994)

_{, always in the Quinta}

da Rocha area. Successful reproduction only once was

confirmed, in 2003, when LOHR (2005)

_{discovered one}

exuvia in a pond near Ludo.

Surveys that I conducted in 2012 and 2013 supports a new

status of A. mixta in Algarve, as dozens of exuviae were

found in 14 new squares (18 localities) and also in the one

(2 localities) that was primarily drawn based on the LOHR

(2005)

_{record. A. mixta is a resident taxon and reproduces}

both in lentic and lotic systems fairly spread throughout

Algarve.

Report for the Year 1992:

89-91. (16) GARDINER, A.J. & P. STURGESS (1994) Dragonflies on Quinta da Rocha in 1993. A Rocha

Observatory Report for the Year 1993: 80-84.

25

Figure 4. Distribution of Aeshna mixta in Algarve (5 km side squares grid)

Light orange squares: exuviae - new data from ponds near the Casa da Guarda Florestal and

the Parque Eólico de Vila do Bispo, near Serominheiro, Vale Fuzeiros, Vale da Águia, Pedra Alva, Aterro Sanitário do Sotavento, from lago grande W (Morgado do Reguengo Golf), Lago de São Lourenço (Quinta do Lago), and Aldeia Nova - Mata de Monte Gordo (brackish pond), from Fonte da Benémola and Barragem da Arrancadinha, and from Barranco do Tamejoso, Ribeira do Vascão and Ribeira da Foupana, 2012 and 2013; data by LOHR (2005)2 _{from a pond near Ludo, 2003.}

Boyeria irene

Boyeria irene (Fonscolombe, 1838) was firstly reported from

the Algarve by MALKMUS (2002)

_{. LOHR (2005)}

_reported

the finding of several exuviae in Ribeira de Aljezur, Ribeira

da Boina, Ribeira de Odelouca and Ribeira de Odeleite, and

DE KNIJF & DEMOLDER (2010)

_{added Ribeira do Arade to}

the list of lotic systems where the species occurs.

Results from the surveys conducted from 2011 to 2013

contributed to present an updated and more widespread

distribution (10 new squares, comprising 17 localities).

B.

irene was found in the same localities where M. splendens

and G. graslinii occur, as well as the same localities in lotic

The two forms of Boyeria irene females identified in their exuviae: f. typica (left) and f. brachycerca, with short appendages (right) (photos: NSL)

26

systems where

O. curtisii was found, but in comparison

with

M. splendens and G. graslinii this aeshnid is more

widespread and occurs in a larger range of lotic habitats,

from the shaded, temperate and permanently running

waters of Ribeira de Seixe and Ribeira da Perna da Negra,

to the characteristic Mediterranean streams of Ribeira do

Arade, Ribeira do Leitejo, Ribeira de Odeleite and Ribeira

do Vascão. The occurrence of B. irene in the northeastern

border of the region reported by MALKMUS (2002)

without geographical details or a locality description could

not be confirmed.

B. irene females occur in two forms (f. brachycerca,

with short appendages, and f.

typica, with very long

appendages), which can also be identified in the exuviae

according to the criterion mentioned by WENGER (1959)

_.

A total of 322 exuviae were collected in a 300 m length

stretch of Ribeira de Seixe, in Aug 4, Aug 20, and Sep 12,

2012, being 54.7% from males and 45.3% from females. The

f. brachycerca dominates the exuviae collection, as only 10

(7.1%) out of the 140 studied female exuviae presented the

characteristic cerci of the f. typica.

Figure 5. Distribution of Boyeria irene in Algarve (5 km side squares grid)

Orange squares: adults, larvae and exuviae - new data from Ribeira de Seixe, Ribeira

da Perna da Negra, Ribeira de Monchique, Fonte da Benémola, Fonte Filipe, Ribeira de Odeleite, Ribeira do Leitejo and Ribeira do Vascão, 2011 to 2013; data by LOHR (2005)2

from Ribeira de Aljezur, 2003; by DE KNIJF & DEMOLDER (2010)3 _{from Ribeira de Seixe,}

2008 and 2009; by João Tiago Tavares (pers. comm.) from Ribeira de Aljezur and Ribeira de Seixe, 2011.

Blue squares: adults - new data by Nelson Fonseca (pers. comm.) from Ribeira da Asseca

and Ribeira de Alportel, 2011 and 2012.

Grey squares: data by LOHR (2005)2 _{from Ribeira da Boina, Ribeira de Odelouca and}

Ribeira de Odeleite, 2003; by DE KNIJF & DEMOLDER (2010)3 _{from Ribeira da Boina}

and Ribeira do Arade, 2009. (17) WENGER, O.-P. (1959)

Die beiden ♀ Formen von

Boyeria irene

(Odonata-Aeschnidae). Mitteilungen

der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 23(2/3):

27

Cordulegaster boltonii

The Cordulegastridae family is represented in mainland

Portugal by

Cordulegaster boltonii (Donovan, 1807),

and from the Algarve only a few records of adults were

published (GARDINER 1997

_{, MALKMUS 2002}

_{, LOHR}

2005

_{, DE KNIJF & DEMOLDER 2010}

_{). C. boltonii appears}

to be an uncommon species according to the scarce records

within the published data on the Odonata assemblages

from the region.

In 2013, I collected one larva and four exuviae in Ribeira

de Seixe, being the first known records of successful

breeding of the species in Algarve. Not far from that

locality an adult female was photographed and captured,

and the specimen was deposited in the MUHNAC - Museu

Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência, Lisboa

(MB07-030788). Besides the already known population in the area

of Serra de Monchique, a few observations of single adults

are reported to the ‘serra algarvia’, not far from Ribeira de

Odeleite, suggesting that the distribution of the species in

the region is broader than initially expected. To the region,

28

Figure 6. Distribution of Cordulegaster boltonii in Algarve (5 km side squares grid)

Orange squares: adults, larvae and exuviae - new data from Ribeira de Seixe, 2013; data by

DE KNIJF & DEMOLDER (2010)3 _{from Ribeira de Seixe, 2008.}

Blue squares: adults - new data from Ribeira de Odeleite and from ‘serra algarvia’, 2013; by Guillaume Réthoré (pers. comm.) from Serra de Monchique, 2011; by João Tiago Tavares (pers. comm.) from ‘serra algarvia’, 2009; data by GARDINER (1997)7_.

Grey square: data by GARDINER (1997)7_{; by LOHR (2005)}2 _{from Ribeira da Boina, 2003.}

(18) LOUREIRO, N.S. (2012) New data on the distribution of Orthetrum

trinacria in the Algarve,

southern Portugal (Odonata: Libellulidae).

Libellula, 31(1/2): 77-87.

Orthetrum trinacria

The occurrence of

Orthetrum trinacria (Selys, 1841), an

Afrotropical odonate that became a resident species in

southern Europe, was firstly reported from the Algarve

by MALKMUS (2002)

_{. LOUREIRO (2012)}

_{presented a}

review with new data on the distribution of the species in

the region, but only records of adults were included. Here,

the first records of exuviae are presented, updating the

status of the species to Algarve, as successful reproduction

was confirmed for the first time. Exuviae were found in

12 squares (16 localities) during the 2012 and 2013 field

surveys. All of them were permanent lentic water bodies

and they are spread along Algarve.

Cordulegaster boltonii

29

Figure 7. Localities where Orthetrum trinacria exuviae were found in Algarve (5 km side squares grid)

Light orange squares: exuviae - new data from ponds near Serominheiro, Almarjão, Pedra Alva,

Aterro Sanitário do Sotavento, Barrada, Cova da Muda, Ribeira de Álamo and Aldeia Nova - Mata de Monte Gordo (brackish pond), from lago 14 and lago grande W (Morgado do Reguengo Golf), and Lago de São Lourenço (Quinta do Lago), and from Açude da Barrada, Barragem do Pessegueiro, Barragem da Arrancadinha, Barragem das Eirinhas and Barragem de Vale de Asno.

Diplacodes lefebvrii

Diplacodes lefebvrii (Rambur, 1842), another Afrotropical

odonate nowadays resident in Europe, was firstly recorded

from the Algarve in 1985, when an adult female was

collected by S. and C. Aguiar near Odeleite (FERREIRA

& GROSSO-SILVA 2006)

_{. However, only once exuviae}

were found in the region by LOHR (2005)

_{, even though}

GARDINER & STURGESS (1995)

_{reported a teneral at the}

Quinta de Rocha pond in September 1994.

In 2012 and 2013, I searched for D. lefebvrii exuviae. In 13

ponds and small reservoirs, all of them artificial permanent

lentic systems, the effort was successful. Also, in 2012 I

found two exuviae in a slow flowing stretch of a seasonal

stream (Ribeira das Alfambras), still a lentic system. This is an

unusual reproductive habitat for this species, but the

2011-2012 rainy season was almost dry and no extrapolation

can be made from the occurrence, even if adults have

occasionally been observed in similar lotic systems. Looking

at the distribution map of the species, it appears that

D.

lefebvrii completes its life cycle widely in Algarve. To the one

square drawn after the survey of LOHR (2005)

_{nine more}

squares were added after the surveys that I conducted.

Besides the exuviae, I searched for adults, and collected a

few available data based on other sources. The distribution

of the species on the wing was further enlarged, and from

(19) FERREIRA, S. & J.M. GROSSO-SILVA (2006) On the Dragonflies of Portugal - Study of a collection from the 1980s (Insecta, Odonata). Boletín

de la Asociación española de Entomología, 30(3/4): 11-23. (20) GARDINER, A.J. & P. STURGESS (1995) Dragonflies on Quinta da Rocha in 1994. In: A Rocha

Observatory Report for the Year 1994: 50-53. A Rocha

30

the six squares provided by published data (five only with

adults and one with exuviae and adults) it was updated to

27 squares (17 only with adults and 10 with exuviae and

adults).

Figure 8. Distribution of Diplacodes lefebvrii in Algarve (5 km side squares grid)

Orange squares: adults and exuviae - new data from Ribeira das Alfambras, from ponds

near Almarjão, Bemparece, Carrascalinho, Serominheiro, Vale Fuzeiros, Sesmarias, Cova da Muda, Ribeira do Álamo and Aldeia Nova (brackish pond), from lago 14, lago pequeno, lago grande and lago grande W (Morgado do Reguengo Golf), and from Barragem de Vale de Boi, Barragem dos Álamos, Barragem de Vale do Asno and Barragem da Arrancadinha, 2011 to 2013; data by LOHR (2005)2 _{from ponds near Maria Vinagre (where exuviae were}

found), 2003; by DE KNIJF & DEMOLDER (2010)3 _{from ponds near Bemparece, Piegões}

and Vale Fuzeiros, 2008.

Blue squares: adults - new data from Parque Municipal do Sítio das Fontes de Estômbar and

Lago de São Lourenço (Quinta do Lago), from ponds near Pedra Alva, Javali, Castelhanos and Bentos, from Barragem da Boiça and Barragem do Pessegueiro, and from Ribeira de Algibre, 2011 to 2013; data by FERREIRA & GROSSO-SILVA 2006)19 _{from a pond near}

Odeleite, 1985; by DE KNIJF & DEMOLDER (2010)3 _{from a pond near São Bartolomeu}

de Messines, 2008; by Helder Conceição (photograph posted in Flickr) from Mata da Conceição de Tavira, 2009; by José Viana (photograph posted in Flickr) from Lago de São Lourenço (Quinta do Lago), 2010; by Tom Kompier (photograph posted in Biodiversity4All. org) from a pond near Alcaria, 2010; by Dinis Cortes (pers. comm.) from Praia do Evaristo, 2011; by Florian Weihrauch (pers. comm.) from Ribeira do Vascão, near the bridge of the N122/IC27, 2006; by Guillaume Réthoré (pers. comm.) from a pond near Alcaria, 2013; by Martin Hodges (pers. comm.) from Paul de Budens, 2011; by Nelson Fonseca (pers. comm.) from Silves Golf, 2010 to 2012, and a pond near Açor, 2012.

Grey square: data by GARDINER & STURGESS (1995)20_{, GARDINER & WALLIS}

(1996)21 _{and JONES (1996)}22 _{from Quinta da Rocha, 1994 and 1995.}

Brachythemis impartita

Successful breeding of

Brachythemis impartita (Karsch,

1890) in Algarve is reported here for the first time. Adults

were found and exuviae were collected in Barragem do

Morgado do Reguengo in 2012 and 2013. A few adults

were observed in the proximities of Vilamoura, as well as

in the brackish pond of Aldeia Nova where I unsuccessfully

tried to find exuviae. The species was firstly reported from

31

(21) GARDINER, A.J. & P. WALLIS (1996) Insect recording on Quinta da Rocha in 1995. In: A Rocha

Observatory Report for the Year 1995: 58-67. A Rocha

Trust, Portimão. (22) JONES, S.P. (1996) Notes and observations on dragonflies in southern Portugal. In: Jödicke, R. (ed.), Studies on Iberian Dragonflies. Advances in

Odonatology, Suppl. 1:

113-116.

Algarve by GARDINER (1997)

_{, but as B. leucosticta.}

Meanwhile the occurrence of an enormous population of

B. impartita in the margins of the Barragem do Alqueva is

known, where DE KNIJF & DEMOLDER (2010)

_counted

more than 10,000 adults in 2008. Another population was

recently observed in the margins of the Barragem da Mina

de São Domingos, both in Alentejo.

Figure 9. Distribution of Brachythemis impartita in Algarve (5 km side squares grid)

Orange square: adults and exuviae - new data from Barragem do Morgado do Reguengo

(Morgado do Reguengo Golf), 2012 and 2013.

Blue squares: adults - new data from Vilamoura, 2011, and from Aldeia Nova (brackish

pond), 2013; by Guillaume Réthoré (pers. comm.) from Vilamoura, 2013.

Grey square: data by GARDINER (1997)7_.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Christophe Brochard and Ewoud van der Ploeg for

confirming identification of

O. trinacria and D. lefebvrii

exuviae, Adolfo Cordero for information about O. curtisii,

Jorge Papa for facilities in Morgado do Reguengo Golf.

Thanks to Florian Weihrauch, Guillaume Réthoré, Helder

Conceição, João Tiago Tavares, José Viana, Manuel Dinis

Cortes, Martin Hodges, Nelson Fonseca, Nelson Viegas

and Tom Kompier, who contributed with data.

Odonatological advances in the Algarve region, Portugal.

Nuno de Santos Loureiro

Keywords: Odonata, Algarve, Faunistic

Avances odonatológicos en la región del Algarve, Portugal.

Nuno de Santos Loureiro

32

33

Los Odonatos ibéricos en la

colección de Entomología del Museo

Nacional de Ciencias Naturales

(MNCN-CSIC)

Mercedes París

_{, Sonia Ferreira}

_{, José Mañani}

_{, Andrea}

Parrón

_{, Florent Prunier}

_{, Javier Ripoll}

_{& Silvia Saldaña}

1. Colección de Entomología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales

(MNCN-CSIC), c/ José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2. 28006 Madrid, España

* autor para correspondencia [email protected]

2. CIBIO/InBIO - Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos

Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal

3 Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade

do Porto, Rua Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal

4. Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Ciencias

Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. c/ José Antonio Novais

2. 28040 Madrid, España

5. Asociación de Educación Ambiental El Bosque Animado. C/ Maestro

Priego López, 7, 2D 14004 Córdoba, España

RESUMEN

En este trabajo se da a conocer la composición taxonómica

y geográfica de los ejemplares de odonatos ibéricos

conservados en la colección de Entomología del MNCN. En

dicha colección se conservan 62 especies (cerca del 80%

de las conocidas en la península ibérica). Sympecma fusca,

Sympetrum fonscolombii, Ischnura graellsii e I. elegans son

las especies mejor representadas en la colección. El material

procede de capturas realizadas desde finales del siglo XIX

hasta la actualidad, con una importante disminución de

ejemplares colectados en los últimos años. Respecto a su

procedencia, destaca el volumen de material colectado en

las comunidades de Madrid, Andalucía, Castilla y León y

Castilla-La Mancha. Resaltar la importancia de esta colección

en lo que respecta al registro histórico de los ejemplares

que en ella se conservan.

ABSTRACT

34

the Iberian Odonata preserved in the MNCN Entomology

collection. The collection includes 62 species (almost 80% of

the total species known in the Iberian Peninsula). Sympecma

fusca, Sympetrum fonscolombii, Ischnura graellsii

and I.

elegans are the species represented by the largest number

of specimens in the collection. Specimens were captured

since the end of the XIX century to the present time, with

a significant decrease of captures in recent years. The

material was collected mainly in Madrid, Andalucía, Castilla

and León, and Castilla-La Mancha autonomous regions.

The collection is particularly important due to the historical

records of the specimens contained therein.

INTRODUCCIÓN

La colección de Entomología del MNCN tiene una larga

trayectoria a sus espaldas, que se remonta a mediados del

siglo XIX, aunque en ella se conserva material de origen

incluso más antiguo, como por ejemplo una parte de la

colección de hemípteros de Latreille (1762-1833) y algunas

cajas de himenópteros y lepidópteros de la colección Mieg

(1780-1859).

En el trabajo publicado en 1997 por Izquierdo y

colaboradoras

_{, donde se detalla el material que compone}

la colección de Entomología, se indicaba que había

7.458 ejemplares de odonatos conservados en seco en

esta colección, de los cuales 3.552 procedían de colectas

realizadas en la península ibérica.

Desde aquella fecha, en la que los ejemplares se

encontraban en proceso de revisión por Arturo Compte,

no se había actualizado la información sobre este material

hasta que, en 2009, Sonia Ferreira comenzó a revisar las

identificaciones y catalogar los ejemplares ibéricos. Fueron

necesarias varias estancias y alguna visita esporádica para

dejar prácticamente rematado el catálogo. Durante este

tiempo la colección ha sido también consultada en diversas

ocasiones por Francisco Campos Sánchez-Bordona y por

Jesús Selfa y Laia Fontana Bría. A finales de 2012, José

Mañani se interesa por el material colectado en Madrid y, a

raíz de ello, se ofrece a identificar una parte de material que

quedaba aún pendiente de estudio. Tras la identificación del

(1) Izquierdo, I., Martín, C., París, M. & Santos, C. (1997) La Colección de Entomología del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC).