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Cisco Networking Academy®

I Mind Wide Open'

Actividad de PT 2.1.7: Resolución de problemas de una interfaz serial

Diagrama de topología

Tabla de direccionamiento

Dispositivo

Interfaz

Dirección IP

Máscara de subred

FaO/0

192.168.10.1

255.255.255.0

R1

SO/0/0

10.1.1.1

255.255.255.252

SO/0/0

10.1.1.2

255.255.255.252

SO/0/1

10.2.2.1

255.255.255.252

R2

SO/1/0

209.165.200.225

255.255.255.224

FaO/0

192.168.30.1

255.255.255.0

R3

SO/0/0

10.2.2.2

255.255.255.252

SO/0/0

209.165.200.226

255.255.255.224

ISP

FaO/0

209.165.200.1

255.255.255.252

Web Server

NIC

209.165.200.2

255.255.255.252

PC1

NIC

192.168.10.10

255.255.255.0

PC3

NIC

192.168.30.10

255.255.255.0

Objetivos de aprendizaje

• Probar la conectividad

Investigar problemas de conectividad mediante la recopilación de información

Implementar la solución y probar la conectividad

Todo el contenido es Copyright © 1992–2007 de Cisco Systems, Inc.

Todos los derechos reservados. Este documento es información pública de Cisco. Página 1 de 3

(2)

CCNA Exploration Acceso a la WAN: PPP

Actividad del PT 2.1.7: Resolución de problemas de una interfaz serial

Introducción

En esta actividad, sólo tiene acceso a la petición de entrada de comandos de PC1 y PC3.

Para solucionar los problemas en los routers e implementar las soluciones, debe establecer

una conexión Telnet de la PC1 o la PC3. Esta actividad se completa cuando alcanza el 100%

y la PC1 puede hacer ping a la PC3.

Tarea 1: Probar la conectividad

Paso 1: Utilizar el ping para probar la conectividad de extremo a extremo.

Espere a que las luces de enlace en S1 y S3 cambien de

ámbar a verde. Luego, desde la petición de entrada de

comandos de PC1, haga ping a PC3. Este ping debe

fallar.

Paso 2: Utilizar traceroute para detectar dónde falla la conectividad.

En la petición de entrada de comandos de PC1, utilice el comando

tracert

para determinar

dónde falla la conexión.

Línea de comando 1.0 de la PC de Packet

Tracer PC>tracert 192.168.30.10

(3)

Utilice la combinación de teclas Ctrl-C para salir del comando

tracert

. ¿Cuál es el último

router que responde a

tracert

?

EL ROUTER R1 (192.168.10.1) hay comunicación con el

interface Fa0/0, pero no continua por la S0/0/0/

Paso 3: Documentar los síntomas del problema.

NO HAY COMUNICACIÓN A TRAVES DEL PUERTO SERIE 0/0/0 DEL ROUTER R1 CON EL

RESTO DE LA RED

Tarea 2: Reunir información acerca del problema

Paso 1: Acceder al último router que respondió al paquete traceroute.

Establezca una conexión Telnet al último router que respondió a

tracert

. Utilice

cisco

y

class

como contraseñas de Telnet y enable, respectivamente.

Paso 2: Utilizar los comandos de resolución de problemas para investigar por qué este

router quizá no envía el rastreo al siguiente salto.

Utilice los siguientes comandos para aislar problemas específicos con la interfaz serial:

show ip interface brief

show interfaces serial

show controllers serial

El comando

show ip interface brief

indica si una interfaz se configuró correctamente y si

se puso en línea correctamente con el comando

no shutdown

.

El comando

show interface serial

proporciona más información sobre la interfaz que está

fallando. Indica uno de los cinco estados posibles:

Serial x is down, line protocol is down

Serial x is up, line protocol is down

Serial x is up, line protocol is up (looped)

Serial x is up, line protocol is down (disabled)

Serial x is administratively down, line protocol is down

El comando

show interface serial

también muestra qué encapsulación se está utilizando en la

interfaz. Para esta actividad, todos los routers deben utilizar la encapsulación HDLC.

El comando

show controllers serial

indica el estado de los canales de la interfaz y si un cable

está conectado a la interfaz o no.

Es probable que también deba verificar la configuración del router conectado para detectar el

problema.

Paso 3: Documentar el problema y sugerir soluciones.

¿Cuáles son algunas posibles razones por las que puede fallar un enlace serial?

UN INTERFACE SERIE PUEDE DAR FALLO SI EL INTERFACE NO ESTA ACTIVO, SI EL

CABLE ESTA CONECTADO A UNA INTERFACE ERRONEA, SI LA VELOCIDAD DE RELOJ

NO ES LA MISMA EN LOS DOS EXTREMOS DEL SERIAL, SI NO TIENE CONFIGURADAS

LAS IP’s Y MASCARAS DE RED DE LOS INTERFACES Y ADEMAS EL PROTOCOLO DE

ENCAPSULACION DEBE SER LA MISMA.

(4)

Tarea 3: Implementar la solución y probar la conectividad

Paso 1: Realizar los cambios según las soluciones sugeridas en la Tarea 2.

Paso 2: Utilizar el ping para probar la conectividad de extremo a extremo.

En la línea de comandos del router o la PC1, utilice los comandos

ping

y

tracert

para

probar la conectividad a la PC3.

Si los pings fallan, regrese a la Tarea 2 para continuar con la resolución de problemas. Es

posible que en algún momento deba comenzar la resolución de problemas desde la PC3.

Paso 3. Verificar los resultados.

Haga clic en

Verificar resultados

y luego en la ficha

Pruebas de conectividad

. La

Prueba de conectividad debe tener éxito ahora.

(5)

Paso 4. Resumir los resultados.

Problema 1: ROUTER R1. INTERFACE SERIE 0/0/0 TIENE CONFIURADA LA

ENCAPSULACION PPP, SIN EMBARGO ESTAMOS UTILIZANDO ENCAPSULACION HDLC

Solución 1: CONFIGURAR EL INTERFACE SERIE 0/0/0 DEL ROUTER R1 CON

ENCAPSULACION HDLC

Problema 2: ROUTER R2. INTERFACE SERIE 0/0/1. NO TIENE ACTIVADA LA SEÑAL DE

RELOJ

Solución 2: ACTIVAR LA SEÑAL DE RELOJ Y CONFIGURARLA A 64.000 COMO EL OTRO

EXTREMO DEL CABLE SERIAL CON R3

Problema 3: ROUTER R3. INTERFACE SERIE 0/0/0 NO TIENE EL CABLE CONECTADO. EN

LA TABLA DE DIRECCIONAMIENTO FIGURA LA CONEXIÓN EN 0/0/0, PERO ESTA

CONECTADO A LA INTERFACE SERIE 0/0/1

Solución 3: ACTIVAMOS LA INTERFACE SERIAL 0/0/1, QUE ES DONDE ESTA

CONECTADO EL CABLE SERIE.

(6)

PC1 A TOUTER R1

*****************************************************************

PC>telnet 192.168.10.1

Trying 192.168.10.1 ...OpenAUTHORIZED ACCESS ONLY User Access Verification

Password: R1>en Password:

R1#show ip interface brief

Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.10.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Serial0/0/0 10.1.1.1 YES manual up down

Serial0/0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down R1#

R1#show interface serial 0/0/0

Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is down (disabled) Hardware is HD64570

Description: Link to R2

Internet address is 10.1.1.1/30

MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) LCP Closed

Closed: LEXCP, BRIDGECP, IPCP, CCP, CDPCP, LLC2, BACP Last input never, output never, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair

Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/0/256 (active/max active/max total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer

Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 0 carrier transitions

DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up R1#

R1#

R1#show controllers serial 0/0/0 Interface Serial0/0/0

Hardware is PowerQUICC MPC860 DCE V.35, clock rate 64000

idb at 0x81081AC4, driver data structure at 0x81084AC0 SCC Registers:

General [GSMR]=0x2:0x00000000, Protocol-specific [PSMR]=0x8 Events [SCCE]=0x0000, Mask [SCCM]=0x0000, Status [SCCS]=0x00 Transmit on Demand [TODR]=0x0, Data Sync [DSR]=0x7E7E Interrupt Registers:

Config [CICR]=0x00367F80, Pending [CIPR]=0x0000C000 Mask [CIMR]=0x00200000, In-srv [CISR]=0x00000000 Command register [CR]=0x580

Port A [PADIR]=0x1030, [PAPAR]=0xFFFF [PAODR]=0x0010, [PADAT]=0xCBFF Port B [PBDIR]=0x09C0F, [PBPAR]=0x0800E [PBODR]=0x00000, [PBDAT]=0x3FFFD Port C [PCDIR]=0x00C, [PCPAR]=0x200

[PCSO]=0xC20, [PCDAT]=0xDF2, [PCINT]=0x00F Receive Ring

rmd(68012830): status 9000 length 60C address 3B6DAC4 rmd(68012838): status B000 length 60C address 3B6D444 Transmit Ring

(7)

R1# R1#

R1#configure t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R1(config)#interface serial 0/0/0

R1(config-if)#encapsulation hdlc R1(config-if)#^Z

R1#show ip interface brief

Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.10.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Serial0/0/0 10.1.1.1 YES manual up up

Serial0/0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down R1#

R1#exit

PC1 A TOUTER R2

*****************************************************************

[Connection to 192.168.10.1 closed by foreign host] PC>telnet 10.1.1.2

Trying 10.1.1.2 ...OpenAUTHORIZED ACCESS ONLY User Access Verification

Password: R2>en Password:

R2#show ip interface brief

Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES manual administratively down down FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Serial0/0/0 10.1.1.2 YES manual up up

Serial0/0/1 10.2.2.1 YES manual down down Serial0/1/0 209.165.200.225 YES manual up up Serial0/1/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down R2#show interface serial 0/0/0

Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up (connected) Hardware is HD64570

Description: Link to R1

Internet address is 10.1.1.2/30

MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input never, output never, output hang never

Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair

Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/0/256 (active/max active/max total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec

5 minute input rate 50 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 61 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 96 packets input, 4006 bytes, 0 no buffer

Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 85 packets output, 4215 bytes, 0 underruns

(8)

0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 0 carrier transitions

DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up R2#

R2#show interface serial 0/0/1

Serial0/0/1 is down, line protocol is down (disabled) Hardware is HD64570

Description: Link to R3

Internet address is 10.2.2.1/30

MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input never, output never, output hang never

Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair

Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/0/256 (active/max active/max total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer

Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 0 carrier transitions

DCD=down DSR=down DTR=down RTS=down CTS=down R2#

R2#show controllers serial 0/0/0 Interface Serial0/0/0

Hardware is PowerQUICC MPC860 DTE V.35 TX and RX clocks detected

idb at 0x81081AC4, driver data structure at 0x81084AC0 SCC Registers:

General [GSMR]=0x2:0x00000000, Protocol-specific [PSMR]=0x8 Events [SCCE]=0x0000, Mask [SCCM]=0x0000, Status [SCCS]=0x00 Transmit on Demand [TODR]=0x0, Data Sync [DSR]=0x7E7E Interrupt Registers:

Config [CICR]=0x00367F80, Pending [CIPR]=0x0000C000 Mask [CIMR]=0x00200000, In-srv [CISR]=0x00000000 Command register [CR]=0x580

Port A [PADIR]=0x1030, [PAPAR]=0xFFFF [PAODR]=0x0010, [PADAT]=0xCBFF Port B [PBDIR]=0x09C0F, [PBPAR]=0x0800E [PBODR]=0x00000, [PBDAT]=0x3FFFD Port C [PCDIR]=0x00C, [PCPAR]=0x200

[PCSO]=0xC20, [PCDAT]=0xDF2, [PCINT]=0x00F Receive Ring

rmd(68012830): status 9000 length 60C address 3B6DAC4 rmd(68012838): status B000 length 60C address 3B6D444 Transmit Ring

R2#show controllers serial 0/0/1 Interface Serial0/0/1

Hardware is PowerQUICC MPC860 DCE V.35, no clock

idb at 0x81081AC4, driver data structure at 0x81084AC0 SCC Registers:

General [GSMR]=0x2:0x00000000, Protocol-specific [PSMR]=0x8 Events [SCCE]=0x0000, Mask [SCCM]=0x0000, Status [SCCS]=0x00 Transmit on Demand [TODR]=0x0, Data Sync [DSR]=0x7E7E Interrupt Registers:

Config [CICR]=0x00367F80, Pending [CIPR]=0x0000C000 Mask [CIMR]=0x00200000, In-srv [CISR]=0x00000000 Command register [CR]=0x580

Port A [PADIR]=0x1030, [PAPAR]=0xFFFF

(9)

Port B [PBDIR]=0x09C0F, [PBPAR]=0x0800E [PBODR]=0x00000, [PBDAT]=0x3FFFD Port C [PCDIR]=0x00C, [PCPAR]=0x200

[PCSO]=0xC20, [PCDAT]=0xDF2, [PCINT]=0x00F Receive Ring

rmd(68012830): status 9000 length 60C address 3B6DAC4 rmd(68012838): status B000 length 60C address 3B6D444 Transmit Ring

R2#configure t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R2(config)#interface serial 0/0/1

R2(config-if)#clock rate 64000 R2(config-if)#^Z

R2#show ip interface brief

Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES manual administratively down down FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Serial0/0/0 10.1.1.2 YES manual up up

Serial0/0/1 10.2.2.1 YES manual down down Serial0/1/0 209.165.200.225 YES manual up up Serial0/1/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down R2#show interface serial 0/0/1

Serial0/0/1 is down, line protocol is down (disabled) Hardware is HD64570

Description: Link to R3

Internet address is 10.2.2.1/30

MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input never, output never, output hang never

Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair

Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/0/256 (active/max active/max total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer

Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets

PC3 A ROUTER R3

***************************************************************

Packet Tracer PC Command Line 1.0 PC>telnet 192.168.30.1

Trying 192.168.30.1 ...OpenAUTHORIZED ACCESS ONLY User Access Verification

Password: R3>en Password:

R3#show ip interface brief

Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.30.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down

(10)

Serial0/0/0 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Serial0/0/1 10.2.2.2 YES manual administratively down down Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down R3#show interface serial 0/0/0

Serial0/0/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled) Hardware is HD64570

MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input never, output never, output hang never

Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair

Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/0/256 (active/max active/max total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer

Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

0 output errors, 0 collisions, 2 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 0 carrier transitions

R3#show controllers serial 0/0/0 Interface Serial0/0/0

Hardware is PowerQUICC MPC860 No serial cable attached

idb at 0x81081AC4, driver data structure at 0x81084AC0 SCC Registers:

General [GSMR]=0x2:0x00000000, Protocol-specific [PSMR]=0x8 Events [SCCE]=0x0000, Mask [SCCM]=0x0000, Status [SCCS]=0x00 Transmit on Demand [TODR]=0x0, Data Sync [DSR]=0x7E7E Interrupt Registers:

Config [CICR]=0x00367F80, Pending [CIPR]=0x0000C000 Mask [CIMR]=0x00200000, In-srv [CISR]=0x00000000 Command register [CR]=0x580

Port A [PADIR]=0x1030, [PAPAR]=0xFFFF [PAODR]=0x0010, [PADAT]=0xCBFF Port B [PBDIR]=0x09C0F, [PBPAR]=0x0800E [PBODR]=0x00000, [PBDAT]=0x3FFFD Port C [PCDIR]=0x00C, [PCPAR]=0x200

[PCSO]=0xC20, [PCDAT]=0xDF2, [PCINT]=0x00F Receive Ring

rmd(68012830): status 9000 length 60C address 3B6DAC4 rmd(68012838): status B000 length 60C address 3B6D444 Transmit Ring

R3#configure t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R3(config-if)#interface serial 0/0/1

R3(config-if)#no shutdown R3(config-if)#^Z

R3#show ip interface brief

Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.30.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Serial0/0/0 unassigned YES manual down down Serial0/0/1 10.2.2.2 YES manual up up

Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down R3#

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Referencias

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