APLICACIONES PRÁCTICAS

Están limitadas al ejercicio y practica tecnológica sólo en las Estaciones Reparadoras autorizadas por Boeing.

En el caso de Seman-Perú es satisfactorio saber que personal técnico y profesional tanto de procedencia civil y militar de nuestro país realizan estos trabajos de alta calificación alternando con personal de otros países sin la menor restricción.

CONCLUSIONES

1. Para ser aprobado por Boeing la fabricación de un elemento fabricado en la estación reparadora se requiere de los planos y detalle técnico aprobado por Boeing, con lo que se elige el material indicado que también esta normalizado.

2. En el proceso de fabricación está establecido el uso máquinas y herramientas adecuados, como: tornos, fresadoras, cepillos, taladros, cuchillas, fresas, brocas, limas, lijas y refrigerantes, para que el producto acabado sea de buena calidad.

3. Las Normas de Boeing establecen que todas las pruebas necesarias que indican los planos y manuales para la fabricación deben cumplirse:

tratamiento térmico (templado, revenido, envejecimiento, alivio de tensiones), procesos especiales (limpieza total para quitar residuos de virutas, grasas, etc.), NDT (líquido penetrante), alodine (recubrimiento anticorrosivo) y pintado.

4. En aviación los fittings corroídos y/o rajados no deben ser reparados porque así lo establecen las Normas de Aviación.

5. En toda reparación para información se recurre a los manuales de mantenimiento como: SRM, OVERHAUL MANUAL, JOB CARO, SERVICE REWORK O SERVICE BULLETIN, ILUSTRATED PARTS CATALOG (IPC), GMM Y ROO SKETCH.

RECOMENDACIONES

1. Leer correctamente los planos y el detalle técnico que indica Boeing, que se encuentran en el expediente respectivo, contrastando con los manuales de servicio antes de tomar decisiones

2. Utilizar adecuadamente las máquinas herramientas según recomendaciones de Boeing a fin de evitar posteriores observaciones al trabajo realizado

3. Ceñirse a las normas de Boeing para efectuar pruebas en el elemento fabricado. Si existen dudas, recurrir a las instancias correspondientes previa documentación y hacer lo correcto.

4. No insistir en reparar los fittins aunque se cuente con tecnología que puede garantizar el trabajo, solo se debe fabricar uno nu~vo. De esta toma de decisiones depende la imagen y certificación de toda estación reparadora para Boeing.

5. Conservar en Archivos, los trabajos que se realizan, para cuando se necesitan esté a la mano. Medio siglo de experiencia en la reparación de aeronaves ligeras, medianas y pesadas, tanto civiles como militares garantizan un producto final altamente confiable en SEMAN-PERU.

ANEXOS

REPAIR SPECIFlCATlON #2003-05 Component Fabrication Per Sample

USE: Thls uocumcnl is lo be ::pplicll when Approvtd ATl FAR 1-15 Vendar.; h:~vc bccn lnHructed lo f:~bric::le components on A"l"l's beh:llf for u~e on ATI Owncd 1 Opcr:~ted :\.lrcr::.it On\y.

REASOi'l: To clpclllle rcpl:lccmcnt or "Finitc" components ur thosc re'luiring exccsslve \e:: U tirncs.

D..\CKCROIJi'/0: Conslderlng the tlm~ In scrvicc o[ the DC-3 o\rfnme, m:~ny camponcnts úe becoming ¡-:¡re or úirficult ta obl:lln. This c:ln c::usc i:lri;:'c d~l:lys In rcturn to scrYice. Thc F.-\A pravitlcs awncrs 1 oper.1tors thc :uJthoriry to f::brlc::.tc camponents{F.-\R }l.JQJ (b) (2)) x:n bcln~ 11n FAA 121 opcr"ltor complies with th\s

rC!juirement ~nd h::s thc ::.uthor\ry ta [:lbric::.te campancnts.

Specification: When requirement lo fabricale a eomponenl for an AT\ aircraft is identífied. This procedure wi\1 be coordinated thru ATI Quality Control.

1. O.:K. To fabric:.ate will ba given by ATI a.C. Prior to any fabrication beginning.

2. Orignal material usad wi\1 be identifiad 1 Rep\acement materi:Jis will hava documentad certifica !ion thélt it me:ts a\1 speciflcations of the originally used méllerial.

3. Procedures lar manufacture of original compomml wi\1 be used in the fabdc2tion of the replacemenl componen\.

(E.G. Bonding, Aging, Hardening, Fastenlng, Cuttlng, Welding, Shaping, Micro Finishing, Coaling,Trealing ETC) 4. ATI ac will fnspecl componen! fabricatlon. \l js riOT lhe responsibility of a.c. to ·produce añy oftha required ----

malarials or doc~.:~mentaUon. Furthermore a~ ATI a.c. \s lunctioning asan Inspector. Nona of the work may be

· complete'd by ATI a.c.

él. From start to finsh of tha fabric:.ation pror.ess. aoproved manua\s, melhods and materials will be striclv adhered lo.

b. ATI a~C.~illlnspect tvlaterial/ Certs Prior to work beginning.

c. ATI a.c wiit revié\v support document.s relating lo original componenl m<Jt~rials and mélnufactura lechniquas.

d,. A TI O.C wit\ complete ATI PCT, Fqrm ATI-008 Prior to installatlon.

e.

f.

Upon completion of lhe co.mponent it ~Úi retain the original P/t'l wilh the ATI03-05 Suffix added Al! documentation witl be ~aintaine_d,in compllance wilh ATI GMM.

Approved 08-07~20;7 / , /

ATÍ

Reliabili}y

i j . ~/.__---

Mark McKenna

t/ 7

ATI Director Quality Control '---/,;:;/ Jeff Nord

,~

~gu&atio_ns

u des Parts 1, 13, 21, 23, 27, 33, 35,39,43945,47,65,91,

J&l,."ft25, 135,145,147, 183·

risory· Circulars 20-620, 20-1 09A,

·¡ 2A~ 39-7C, 43-98, 43.9-1 E, · il1 B, and 65·19G

3Jbrñdged FAR Parts and .ACs

Technicians

U.S. Oepartment of Transportation Regulations

From Title 14 of the

Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR)

·,FUERZA AEREA DEL PERU< !NvE 20

Subpart D- Limited Ratings for Manufacturers

¡\uthority: Secs. 313(a), 601, 602, 605, and 607, 72 Stat. 752; 49

u.s.C. 1354(a), 1421,1422, 1425, and 1427.

source: Docket No.1221, 31 FR 5249, Apr. 1, 1966, unless other- wise noted.

§ 145.101 Application and issue.

(a} Upon application in a form and manner prescribed by the Administrator, a repair station certificate with a limited rating for a manutacturer may be issued without further showing to-

(1) The holder or licensee of a Type Certificate who has an approved production inspection system;

(2) The holder of a Production Certificate;

(3) Any person who meets the requirements of § 21.303 of this chapter, and has the prescribed Fabrication lnspection System; and

(4) The holder of a Technical Standard Order {TSO) autho- ization.

(b} Limited ratings are issued under paragraph (a) of this

;ection for-

{1) Aircraft manufacturad by the holder of the rating under 1 Type Certifica te ora Production Certificate;

(2) Aircraft engines manufacturad by the holder of the rat- ng under a Type Certificate or a Production Certificate;

(3) Propellers manufactured by the holder of the rating un- jera Type Certificate or a Production Certificate;

(4) Appliances manufacturad by the holder of the rating (i) mder a Type Certificate, (ii) under a Production Certificate, iii) under a TSO authorization, or (iv) in accordance with

¡ 21.303 of this chapter; and

(5) Parts manufacturad by the holder of the rating under a

·so

authorization or in acccirdance with § 21.303 of this

:hapter. 1

i 145.103 Privileges of certificates.

(a) The holder of a repair station certificate issued under his subpart may maintain and approve for return to service tny article for which it is rated, and perform preventive main- enance on that article, if certificated mechanics or repair- nen are employed directly in charge of the maintenance and )reventive maintenance.

(b) The privileges granted under this section apply to any Jcation or facility unless the certificate limits the holder to :pecific locations or facilities.

i 145;105 Performance standards.

Except as provided in § 145.2, each holder of a certificate

;sued under this subpart shall perform its maintenance and 'feventive maintenance operations in accordance with part 3 of this chapter.

~mdt. 145-7, 31 FR 10614, Aug. 9, 1966]

\SA 1999

APPENDIX A TO PART 145

Note: When an asterisk (*) is shown after any job function listed in this appendix it indicates that the applicant need no1 have the equipment and material on his premises for per·

forming this job function provided he contracts that particular type work to an outside agency having such equipment and material.

(a) An applicant for a Class 1, 2, 3, or 4 airframe rating must provide equipment and material necessary for effi- ciently performing the following job functions:

(1) Steel structural components:

Repair or replace steel tubes and fittings using the proper welding techniques when appropriate.

Anticorrosion treatment of the interior and exterior of steel parts,

Metal plating or anodizing*,

Simple machine operations such as making bushings, bolts, etc.,

Complex machine operations involving the use of planers, shapers, milling machines, etc.*,

Fabricate steel fittings,

Abrasive air blasting and chemical cleaning operations*, Heat treatment*,

Magnetic inspection*, Repair or rebuilt metal tanks*.

{2) Wood structure:

Splice wood spars,

Repair ribs and spars (wood), Fabricate wood spars*, Repair or replace metal ribs, Interior alignment of wings, · Repair or replace plywood skin, Treatment against wood decay.

(3) Alloy skin and structural components: :

Repair and replace metal skin, using poiNer tools and equipment,

Repair and.replace alloy members and components such as tubes, channels, cowlings, fittings, attach angles, etc.,

Alignment of components using jigs or fixtures as in the case of joining fuselage sections or other similar operations,

Make up wooden forming blocks or dies, Fluorescent inspection of alloy components*,

Fabricate alloy members and components such as tubes, channels, cowlings, fittings, attach angles, etc.*

(4) Fabric covering:

Repairs to fabric surfaces,

Recoveríng and refinishing of components and entire air- craft*.

(5) Control systems:

Renewing control cables, using swaging and splicing tech-

niques, ·

Rigging complete control system,

Renewing or repairing all control system hinge point com- ponents such as pins, bushings, etc.,

Instan control system units and components.

(6) Landing gear systems:

Renew or repair all landing gear hinge point components and attachments such as bolts, bushings, fittings, etc.,

Overhaul and repair elastic shock absorber units,

Overhaul and repair hydraulic-pneumatic shock absorber units*,

555

1erhaul and ;epair brake system components*, mduct retraction cycle tests,

1erhaul and repair electrical circuits,

terhaul and repair hydraulic system components*, :pair or fabricate hydraulic lines.

1 Electric wiring systems:

agnose malfunctions, lpair or replace wiring,

>lallation of electrical equipment,

nch check electrical components (this check is not to be 1sed with the more complex functional test after over-

Assembly operations:

sembly of airframe componen! parts such as landing wings, controls, etc.,

¡ging and alignment of airframe components, including :>mplete aircraft and control system,

tallation of powerplants,

tallation of instruments and accessories,

;embly and fitting of cowling, fairings, etc.,

>air and assembly of plastic components such as wind- s, windows, etc.,

k or hoist complete aircraft.

1duct aircraft weight and balance operations (this func- ill be conducted in draft-free arear'

ance control surfaces.

An applicant for any class of powerplant rating must 'e equipment and material necessary for efficiently per-

9 the following job functions appropriate to the class of applied for:

:::lasses 1 and 2.

1aintain and alter powerplants, including replacement

:s:

mica! and mechanical cleaning, :ssembly operations,

lacement of valve guides and seats*,

acement of bushings, bearings, pins, inserts, etc., ng operations (copper, silver, cadmium, etc.)*, :ing operations (involving the use of recommended

¡ues requiring controlled heating facilities), ing or shrinking operations,

oval and replacement of studs,

·ibing or affixing identification information, ting of powerplants and components, :orrosion treatment for parts,

acement and repair of powerplant alloy sheet metal

·el components such as baffles, fittings, etc.*

spect all parts, using appropriate inspection aids:

1etic, fluorescent and other acceptable inspection se determination of clearances and tolerances of all ction for alignment of connecting rods, crankshafts,

· shafts, etc.,

1cing of parts, including crankshafts, impellers, etc.*, ction of valve springs.

~complish routine machine work:

>ion grinding, honing and lapping operations (in- :rankshaft, cylinder barreis, etc.)*,

Precision drilling, tapping, boring, milling and cutting op

. * ~

at1ons ,

Reaming of inserts, bushings, bearings and other similar components, ·

Refacing of valves.

(iv) Perform assembly operations:

Valve and ignition timing operations, Fabricate and test ignition harnesses, Fabricate and test rigid and flexible fluid lines, Prepare engines for long- or short-term storage,

Functional check powerplant accessories (this check is not to be confused with the more complex performance test of overhaul)*,

Hoist engines by mechanical means, lnstall engines in aircraft*,

Align and adjust engine controls*,

lnstallation of engines in aircraft and alignment and adjust.

ment of engine controls, when completed, must be in- spected by either an appropriately rated certificated me- chanic or certificated repairman. Persons supervising or inspecting these functions must thoroughly understand the pertinent installation details involved.

(v) Test overhauled powerplants in_compliance with manu- facturers' recommendations: The test equipment will be the same as recommended by the manufacturers of the particu- lar engines undergoing test or equivalen! equipment that will accomplish the same purpose. The testing function may be performed by the repair station itself, or m ay be contracted to an outside agency. In either case the repair station will be re- sponsible for the final acceptance of the tested engine.

(2) Class 3. Functional and equipment requirements for turbine engines will be governed entirely by the recommen- dations of the manufacturer, including techniques, inspection methods, and test.

(e) An applicant for any class of propeller rating must pro- vide equipment and material necessary for efficiently per- forming the following job functions appropriate to the class of rating applied for:

(1) Class 1.

(i) Maintain and alter propellers, including installation and replacement of parts:

Replace blade tipping, Refinish wood propellers, Make wood inlays, Refinish plastic blades,

Straighten bent blades within repairable tolerances, Modify blade diameter and profile,

Polish and buff, Painting operations,

Remove from and reinstall on powerplants.

(ii) lnspect components, using appropriate inspection aids:

lnspect propellers for conformity with manufacturer's drawings and specifications,

lnspect hubs and blades for failures and defects, using magnetic or fluorescent inspection devices*,

lnspect hub·s and blades for failures and defects, using all visual aids, including the etching of parts,

lnspect hubs for wear of splines or keyways or any other defect.

ASA 1999

(iii) Repair or replace components: (Not applicable to this class).

(iv) Balance propellers:

Test for proper track on aircraft,

Test for horizontal and vertical unbalance (this test will be accomplished with the use of precision equipment).

(v) Test propeller pitch-changing mechanisms: (Not appli- cable to this class).

(2) Class 2.

(i) Maintain and alter propellers, including installation and the replacement of parts:

Al! functions listed under paragraph (c)(1 )(i) of this appen- dix when applicable to the make and model propeller for which a rating is sought,

Properly lubricate moving parts,

Assemble complete propeller and subassemblies, using special tools when required.

(ii) lnspect components, using appropriate inspection aids: All functions listed under paragraph (c)(1 )(ii) of this ap- pendix when applicable to the make and model propeller for which a rating is sought.

(iii) Repair or replace componen! parts:

Replace blades, hubs, or any of their components, Repair or replace anti-icing devices,

Remove nicks or scratches from metal blades, Repair or replace electrical propeller components.

(iv) Balance propellers: Al! functions listed under para- graph (c){1 )(iv) of this appendix when applicable to the make and model propeller for which a rating is sought.

(v) Test propeller pitch-changing mechanism:

Test hydraulically, propellers and components, Test electrically operated propellers and components, Test of constan! speed devices'.

{d) An applicant for a radio rating must provide equipment and materials as follows:

{1) For a Class 1 (Communications) radio rating, the equipment and materials necessary for efficiently performing the job functions listed in paragraph (4) and the following job functions:

The testing and repair of headsets, speakers, and micro- phones.

The measuring of radio transmitter power output.

(2) For a Class 2 (Navigation) radio rating, the equipment and materials necessary for efficiently performing the job func- tions listed in paragraph (4) and the following job functions:

The testing and repair of headsets.

The testing of speakers.

The repair of speakers. •

The measuring of loop antenna sensitivity by appropriate nethods.

The determination and compensation for quadrantal error n aircraft direction finder radio equipment.

The calibration of any radio navigational equipment, en-

·oute and approach aids, or similar equipment, appropriate o this ~ating to approved performance standards.

(3) For Class 3 (Radar) radio rating, the equipment and naterials necessary for efficiently performing the job func-

ions listed in paragraph (4) and the following job functions:

The measuring of radio transmitter power output.

!\SA 1999

The metal plating of transmission lines, wave guides, ar:

similar equipment in accordance with appropriate specificé tions.·

The pressurization of appropriate radar equipment wit dry air, nitrogen, or other specified gases.

(4) Foral! classes of radio ratings, the equipment and m¡

terials necessary for efficiently performing the following jo functions:

Perform physical inspection of radio systems and comp<

nents by visual and mechanical methods.

Perform electrical inspection of radio systems and comp<

nents by means of appropriate electrical and/or electroni test instruments.

Check aircraft .wiring, antennas, connectors, relays, an other associated radio components to detect installatio faults.

Check engine ignition systems and aircraft accessories t determine sources of electrical interference.

Check aircraft power supplies for adequacy and prope functioning.

Test radio instruments. *

Overhaul, test, and check dynamotors, inverters, an other radio electrical apparatus. •

Paint and refinish equipment containers. *

Accomplish appropriate methods of marking calibration~

or other information on radio control panels and other corr ponents, as required. *

Make and reproduce drawings, wiring diagrams, and othe similar material required to record alterations and/or modif cations to radio (photographs may be used in lieu of dra"' ings when they will serve as an equivalen! or better mean of recording).*

Fabricate tuning shaft assemblies, brackets, cable assem blies, and other similar components used in radios or aircrai radio installations. * ~'·· ·

Align tuned circuits (RF and IF).

lnstall and repair aircraft antennas.

lnstall complete radio systems in aircraft and prepan weight and balance reports* (That phase of radio installatiot requiring alterations to the aircraft structure must be per formed, supervised, and inspected by qualifiedpersonnel).

Measure modulation values, noise, and distortion in radios Measure audio and radio frequencies to appropriate toler ances and perform calibration necessary for the proper op eration of radios.

Measure radio componen! values (inductance, capaci lance, resistance, etc.).

Measure radio frequency transmission line attenuation.

Determine wave forms and phase in radios when applicable Determine proper aircraft radio antenna, lead-in an<

transmission line characteristics and locations for type of ra dio equipment to which connected.

Determine operational condition of radio equipment in stalled in aitcraft by using appropriate portable test apparatus Determine proper location for radio antennas on aircraft.

Test all types of electronic tu bes, transistors, or similar de vices in equipment appropriate to the rating.

(e) An applicant for any class of instrument rating mus provide equipment and material necess'ary for efficiently per forming the following job functions, in accordance with perti

557

specifications and manufacturers' recommendations,

·opriate to the c!ass of rating applied for:

) Class 1.

Diagnose instrument malfunctions: Diagnose malfunc- ng of the following instruments:

lte of climb indicators, timeters,

· speed indicators, cuum indicators,

pressure gauges, el pressure gauges, draulic pressure gauges,

icing pressure gauges, ot-static tube,

ect indicating compasses,

~elerometer,

ect indicating tachometers, ect reading fue/ quantity gauges, tical (sextants, drift sights, etc.)*.

Maintain and alter instruments, including installation lplacement of parts:

lorm these functions on instruments listed under para- (e)(1 )(i) of this appendix.

function of installation includes fabrication of instru- panels and other installation structural components.

1pair station should be equipped to perform this func- lowever, it may be contracted to a competen! outside y equipped to perform the function.

lnspect, test and calibrate instruments: Perform these 1ns on instruments listed under paragraph (e)(1)(i) of 1pendix, on and off the aircraft, when appropriate.

~Jass 2.

iagnose instrument malfunctions: Diagnose malfunc- of the following instruments:

10meters, :hroscope,

:ric temperatura indicators, :ric resistance type indicators, ng magnet type indicators, stance type fuel indicators, 1ing units (oil-fuel), m systems and indicators,

;ynchronous systems and indicators, :>te indicating compasses,

quantity indicators,

;antity indicators, ) indicators,

eters, 1eters.

aintain and alter instruments, including installation replacement of parts:

·m these functions on instruments listed under para-

~)(2)(i) of this appendix.

unction of installation includes fabrication of instru- l.nels and other installation structural components.

air station should be equipped to perform this func- Never, it may be contracted to a competen! outside equipped to perform the function.

spect, test and calibrate instruments: Perform these

> on instruments Jisted under paragraph (e)(2)(i) of mdix, on and off the aircraft, when appropriate ..

(3) Class 3.

(i) Diagnose instrument malfunctions: Diagnose malfunc.

tíoning of the following instruments:

Turn and bank indicators, Directional gyros, Horízon gyros,

Auto pilot control units and components*, Re mote reading direction indicators•.

(ii) Maintain and alter instruments, including installation and replacement of parts:

Perform these functions on instruments listed under para- graph (e)(3)(i) of this appendix.

The function of installation includes fabrication of instru- ment panels and other installation structural components.

The repair station should be equípped to perform this func- tion. However, it may be contracted to a competen! outside agency equipped to perform the function.

(iii) lnspect, test and calibrate instruments: Perform these functions on instruments listed under paragraph (e)(3)(i) of this appendix, on and off the aircraft, when appropriate.

(4) Class 4.

(i) Diagnose instrument malfunctions: Diagnose malfunc- tioning of the following instruments:

Capacitance type quantity gauge, Other electronic instruments, Engine analyzers.

(ii) Maintain and alter instruments, including installation and replacement of parts:

Perform these functions on instruments listed under para- graph (e)(4)(i) of this appendix.

The function of installation includes fabrication of instru- ment panels and other installation structural components.

The repair station should be equipped to perform this func- tion. However, it may be contracted toa competen! outside agency equipped to perform the function. ·

(iii) lnspect, test and calibrate instruments: Perform these functions on instruments listed under paragraph (e)(4)(i) of this appendix, on and off the aircraft, when appropriate.

(f) An applicant for a Class 1, 2, or 3 accessory rating must provide equipment and material necessary for effi- ciently performing the fotlowing job functions, in accordance with pertinent specifications and the manufacturers' recom·

mendations:

(1) Diagnose accessory malfunctions.

(2) Maintain and alter accessories, including installation and the replacement of the parts.

(3) lnspect, test, and, where necessary, calibrate acces·

series.

(Secs. 313, 314, and 601 through 610, of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as amended (49 U.S.C. 1354, 1355, 1421 through 1430); sec.

6(c), Dept. of Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. 1655(c)))

[Docket No. 1157, 27 FA 11693, Nov. 28, 1962, as amended by Amdt.

145-14, 35 FA 19349, Dec. 22, 1970; Amdt. 145-19, 47 FA 33391, Aug. 2, 1982]

ASA 1999

In document UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CENTRO DEL PERÚ (página 92-104)