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ESCUELA INTERNACIONAL DE DOCTORADO

Control ambiental de la división y

diferenciación celular en levaduras con fisión

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- Elisa Gómez-Gil, Alejandro Franco, Beatriz Vázquez- Marín, Francisco Prieto-Ruiz, Armando Pérez-Díaz, Jero Vicente-Soler, Marisa Madrid, Teresa Soto, José Cansado (2021). Specific Functional features of the Cell

Integrity MAP Kinase Pathway in the Dimorphic Fission Yeast !*-).',%**-%/'01*2,#$%&'()*+,"#3'+/(%4 of Fungi

7:482.

- Elisa Gómez-Gil, Alejandro Franco, Marisa Madrid, Beatriz Vázquez-Marín, Mariano Gacto, Jesualdo Fernández-Breis, Jero Vicente-Soler, Teresa Soto, José Cansado (2019). Quorum sensing and stress-activated

MAPK signaling repress yeast to hypha transition in the fission yeast !*-).',%**-%/'01*2,#$%&'()*+,"#PLoS

Genetics 15:e1008192.

- Elisa Gómez-Gil, Rebeca Martín-García, Jero Vicente-Soler, Alejandro Franco, Beatriz Vázquez- Marín, Francisco Prieto-Ruiz, Teresa Soto, Pilar Pérez, Marisa Madrid, José Cansado (2020). Stress-activated

MAPK signaling controls fission yeast actomyosin ring integrity by modulating formin For3 levels. eLife

9:e57951.

El trabajo presentado en esta memoria ha sido financiado con las ayudas procedentes de:

- Título del proyecto: “Regulación por MAP quinasas del citoesqueleto de actina y la polaridad

celular”

Referencia: BFU2017-82423-P

Entidad financiadora: Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad de España Entidades participantes: Universidad de Murcia

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Referencia: PGC2018-098924-B-100 Entidad financiadora: Ministerio de Economía,

Industria y Competitividad de España Entidades participantes: Instituto de Biología

Funcional y Genómica (CSIC)

- Título del proyecto: “MAP quinasas y sensibilidad al quórum como reguladores de respuestas adaptativas frente al estrés, la diferenciación y el dimorfismo en levaduras con fisión”

Referencia: 20856/PI/18

Entidad financiadora: Fundación Séneca (Región de Murcia)

Entidades participantes: Universidad de Murcia

- Título del proyecto: “Escalera de la excelencia”

Referencia: CLU-2017-03

Entidad financiadora:  Junta de Castilla y León Entidades participantes: Instituto de Biología

Funcional y Genómica (CSIC)

Elisa Gómez Gil ha realizado la tesis doctoral financiada por una ayuda para la Formación del Profesorado Universitario (FPU) por la Universidad de Murcia (R-793/2017), y opta a la mención de doctorado

internacional gracias a las estancias realizadas en The Francis Crick Institute (Londres) en Reino Unido,

financiada por sendas ayudas para estancias en el extranjero para beneficiarios del programa de contratos predoctorales (FPU) de la Universidad de

Murcia (R-391/2016).

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