Health information needs of the visually impaired in urban centres: a cse study of Oyo State, Nigeria

~ ~ c ~ n i o t r ~ & a ~ ~ ~ g - = $

~ e w g f g r s i r a l - . and K e m d Dibe .fi-

mww&d-

T h e w d i y -to M m (1995) inchwle children who

m ~ ~ = ~ ~ i m v i s i c m a m t . c b i M a a a t b o a n

pertially&htd T B e g e ~ d p p k m i d m t i D * 8 m s , needs a lot of hfmnmha in tbe a m d lw&h due to tfie myriad of hdtb related proMemg -.ig.tim& which ^{& i} We ne@wIy. -S of .inibrrrmtion abotmd in- Prban ceatfes, which

s h o u I d b e ~ m i i i & m ~ ~ i d t h ~ d c the YiwatIy I u u M l i e

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L h t e e i r # r r a m r l ~ y i g p p l ~ i n t b e u r b a n a r e a s are Iiterare and mditmte. Thkimpfies tbaf the d fir information d t h e u h i c i f m d d - wiB vary b d on their hfmdm b ~ ~ c t a y - t w k y living for making decision or fbr *-.

~~

mi

bbmatb to hmim m the ilPdividual M n g l y needs infbmation

a o d i g h t m h i s G h O ~ ~ e a m d b i s d f o r ~ w h i c h ~ w s & s t h e

e,

c o m p k e n w of the W S availddt to h'm a i d on his skill in wing them.

The Y i d y i m p k d ia urban centres in Oyo State has numerousMthproMemsas8 itisbeSievGdthat,ifthq havetimely and s

p

& iafErrmarioq hhq. wi3I avmmme the problems. These' problems vary fi.om how to plan a h i l y , birth control, promiscuity and

imhtbns, @ hdth probicm d environmental sanitation,

l ~ ~ ~ ~ a r c o f f e a h s t a n s w w e d b y a mmbiaatioa of litmaha d s&&q as well as the estabIi'shmfnt of

contacts so hi th & d l y i m p i d am bave tbe best of h d h infomatiion. &em (1978) qiddrat tfre availability of relevant in^^ is a

~~

The hospitals and related k i l i t i a are primarily, cenm for patient-care as h d h s e n r i a spreads across the length and breadth of the land. The density of- i s by no means unifbnn; even in a s d 1 and homogentws area, &care significant gemg@it and sociologid

variations that affed the ofthe pophation ia g dand the wmer of health facilities a d health workers. W d k h care Momation needs and use abourad in evary part of tbe urban m e . The pattern could be due to economic am&dms, since it. will not be p d ~ ~ t b I e

to provide cure for evwy ami The v h d y i m p h i , 'like other people in the society have a. right to be better informed about the

~ r g s n i d ~ ~ ~ ~ f ~ w - t b d l i t i e s . o d . b a d ~ ~ a l . n d merit nutt&x T h i s r e a l i ~ a t i o a ) e d t o ~ ~ o f s e n i c e ~ i a t s i n t h e urbmceapeswkctbiskiadafinFaPe3atioakmdeavrtiIabIe. Tobe

amessful, W a h ⁽¹⁹⁸⁶⁾ sad teaa ftme h swiU ^{have to operate}

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w i t h s o m e * f i r o m a a d & # o f * d ' * ~

a u e ~ ~ a s d ~ ~ d e ~ ~ i n ~ s s o d o t h e r

~ e g i ~ l o c r r t i o a s , ~ m a y b ~ ~ .

~ l v e e d k r ~ ' " . b y a b e ~ ~ ~ i n u r b a n

ateas i n - r n S t a t e d b e c b k d & o m f h G ~ o f d v i t k s in which i d k i d d s Pi: iw d as

t s e t d

c i r h & i n h m 0 m ~ ~ ' ~ f ~ t h e i i

i n f o d o n r a q i ; l i i s to amre the mihbility of

~ ~ o f ~ ~ f i p m ~ ~ l l v l s k h a a d i n F c ~ ~ 8 t i o n cenbwintbludty-

w m e s t t afconmwudm

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o f h e a r f t h ~ m ~ d u s a i s s i f l d t o t h e ~ i o ~ l i m d utilktim of needed infatmrrricm. mawlq (1985) dammmm 'bow

r u r d n e w s m e d i a w n b e ~ ~ d y ~ ~ ~ d c & f b r c a a s u ~ ~ n , ~ ~ ~ a c t i * k l ~ h e a i f h c a r e while Tabr (1988) pinks

ao

fwrheaItbcarecare H e s t a w d f m k s t i a e t k ~ ~ ~ i i t h e s l t h ~ % ~ e services should be e x m i m & -bcbding an mpha6s on health

c m e a a d p a t i & ~ o n & i e f ~ n e t w o r k ~ d d p m v i d e ~ o f u s e ~ t o ~ a f h d t b ~ ~

The weds d ' d t c k h - m a k h g of the V i d y

h p ~ i n ~ G e o i r e s ~ s q t . ~ ~ ~ k ~ w o r l r w ~ andbydecisionmakex ~ ~ m p t s r u f e ~ t o ~ n e t f p e i r

infarnration weds, hady do we get w z e s q feedback from the visually impaired person mmmd, b s e tbey w d@r ^to mwm the questions ofthe htdmm &fban ikdy giving out their minds

o a t h e v a P i r w g ~ ~ ~ ~ , t i r u s , i R f b r m a t i o n s o m e t i m e s s u p p l i i b y ~ ~ m a y s ~ t d t k ~ ngedsofthevhdlyirspairsdin~aeasofOgo&ge.-

~ h e ~ y v w r r d d e a c s r n b s e t b e ~ t y p e s o f h e a h b i ~ the visually impired ifidhidads in the lrrbrto areas need rnost aid the

s o w di&rmtion they do oomult,

~ ~ t h c p p s s v i l l p . l i l i a e h i ; h r d o f s l t i s f . d o n ^they derive b m f d d s &

. . _of

the services offeoed'tg them by dre h d h wMkefs.

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T h e ~ ~ f m ~ e d y ~ s s o f ~ y i ~ e d f i o r n

&dm q V sof Oyo S e T k e am 60 viwdIy impaid people in the m p E q poprkioq the is based on simple descriptive n r n r g r d m t e d d * h b f g O B n h i p d i v e a d y .

~ ~ ~ I d t h ~ p r o b l e n t s o f t b e v i s u a I l ~ i m p a i d i n

~~

~ o ~ i a e & e i r ~ i & x - m a h n e e d s

Tb

4 To &ermine the effdwxss of use of availabfe resamm.

The q u d m m k were pit in brailk arsd pwsoaally administered by the to the swbjects. The qwdonnaires were followed

h d a w n d y with o d irrtenrim. ^Those interviewed were in part.

S e l C d u i a d ,- dmsc who by their mn+duGational backgmd and-- of th& prcMem d d not adeqwely uldemad of 4Ifmwd the qmaiolls h t i n d i d the'1r wi11ingness to

be i ~ t e d v i d .

The table abwe shows the distribution of respondents by sex.

The tocd n u d e r of both male and female respondents whose filled ti~~esriclnnrire are used h r a m h i s in tSi S U ~ V is s i \ m (60) OF the

Groups B I i d Low Vision PmiaBy sighted

T d

Total 10 15

MaIe 7 8 13

, 28

1

35

. 60

Female 3 7 22

3 2 ' .

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total number, (28) am i n a h while"& females thirtynM (321.

I n ~ D b e ~ b y ~ k v d o f c d r t c a t i o n a s s e e u in Table 2 below, t h e with ducation apaience constitute the

h i m group with -+wen (27) repndmb. Those withour f o n d education e x p k m e (illit-m) ^wmes next with eiateen (18)

respondas while t h m with and above

rrmknenwithHkem(15)qmdent~ lltemaonfwthekgenuabcr o f i l l a m a m h ~ ~ i s 6 o f l a E 9 r o f n e c e s s a r y r e s o u r c e s t o a t t e a d f a d ~ o n a l ~

.

TabIe 2: Dirttibutha 4 mpadesfs nrtomlhg to, their lev4 of

edncatiaa

The visual Iy impaired in h areas are seen to exhibit one habit and the other, which has m d d i m p l i d o m Be&- they are fmd with diffarent kinds of b k h &ed pmblems for _which they seek h e a l t h i n P w m a t m a n d ~ i n s n m m t p t ~ o l i v e a ~ y l i f e . The tLbIes Mww points to hrak)Misk b v h r s d prdAms of resporadents.

Table 3: Case b t m y ofmpndemts mecording to Sex

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T ~ 3 a b o v e , ~ f a ~ c a t a i a ~ t t r p i ~ k k ~ v i o u r s e x l & W b y n s q m d a m ~ t o ~ Ascanbeseeafromthetable

a n d ~ ~ w * ~ . . a P r b e r a f ~ m t t i i s g u ~ o q t h C d t . ~ 6 6 r m d ~ ~ ~ a S a r e i n h t a l t l l - ~ ~ v i o u t 3 a s ~ e mink thirty six ₍₃₆₎ indicat- wbife the female are thirty-twa (32).

~ i s & t o t b e g o c i e t a l ~ h ~ ~ f ; e m a I e s a r e a o t e x p e c t e d i o b e s e m ~ ~ g e s a v i o u p s i n p u M i c p i a o e s , k n c e w e fibddm~fw&siakcbddmgswUathqdoinisohtedphce.

h ~ t Z l e y a e ~ ~ m ~ w b e n t b e y h a v e h e a k h p r o b ~ ~ ~ Q h E l e y w o u l d w t l m r n t ~ .

Tke attidm o the nspmhts to d behavim was, also

errambledinthisstmy* ~ i d d p c e i a u ~ c t e d d

~psisGlrplaiaedwithttrtaidafTaMe4bdaw.

Tbe W e abwe

dm

mpode&-7% dwsnat W g e in u d c t e d sexual

* w b i (1 8 ) r- 30% indulge

=

.

m d

m y-'is

this

n

- T B e ~ Q e l a a r ~ ~ s o m e o f t h e h d t h p r o b b a k ~ a ~ e o c l W ~ ~ t h a n o a e p r o b l e m .

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T a b 5: Problem for which mpol~demts had sought or W e d

bertdr iafwma4ian ^a

1

I

I

The table above, r e v d s d m t ' e y t ~ isoneproMemareafbr

w h i c h m o s t o f t b e ~ ~ b e s r E t h ~ a s t h i s h e a b p & I e r m b t h e ~ ~ o f r e s p e n r s e f f t s - ~ f b u r (44, while only one (1) m p m b t ta having sought or received W h i n f o d o n on problem of nutrition.

T k ~ o f h a W ~ ~ a l w ~ W i n t h i s survey. ~ b e f i a d i a % s r e v d k ~ ~ 6 t i t b w ~ f m t y - t ~ 0 ( 4 2 )

r e q l o n d e a t s ~ t h e h i ~ ~ d r e E e i v e d ~ ~ from hospitals, Fobwing dody, are _who p m m i d

clinics for needed hahh i d h m t k m 8s thirty (30) ticked this e, Apart from the hoqidds, the m a s media dso serve as useful

of inkmation as mideat io t8e taibfe M a ; twntyfive (25)

~ ~ d a i m t h e y ~ t b e b . ~ ~ n f i o m t h e r e d i w h i l e ~ ( I 8 ) o f t h e ~ ~ ~ t b e y g e t ~ h e a k h information h r n television b m d a ~ Next to the abwe ^sollrce. is

thelocal healthcentreg fiOlgwhmeight(8)respondents&mttrey get their h d h infomaion, wbile i d b m a b centm has tkleast

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T h e i ~ l u r c e s i o f ~ ~ ~ m s e e n t o b e v e r y

~ a a d ~ ~ ~ m e ~ i n t i a o e o f n e e d b y t b e visually i q a k d To tBe mpudmtq fbe r m h l infomation ate ofiw

g o t ~ 6 d e o r i m ~ t k T h i s i s p m i d a F t y m a s m r d i n g t o them, the ames am a q p h d to faciibte prompt and

satisfaclay Seavices to usem.

The utilidon of b k h bfbmration is dcpdent on the

availability of& U idbrmshn The d e d infunnation as seen

f r o t l i t h e ~ i m g s i a & s s t & y , ~ ~ h r n ~ s u u r c c s depdidg on the ofthe

F.

l o ~ - t i m e t a g e t d ~ ~ q ~ v e g j r ~ p e r i d . Themfore, f l P e h q ~ o f u r p e o E t k ~ L ~ d b y t h e i n h e r e n t

p m b s e a a S ~ t b ~ i a @ d i n H t b o a ~ bencqmost

~ ~ t W ~ ~ e t z r e o f ~ ~ o r i l y w h e n t h m i s n d t o i b s . T g i Q * i d b & Y W ~ ~ & e l l t

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ p e a t t h l w t l s ~ m g t h e m .

Io rlewwmhhg mpdm&s ^{h e h} in aquired health infunmath h kabb k b w s b w s r$at fdkyeight (58) respondents reprsmiw %.% of the mtd m p o d e n t s have b e h t e d in utilizing

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acquired bealth infomation wIriie only two Q)-mpmhts which rep- 3-3% ofthetotal respoodents, daim t k y did noP beo& fiom i t a s t b e ~ t i o n a c q u i r e d h a s ~ i m p r o v e c E t h e i r b e a h b ~ . Table 7: Distribution sf rt- to huw thq bcaefiaed from use o f acquired Infa- _-\

The utilization of heaEek~ information ig wmecinges

~~

satisfaction daived .from p m h s A m i p d a wltk idhthus disease knds it di&h to dsetpe& inbmmhn on imhh

~ ~ l i e r a p p l i c a t i o n ~ ~ b p m d B i s l b e r ~ p r o b k Conclusion

The visualiy impaired in m i a m a r m as can bt in this m e y , d e s adequate use of W b i&mmtk h m wuhw sourr;es.

A i t h o u g h m o s t o f t b e m m a l r e u a e u f ~ ~ t k y & n o t however, patronise the sources ofthe

~~

doso. T h a t i s , w h e n t h q r ~ - f w x d w i t h ~ ~ ~ w h i c h they are not abIe to take care of individually as a -It of Jack of

a p p m ~ k n o ~ ~ t b e ~ p P o M e m s d i t s ~ F i a d h g s h m t h i s ~ ~ d a t z ~ m e ~ y i ~ h a v e n o t ~ d ~ t b e - a o q n r i r e d ~ & ~ h ~ a n d

othersources. T h i s i s ~ y t r u e ~ s r r n e o f ~ ~ a r t not wellquipped to the need9 of was. TIE r t d t is dm mme

u m r s c o u l d a q u i r e w r q g i d b m d m z ~ ~ ~ i e d , m y m b

e ~ & e ~ o r & e ~ h a l t b p o ~ e e r f o r ~ ~ ~ ~

was sought.

H o w e v e r , a s m a j o r i t y o f t b e ~ * ~ i a r h ~ ^'

~ e u s e o f h d t h ~ f itmtheDb b r ~ ~

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Bmdey, Martinez (1985). 'Rural C o w Mental h d h p n m a h thwugb the mass ^media'. hQIclfHumm Services ^{in the} k d

m ;

Brimain, 1. U (1970). ' ~ 0 1arsd 1its usexs: a review with special ref- ^b the social sckwes'. B& Bath Umv- M s . P.

34-120.

GWXI, L. W. (1978). 'Hml& hbmmiion and health edudon:

t h e ' s rt big @?emme b&wm W. &I&#&

afk

Mb$ P. 0. (1995). Tmbmeds of Special dubtion and

V O c a t i O n g J ~ ^{* .} ' . ~ ~ ~ ~

Tabor. R B. (2988). in&rm3ation tiealth care' J r n ~ m I crf&fom@os~ d &, 8 (10): p. 1341.

WaUro, *S. S.

es

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