Panels b, d and f refer to the use of course material sections in PDA (% of respondents, not students). In South Africa, it is estimated that more than 50% of the population owns a cell phone. It explores to incorporate open source applications OIL c\e\'iccs to Mchive the above purposes.
Open source provides the ideal solution as its applications can be supported by both older systems and new mobile devices. Presented is the method that ONS was taken to cyaluate the OS:\IS model. Results of the evaluation of the OS:\IS model together with the findings follow in Chapter 6, and finally Chapter 7 collects the tIl<' clisse'rtHtioll with a lot of interesting outcomes (mel discusses the way.
Chapter 2 Background
Literature Review
- Open source software and education
- Mobile devices and Open Source Software in education
- Motivation for model
- Chapter conclusion
It is intended that the OS:\IS model presented in this study will go through a similar process. vVwhen the "open sum" approach is commercialized. often the pragmatic properties of the open source code I relied on. Llll\, gl'OU ps were founded to develop and promote open source software as a. That's why we're looking to the open source community, to expose our students to large-scale distributed software development.
B~' by extending ach'antagc of the open source cic\'eloplllent modl'l, we extend the methodology bv what we learn. The list of open source software, and especially Gl\'U !Linux, is growing.
Chapter 3
Educational Model
Introduction
Overview of the Educational model
- Open Source Infrastructure for Very Small Devices
- Open Source Educational Model
HP PDA. one of the devices used in the research test environment during 20DG. hHS a screen capable of displaying 9 lines of 24 characters. Uscr is presented with a list of shamble sockets and other mobile devices and can be reached. The design uses the notion of a "quality" tag so that during processing the user can compare nuiOllS Llbels for content and select the required item.
Clssoci;H(' H a single yiewer per ~II\IE type, the model links several folder lists and allows the user to select them long. In short, the model allows users to take advantage of a more desktop Illodel application that allows them to perform large device tasks on smaller devices.
Usage Scenario
- The course and participants
- Teachers
In summary, the model allows users to utilize a more Illodel Desktop-like application that enables them to perform large hardware tasks on smaller devices. 1iJ), II.
3..1 Uatn Flow and Architecture
Chapter summary
Chapter 4
Test Environment
- Introduction
- Hand held devices as learning tools
- U sing electronic text
- Possibilities and constraints
- Model Methodology
- Subjects
- Bluetooth connection
- School equipment
- Chapter 5 Evaluation
- Introduction
- Evaluation method
- C lw p tc l" s U lIllll ary
- Chapter 6
Handheld DC's (PDAs) are highly portable and are personal computing devices that can be taken anywhere ('used anytime, and 'anywhere'. The)' can be used for a variety of functions. : for example to manage work or study schedules. The users were high school students and teachers who used the facilities at School::\ET :'\ Hlnibi(\. The participating students would use the facility because of the network and internet connection. The teachers and School::\ET staff will guide students in the normal use of the facility.
The TeclChePi who participated in the study came from a similar school environment and it was encouraging that some student users met their school teachers in the institution. surrounding high schools However, participating schools had to be high schools on the lCClst llilw Cl computer lnboratOIY Users were identified by their registered \vireless ccml :\1.\(' Clddr('ss. The Implcmcntilation OS:\lS's architectural stem based on Apache tomcat 5.0 ('ngine nllllling U])Cll sourc(' wcb application server.
The server hosts most of the work done in the normal classroom H environment by (1 s('high school teacher. They would have preferred to get the PDA ,-It would be at the beginning of the course when could become familiar with it. integrate it effectively into their study activities. KuC'stations asked students \dwt features of the l\Iodel the)' had used. if they had found PD,\ in ])(' ,\ tool useful for supporting thpir studies.
St uclcnh \\'('rt' sllppliecl with 4 HP PDAs. The HP model was chosen because it is a reliable model that offers all the features common to most PDAs. The docuTllcnt viewer mode allows users to view the text in a different ways, for example. lw using the scroll bar on the side of the screen or the buttons on the bottom of the device. b\' by following the str loop along the screen. or by using the 'teleprompter' facility die lllOWS tl) (text, lUtomatic, one line at a time. Three sections of the promoted comse material were accessible via the OS~IS model.
The d( 'ct ronic yersion of the courSl' nw terials is stored ill the OS~IS server. To the right of the computer (not visible in the picture) is the paper llotes.
Results and Discussion
Results
- Introduction
- Results on the expectations about using the PDA's
- Results on the Expected limitations
- Results on the expected benefits of the OSMS model
- Ease of use of the OSMS model
- Limitations of using the OSMS model for reading
- Benefits of using the OSMS model for reading
- Users reading and note-taking habits
- Limitations of the research
- Inlplications for future use of PDAs as learning tools
- Chapter SUlTImary
Students \n'n' The\' focused on this by cutting and pasting parts of the text to help the H'\'isiun process. A follow-up questionnaire asked about their use of printed study materials that contained texts that were available on a PDA (\'ia bluetooth to a server);. More than half of the students take notes on the papPI' \\'hen rcnding the subject materialHI from the seiTCr. Teachers who persistently took notes on PDAs developed strategies to overcome some of the difficulties associated with entering text on the FDA. Discussions of the current and future use of PDAs have revealed an awareness of the potential for inCt'c( 1exploitation of FUNCTIONALITY using other devices in conjunction with the PDA. This is one of the general usability problems of the current generation of mobile devices and is another consequence of their small size and portability. The Kolllllen interview suggests that students needed more time to become familiar with such cll1(' fCHtures and opening functions. They would prefer to receive the PDA at the beginning of the course when they could fdlnilimize them with it and integrate it more into their study activities. It is important to note, however, that the OS.\lS model did not Mih'rcplacc thc hard copy of the course materials. In the chapter prc:-l(', the results of the cvaluatioll study of the OS:\IS Illoclc'l ill,\11 cdllciltion-setting are discussed and discussed. Expectations about the benefits of restrictions were collected prior to the elaboration of the model for colllparati\'C purposes. A summary of the continuation of the thesis and a discussion of the possibilities for future work in this research are presented. To remedy these deficiencies and to adapt the Existing infrclut, he previously planned me for the intended use of eclucCltionalmoclel. Student mobile devices, PDAs and open source applications were used to develop the educational model (OSr.IS). OS:\IS mocielj)l"()Yiclccl the steps needed to create an enabling environment that overcomes most physical problems in schools and telecenters. Using the tcw·h('! in the evaluation of the OS.\IS model it was possible to use previous relationships between people to gain trust and build rapport in one's own relationship with the school community. The small screen size of the PDA required a more concentrated readillg stnHegy elml making it it is difficult to scan and read the text. Short '\Iessage Sen'ice (S'\IS) functions can be added to notify participants when an OS.\IS user requests services or wants to interact with certain functions. OS.\IS could be extended to facilitate communication between groups. "'it hin (\SdlOOI (\!lel across schools. The scope for changing the OS.\IS prototype is therefore possible, but all suggestions and changes should always be available). We will focus on the needs of the school, at the time of writing. A plan is being drawn up to implement the OS.\IS model at another school in the parts of Namibia where most of the country's population lives. <) ted \\'i t h similar cOJl(litions. I\Ione of the suggestions made here can be tcsted on thesc llC\\' ::iitcs.. OS.\ IS model hC'1 ped comments on both WHyS open source and pplicatiols. It would be interesting to understand the relative value of different functions of the PDA for individuals and groups in le List of Abbreviations This survey is intended to gather information to be used in evaluating ways to enable small business enterprises to participate in e-commerce. The research is part of an evaluative study on the interaction of students' mobile devices with course material and teachers using open source applications in a learning environment, conducted by James Mutuku currently undertaking an MSc in Computer Science at the University of Cape Town in South Africa. To ensure confidentiality, general trends in e-commerce adoption, use, or intention to use will be discussed rather than individual responses. Although express permission has been given by School Net Namibia management to take photographs (and use them for survey publication) of the sessions, only willing participants will be photographed. PART A PART B PART CChapter 7 Conclusion
Questionnaire
