... the electronbeam irradiation and fs laser irradiation that provokes a decrease in the interplanar distances of this plane with a concomitant small reduction in the volume of the unit cell, indicating that ...
... of electron beams have been reported [17]: 1) a low current high energy beam and 2) a relatively high current beam of low ...Energetic electron beams with a peak current at the kiloampere ...
... the electronbeam interacts with the sample, and different research groups have reported on nanoscale crystallization and growth processes taking place only in the beam’s ...
... Skin ElectronBeam Therapy (TSEBT) is a technique used in the treatment of superficial skin diseases, such as cutaneous ...large electron fields in order to cover the entire ...
... NR has to be cross-linked during processing in order to have the desired properties not only for being applied as a solid mate- rial but also as a foam. For instance, the production of mattresses and pillows (latex ...
... the electronbeam in a large area of the nanostructure does not induce the same effect than the concentrated beam on a smaller area (25 or 100 nm in ...contrary, electronbeam heating ...
... The material to be evaporated was introduced inside the graphite crucible positioned inside a coiled W filament. A voltage was applied between the crucible with positive potential and the W filament with ground ...
... Both methods allow the obten- tion of thin catalyst layers ejecting atoms from a given material (target) which are deposited on the surface of a near-placed substrate. The sputtering t[r] ...
... The samples were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spec- troscopy (XPS), in a Physical Electronics 1257 system. A Gaussian peak shape was assumed for each element fi tted. The XANES at the Si ― K edge measurements ...
... The yield y (electrons/ion) is of the order of a few per cent at low energies, and increase about linearly with ion energy, to perhaps 20% at the 1 KV level. For a typical 20 Km long, [r] ...
... Experimental k-ratios from Al films deposited on Si and W substrates, as functions of the incident electron beam energy are displayed in Fig. Our simulations of these quantities are in e[r] ...
... When larger nanoparticles >20 nm are irradiated by the electronbeam, there is no increase on the temperature of the particle. Although in some cases this can be released through the substrate if a good ...
... [1] Use of a conductive bare tape electrically floating in low Earth orbit as an effective electron beam source to produce artificial auroral effects, free of problems that mar standar[r] ...
... Single dose electron beam irradiation in treatment and prevention of keloids and hypertrophic scars. Topical silicone gel for the prevention and treatment of hyper-[r] ...
... As beam electrons move in helical paths down magnetic lines, they are slowed down by inelastic interactions with air molecules. For every ionization event there is a number of excitation collisions followed by ...
... light beam experiences gain or ...the beam transformations for Gaussian beams propagating through active materials having loss or gain is necessary, for example, in material processing and laser damage ...
... test beam with hadron momenta between ...Test Beam 1 detector reduces its response below to 60%, a similar insight is shown on the right side for negative ...
... collisionless 1–3 and turbulent 4–6 models do not describe how faraway current perturbations die off, and do no lead to defi- nite predictions for electron current, while a purely colli- sional model may be too ...
... of electron density transfers in terms of the evolution of the nuclear geometry along the reaction pathway linking reactants to ...the electron density domains into elec- tronic domains minimizing the ...
... Analysis of molecular structure and conformation. A series of torsion angle search calculations are then carried out around all rotatable bonds within van der Waals hard-sphere space constrained by the ENDOR- determined ...