La abrumadora carga procesal en el sistema judicial penal peruano

In order to provide a context for the following discussions about how and why sport specific museums have developed in England, this section will outline which sport specific museums are relevant to this study, when they were opened, and where they are geographically in the country. The author asked the question, “When was the museum established?” The answers are illustrated at figure 14.8

7 _{Arts Council England (ACE). Accreditation Standard. London: ACE. 2011. Accessed June 1}st _2014.

http://www.artscouncil.org.uk/media/uploads/pdf/Accreditation_standard_print_friendly.pdf

8 _{The York Racing Museum is now closed, and therefore it was not possible to conduct a survey with}

staff of this museum. In addition, although responses were not received from Brooklands Museum or the British Surfing Museum, the author was able to find the details of the museums opening date from their website.

127

Figure 14: Timeline of the Sport Specific Museums in England

1940s 1949-1951 National Gallery of British Sporting Pastimes

1950s 1953 Marylebone Cricket Club Museum opens in London

1960s 1965 – 1999 York Racing Museum

1970s 1977 Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Museum opens in Wimbledon

1980s 1983 National Horse Racing Museum opens in Newmarket

1983 Rugby Union Museum opens in Twickenham, later to become the World Rugby Museum

1990s 1991 Brooklands Museum opens in Weybridge, Surrey 1996 The World Rugby Museum opens in Twickenham 1998 River and Rowing Museum opens in Henley 2000s 2001 National Football Museum opens in Preston

2002 National Fencing Museum opens in Worcestershire 2003 National Badminton Museum opens in Milton Keynes 2010s 2012 British Surfing Museum opens in Devon

2012 National Football Museum moves to Manchester 2012 National Hockey Museum opens in Working, Surrey Source: Author’s research

Therefore, this diagram shows, as discussed in chapter three, that the first sport specific museum to be opened in England was the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) Museum in 1953. Although the National Gallery for British Sporting Art had briefly existed in London between 1949 and 1951, it was not until the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) established a museum about the history of cricket at Lords Cricket Ground, that a permanent long-term sport specific museum was established. The only sport specific museum of relevance to this study which is no longer in existence (apart from the National Gallery for British Sporting Art) is the York Racing Museum. Opened in one of the stands at York Race Course, the museum was set up to display an existing collection and tell the story of the history of horse racing in general.1 _{The museum was}

1 _{The National Horse Racing Museum (NHRM). The Longer History of the Museum. Newmarket: NHRM.}

Date Unknown. Accessed June 1st _2014.

128

popular, however, when the time came for a redevelopment of the stand that housed the museum, the governing body of the racecourse felt that no space could be found for the museum and as a result it was closed.2 _{This suggests that there is a tension} between the heritage of sport and the need to fulfil present day targets, discussed later in this chapter. The illustration also establishes that from the 1980s onwards there was a gradual increase in the number of sport specific museums in England, with a prolific period of activity in the early twenty-first century. The reasons behind the decision to open these museums at these times will be discussed later in this chapter.

In addition, the author also asked the question, “What is the address [of the museum]?” The map at figure 15 provides an analysis of the answers provided to this question and depicts the geographical spread of sport specific museums in England.

2 _{Carroll, S. The Big interview with Dede Scott Brown. The York Press. Wednesday 31}st _{August 2011.}

Accessed January 31st _2014.

http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/sport/other/features/biginterview/9224845.The_Big_Interview_with_Ded e_Scott_Brown/?ref=rss

129

Figure 15: Map of the English Sport Specific Museums

Source: Author’s research

The geographical position of the museums suggests a bias towards the South of England. However, the author also asked the question “Were there any specific decisions that led to the museum being located where it is?” The responses demonstrate that the choice of location is mainly because the museum has been offered space at the premises of either the head-quarters of the governing body or in a location specifically relevant to the sport itself, for example the National Badminton Museum which is located in the offices of Badminton England.1 _{Due to the historical} contexts of these sports, and their links to high culture as discussed later in this chapter, the majority of these sports were established in the south of England,

1 _{Anonymous. National Badminton Museum. Response to the author’s survey. April 15}th _2012;

Badminton England is the sport governing body for Badminton in England.

Brooklands Museum, Weybridge National Hockey Museum and Archive, Woking National Football Museum, Manchester National Badminton Museum, Milton Keynes National Horse Racing Museum, Newmarket World Rugby Museum, Twickenham Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Museum, Wimbledon River and Rowing

Museum, Henley- on-Thames British Surfing Museum, Devon National Fencing Museum, Worcestershire Marylebone Cricket Club Museum, London

130

therefore have their head-offices in these regions, and it is this factor that has influenced where sports museums are based, rather than a bias to creating sport specific museums in the south of the country for any other reason. The National Football Museum (NFM) is the main exception to this, being based initially in Preston, and latterly in Manchester. The decision to open the museum in Preston was because of Preston’s connection with the development of Association Football, and therefore in keeping with the trend of sport specific museums being located in a position of relevance of convenience to the sport itself. However, the decision to move the museum to Manchester is discussed later in this chapter, and again in chapter eight, and was connected more with issues of funding and cultural policy, than any sport related concerns.

Having established, then, the sport specific museums of relevance to this study, when they were opened, and their geographical location, it is important to understand what motivating factors led to the creation of these museums. This helps to establish the influences which affect the decision to create a sport specific museum, but also to support an understanding of the ongoing objectives of the museum once it is open. Therefore, the next section will explore the findings of the author’s research in relationship to the creation of sport specific museums in England.