ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA

Municipio de El Peñol (2004 2024)

I am interested in the intervention of the OAS and the Carter Center in the conflict between the Venezuelan government and the opposition (CD) during the period 2002 – 2003.

The interview is divided into two parts: the first part deals with the identity of the third party in the conflict. The second part, deals with the “process” in terms of strategies and techniques used by the OAS and the Carter Center.

Part I

1. What institution do you represent? c) OAS

d) Carter Center

2. Which of the following characteristics best describes the third party involved in the conflict? Circle all that apply OAS i) Patience j) Experience k) Impartiality l) Neutrality m) Independence n) Leverage (resources) o) Reputation p) Other________________________________________________________________. Carter Center a) Patience b) Experience c) Impartiality d) Neutrality e) Independence f) Leverage (resources) g) Reputation h) Other_______________________________________________________________. 3. How would you describe the parties’ perception of the third party throughout the process?

4. It is known that the Venezuelan government initiated a “process of dialogue” after the April 11, 2002 coup. What do you believe to be the main reason(s) that motivated the parties to accept the intervention of a third party in November 2002?

_____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Why did it take two months for the Mesa de Acuerdos y Negotiations to start in November 2002? _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________

6.Did you perceive any disagreement among the parties in regards to the expected role and the actual role played by a third party?

OAS a) Facilitator b) Mediator c) Other__________________________________________________________________. Carter Center a) Facilitator b) Mediator c) Other__________________________________________________________________. 8. What was the overall purpose of the process? More or less emphasis on short-term or long-term conflict resolution?

“The techniques used by the OAS had a great impact on changing the parties’ behavior.” f) agree strongly

g) agree h) neutral i) disagree

j) disagree strongly

“The techniques used by the Carter Center had a great impact on changing the parties’ behavior.” a) agree strongly

b) agree c) neutral d) disagree

“The techniques used by the OAS and the Carter Center when working simultaneously ha a great impact on changing the parties’ behavior.”

a) agree strongly b) agree

c) neutral d) disagree

e) disagree strongly

“Early intervention of a third party would have been better in terms of avoiding the violence that led to the events of April 11-14, 2002”

a) agree strongly b) agree

c) disagree

d) disagree strongly

“Late intervention proved to be better because the parties were committed to negotiate after the violence that led to the events of April 11-14, 2002”

a) agree strongly b) agree

c) disagree

d) disagree strongly

14. Could you describe the coordination process among the different third parties in terms of a) keeping a cohesive whole where the efforts of one of the third parties would be supported by the others, and b) avoiding possible conflict among the different interests of different third parties?

19. Think about process in which you were involved and check the strategies used by the third party in the following table. Check all that apply

ORGANIZATIONS

TECHNIQUES OAS Carter Center

Identified each party and established the parties’ relationship

Established the protocol Suggested the negotiation procedures

Identified real issues

Created an atmosphere where parties felt comfortable

Clarified the nature of the problem Explained the mediation process to the

parties

Always demonstrated impartiality Helped the parties to redefine issues (reframing issues, focusing on tangible

issues)

Controlled the agenda Managed parties’ perceptions by

controlling emotions

Stroke a power balance between the parties

Met with the parties individually Met with the parties constituencies Met with both parties at the same time

Served as channel of communication (carrying information, proposals, or

concessions between the parties) Did not direct the conversation

Controlled publicity

Controlled the resources (number and identity of the parties)

Treated both parties equally Offered agreement points Listened to the parties and recognized

each claim as valid Proposed solutions Focused on the past Focused on the future

Used persuasion to convince parties to negotiate and find a solution Encouraged the empowerment of the parties(let the parties find their own way

of dealing with conflict) Controlled the proposals

Used his leverage to manipulate the parties into agreement (sticks and/or

carrots)

Used deadlines to induce the parties to come to an agreement

Put the responsibility of reaching an agreement on the parties Put the responsibility of reaching an

agreement on the third parties The third party had a leading role The third party had a secondary role

Guaranteed the compliance of the agreement

Supervised and verified the implementation of the agreement The focus of the process was on solving

the present problem and obtaining a settlement

The focus of the process was on changing the relationship between the parties Considered the solution to the problem as

a win-win solution

Considered the solution to the problem as a win-lose solution

Played a passive role in guiding the process

Played an active role in guiding the process

In document ACTUALIZACION DEL PLAN DE MANEJO Y ORDENAMIENTO DE LA CUENCA POZO, MUNICIPIOS DE EL PEÑOL Y MARINILLA, ANTIOQUIA (página 115-119)