Actividades de formación que ejecuta el titulado

influences major decisions within the body. It goes to show how American foreign policy supersedes other states‘ sovereignty with its attendant advancement of US foreign policy through NATO.

3.3:1 Sources of Data

This study was qualitative in nature and made use of secondary sources of data collection. A great deal of secondary material abound and we resorted to making use of qualitative data, which was drawn from UN Charter, related Journals, Periodicals, Government document, Textbooks, Conference paper, Articles, Unpublished materials, numerical tables and some internet materials, etc. Qualitatively, it made use of textual arguments emanating from the above listed sources in testing of our hypotheses. This gives value to the quality of argument posited to buttress the tentative statement of proof generated. We also had an interaction with two resource persons with Nigerian Air force and their opinions were noted. The application of qualitative approach is designed in order to give clearer understanding for valid arguments and properly address. In other words, an articulation of these materials was useful to the success of this study.

3.3:2 Instruments and Method of Data Collection

Historical and archival method of data collection was also employed which was drawn from University Libraries (Nnamdi Azikiwe University Library), Individual Libraries, State Libraries (Anambra State Library) and the related and relevant Internet Materials (PDF, Journals, UN Charter, International articles, African Union Documents, Reports cum help desk and eBooks). This hinged on the evaluation of available data and general information to establish facts, trends and draw conclusion from the inferences. We believed that for the fact that lots of findings and publications have been given from different perspectives on this issue, documentary materials become apt. So, it is of optimal concern to note that this study goes a long way in providing objective milieu for the actualization of this research.

Again, the method of data collection in the study is the documentary evidence which aided the articulation of the logic of the study. Here, existing information we utilized both in tabular and textual form to test the hypotheses of the study.

3.3:3 Method of Data Analysis

The method of data analysis in this research was deductive. Deductive logic was adopted to provide meaningful tool for the articulation of the major arguments of the study. It is from the necessary inferences derived from the available literature and scholarly arguments generated that reasonable conclusion was drawn. This focused on the various tables, opinion papers and statistical deductions posited on the losses incurred on the state of Libya as a result of NATO‘s incursion. Issues of NATO‘s involvement and the antecedents of NATO‘s actions on Developing States of the globe were also utilised. It explored the structures of powers and the major patterns of behaviour obtained among the supra-nations (NATO) and the influence of super-nations like US, UK, France, etc. over the weaker states.

CHAPTER FOUR

CAUSES OF NATO’S INTERVENTION IN THE LIBYAN CRISIS

Introduction

The humanitarian intervention carried out in Libya by NATO in 2011 under UNSC Resolution 1973 was lauded triumphantly as a resounding success for the R2P (Responsibility to Protect) doctrine, and a ‗New Model‘ for military interventions. NATO and the UNSC were not however the only voices to pass comment on the conflict and NATO‘s generals and the UN‘s moral idealists were soon interrupted from their toasts by a fierce rebuke from Africa‘s academics, statesmen and regional organisations. This reaction questioned the involvement of NATO in the Libyan crisis considering the fact that by all standards, NATO lacked the locus standi as a rightful body to prosecute such intervention in Libya. Against this backdrop, the study looked at the indices and factors that accounted for NATO‘s involvement. Thus, they include the following;

 Gaddafi‘s act of Genocide and threat against the Inhabitants of Benghazi

 Advancement of America‘s foreign policy thrust

 Promotion of Western Agenda and Neo-Colonialism

 Fear of Gaddafi and Desire to institute a puppet regime

 Lack of Consensus among Western States

 Institution of democracy – fundamental democratic reform

4.1 Gaddafi’s act of Genocide and threat against the inhabitants of Benghazi Before 2011 intervention by NATO in Libya, there were uproars in 2010 arising from reaction from the people of Libya in protest of Gaddafi‘s style of leadership. This position of argument was made valid to the extent that the regime of Gaddafi was known for notoriety, highhandedness and abuse of human rights which became his greatest undoing.

In addition to this, so many other reasons in support of the move were posited to defend the involvement of NATO in Libyan crisis which include; the mass grave in Libya and the threat to decimate the in habitants of Benghazi, the incident of Misurata – the city that had earlier made good on its vow to ―purge Black skin‖ through the massacre and dispersal of 30,000 darker resident of near Tawurgha (Ford, 2011). Against the background above, UN through its resolution 1970 demanded to step into the Libyan crisis by enforcing a no fly zone resolution. With enforcement of the resolution, another resolution was released to request willing nations to wield into the Libyan crisis and employ any means in ensuring that the inhabitant of Benghazi are saved through resolution 1973 – responsibility to protect (UN Report, 2011). Subsequently, western powers and United States moved into action to save the lives of the people living in Benghazi.

Unfortunately, CNN News Wire (2011) has it that both America and European leaders however have repeatedly stated that their political goal is the ouster of Gaddafi. He goes on to question ―what would Gaddafi‘s departure mean? To McCain, it means one of three things...he joins Chavez in Venezuela (exile) or he goes to International Criminal Court (faces judgement), which is my preference or he joins Hitler and Stalin (dies). If this statement from McCain should be subjected to any form of evaluation such remains a disaster and potential threat to the sovereignty of weaker states.

To that extent, one is at lost on what really constitute the main reason for NATO‘s intervention in Libyan crisis against UNSC that has the statutory right to wield into the domestic affairs of the Libyan state. The intervention smeared conspiracy which metamorphosed into regime change that stretched into the termination of his regime and remained a thing of global controversies. Thus, having discussed this cause under the historical cause of NATO‘s intervention in Libyan crisis, it would be germane to look at some other vital factors that influence NATO‘s intervention in the Libyan crisis.