3. VARIABLE “PÉRDIDA EN CASO DE IMPAGO”
3.2.2 MÉTODOS Y MODELOS BASADOS EN LA INFORMACIÓN QUE LOS MERCADOS PROPORCIONAN DE LOS ACTIVOS FINANCIEROS
3.2.2.2 ACTIVOS EMITIDOS POR DEUDORES EN UN ESTADO DISTINTO AL IMPAGO
Time Period for Reporting Data: Fiscal Year ending 6/30/2011 Energy Savings Targets 2011‐2020 Program Sector (Used in CEC Report) Category Units Installed Net Demand Savings (kW) Net Peak kW Savings Gross Annual kWh Savings Net Annual kWh Savings Net Lifecycle kWh savings Net Lifecycle GHG Reductions (Tons) Utility Incentives Cost ($) Utility Mktg, EM&V, and Admin Cost ($) Total Utility Cost ($)
Appliances Res Clothes Washers HVAC Res Cooling Appliances Res Dishwashers Consumer Electronic Res Electronics HVAC Res Heating
Lighting Res Lighting 355 53 1 17,326 14,727 74,806 40 $2,040 $1,348 $3,388 Pool Pump Res Pool Pump
Refrigeration Res Refrigeration 74 4 4 30,262 20,320 200,194 109 $6,998 $4,292 $11,290 HVAC Res Shell
Water Heating Res Water Heating
Comprehensive Res Comprehensive 132 1 1 3,432 2,746 8,237 5 $158 $158 Process Non-Res Cooking
HVAC Non-Res Cooling HVAC Non-Res Heating
Lighting Non-Res Lighting 1,824 11 29 54,541 42,901 496,635 275 $18,842 $12,000 $30,842 Process Non-Res Motors
Process Non-Res Pumps
Refrigeration Non-Res Refrigeration 11 2 2,267 1,927 10,795 6 $259 $202 $461 HVAC Non-Res Shell
Process Non Res Process Comprehensive Non Res Comprehensive Other Other
SubTotal 2,396 71 34 107,828 82,620 790,666 434 $28,139 $18,000 $46,139
T&D T&D
Total 2,396 71 34 107,828 82,620 790,666 434 $28,139 $18,000 $46,139
EE Program Portfolio TRC Test 0.91 Excluding T&D
Resource Savings Summary Cost Summary
117
LOS ANGELES DEPT OF WATER & POWER (LADWP)
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF UTILITY
• Established in 1902 to deliver water to the City of Los Angeles. Electricity distribution began in
1916.
• Serves 4.1 million people via 1.46 million electric and 680,000 water connections. Nearly 70% of
electricity usage is by the commercial/industrial sectors and over 30% by residential customers.
• A peak demand of 6177 MW was registered in the summer of 2010.
• Annual energy use is 24.6 million megawatt‐hours.
• 9,232 employees.
• The largest municipal utility in the nation.
LADWP Energy Efficiency Program Highlights
• LADWP Energy Efficiency Program expenditures during the period beginning FY 2000‐2001
through FY 2010‐2011 totaled $288.3 million.
• These programs achieved peak demand reduction of 292.5 MW and 1,085.1 GWh of energy
savings during this period.
• The average life cycle cost of these savings was $0.024/kWh.
• The savings are based upon estimation methodologies approved for use by both Investor
Owned Utilities (IOU) and Publicly Owned Utilities (POU) for energy efficiency program reporting
purposes. Savings have been adjusted annually since FY 2003‐04 based on measurement and
verification performed by an independent third party.
LADWP Energy Efficiency Measurement & Verification (M&V) Activities
LADWP is currently in the process of renewing services of an independent third party to evaluate its
energy efficiency programs. During 2011, the incumbent firm completed assessments of energy
efficiency projects done in fiscal year 2009‐2010 (July 1 – June 30). Projects reviewed represent a
random sampling from the LADWP’s energy efficiency program portfolio, with a focus on non‐residential
programs.
LADWP plans to continue evaluation, measurement and verification activities through 2015, with an
emphasis on improving evaluation criteria, sampling methods, and depth of program evaluation and
transparency of annual EM&V reports to be completed over the 2011 through 2014 fiscal years. LADWP
plans on following the POU EM&V Guidelines developed by the CEC and is working closely with the CEC
to improve its EM&V program.
Overview of LADWP’s FY 2009‐2010 Energy Efficiency Programs
Commercial Customer Programs: Total Non‐Residential Program expenditures: $41.7 million resulting in
17.5 MW of peak demand reduction and 114.1 GWh of annual energy savings. The rebates and rebate
levels assist LADWP customers in lowering energy consumption and energy expenses while benefiting
the environment. Program enhancements were made to encourage maximum achievable program
participation.
• Commercial Lighting Efficiency Offer: Provides rebates for a wide variety of high efficiency
lighting measures to retrofit existing buildings. Program is largely vendor‐driven.
• Chiller Efficiency Program: Provides rebates to retrofit existing buildings with high‐efficiency
electric chillers. Rebates are available for all types of chillers (air‐cooled and water‐cooled). In
addition, water‐cooled centrifugal chillers now can be tested at either standard ARI or non‐
standard ARI conditions provided the cooling tower meets specified performance criteria.
Higher rebate levels are based on the percentage that the chiller’s Integrated Part‐Load Value
(IPLV) performance exceeds California’s Current Title 24 requirements for chillers.
• Refrigeration Program: Provides incentives for a variety of energy efficient refrigeration
measures. Rebate measures include ice machines, solid and glass refrigerator doors, door
gaskets, night covers, strip curtains, vending machine controllers, etc. To be eligible for rebates,
participating customers must reserve funds and receive approval to proceed prior to purchasing
and installing the qualifying refrigeration equipment.
• Custom Performance Program: Provides incentives for cost‐effective energy‐saving
opportunities not served by existing prescriptive offerings. Program includes equipment
controls, CO sensors, high efficiency technologies, and other innovative strategies. LADWP
engineers evaluate the energy‐saving benefits (quantity, reliability, persistence) of each
submitted measure and calculate savings‐based financial incentives for participating customers.
Energy saving measures, equipment or systems must exceed Title 24 or minimum industry
standards.
• Small Business Direct Install: Program pays 100% of the installed cost, up to a maximum of
$2,500, for lighting retrofits in small business customers’ facilities. Program operates using
SCPPA Direct Install Program contractors made available to LADWP through a participation
agreement with SCPPA. Program services deliver energy savings from typically hard‐to‐reach
small business sector.
• New Construction Incentive Program: Provides incentives and technical assistance for new
construction and major remodel projects; uses prescriptive incentives for standard new
construction, and more aggressive energy points‐based incentives for projects receiving LEED
certification.
• Financing Program: Provides low‐interest loans for the installation of energy efficient equipment
in existing buildings (including city facilities).