Análisis de agua dopada con ozono

Wax ester oils were processed using the pilot scale supercritical pilot plant described earlier for the processing of squalene from shark liver oil [101]. The fish oil was partially degraded due to extended storage at room temperature and had high peroxide levels. CO2 + ethanol was used as the solvent, which was countercurrently

contacted with the wax ester oil. A high oil-to-solvent ratio could be used due to the high solubility of the oil mixture in the solvent phase. High-molecular-weight esters and astaxanthin were recovered in the raffinate, and medium-molecular-weight esters were recovered in the first separator, along with part of the ethanol. The over- all extract had very high peroxide values. The extract mixture separated into two phases, a top wax ester-rich phase, and a bottom ethanol-rich phase, which also con- tained most of the peroxides and malodorous compounds present in the original oil. The final separator contained largely ethanol, with volatile odor compounds. The extraction of green-lipped mussel oil, sold under the name Lyprinol™_{, using} supercritical CO2 has been carried out commercially for several years. The mussels are endemic to New Zealand. The oil has anti-inflammatory properties and has found appli- cation as an antiarthritic and antiasthmatic natural remedy. The extraction process and properties of the extract are described in a patent by Macrides and Kalafatis [145]. The oil is a complex mixture of free fatty acids, TAGs, sterols, and sterol esters [146]. 5.4 summary

The conventional methods for isolation of high-value fish oil components include vacuum distillation, urea crystallization, hexane extraction, and conventional crys- tallization. These methods have the disadvantages of requiring high processing temperatures, resulting in the thermal degradation or decomposition of the thermally labile compounds or employing flammable or toxic solvents, which have adverse health effects. In this instance, separations employing SCF technologies offer new opportunities for resolving these separation problems.

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