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The Alaska Sex Offender Assessment and Treatment Program (SOATP) takes an approach of clinically oriented management and treatment. This approach holds that the more educated treatment providers become about an offender’s cycle of abuse and relapse, the more effectively they can provide appropriate treatment and management. To this end, the SOATP emphasizes assessment and a coordinated application of treatment strategies.

Relapse prevention is at the core of treatment, which is based on a cognitive behavioral system and incorporates highly individualized treatment goals. A system-wide approach involving institutional treatment, community treatment, and supervision is grounded in the treatment and management strategies that are integral to relapse prevention. All treatment programming is regulated and coordinated according to detailed Standards of Care.

The Criminal Justice Planner, a state employee, oversees treatment contractors as well as community providers paid by the individual. Contractors and community providers must be approved according to the Standards of Care.

The program is influenced by public safety concerns, including concerns about and statutes governing contact with children and other potential victims. The program has also been shaped by findings of a 1996 recidivism study, which showed that a number of sex offenders leaving at the end of their sentences had actively participated in the program, although not many were actually program complete. This led the department to look at program requirements more closely. A primary finding was that many offenders did not need to complete all requirements in order to be safer upon release. On the other hand, another primary finding was that rapists needed to advance further in the program in order to decrease reoffense.

When the department examined the work required at various stages of the program, it was clear that the work in the more advanced stages focused on internalization and generalization of treatment concepts. When the program was revised, many of the assignments from the advanced stages in the previous program became “Additional Goals,” while the material that all sex offenders seemed to need (primarily from the beginning and intermediate stages of the pre vious program) became the “Core Goals.”

The move of the program to a smaller facility in January 1998 reduced the number of available beds and the availability of space to screen and assess offenders onsite. Because the move coincided with the

shortening of the program, revision work on the program was accelerated so that the new program could be put in place approximately one month after the move was completed.

Dedicated facility

Alaska has no separate facility specifically built to house the sex offender treatment program. Both institutional programs —the comprehensive program and the smaller pre -treatment/pre-release program—are housed in dedicated units within larger correctional facilities.

Assessment or testing tools

Assessment tools used in the pre -treatment process include:

· MCMI

· MMPI

· WAIS, if indicated · Plethysmograph

The plethysmograph initial assessment may be done in pre-treatment or upon entry to treatment. The goal is to complete the initial assessment as early as possible.

Although the Psychopathy Checklist—Revised is occasionally administered during pre-treatment assessment, it is usually done after the offender has been in treatment for several months.

Alaska Types of offenders

The program is designed to accept the following types of offenders: · Normal intellectual and socially functioning offenders

· CMI’s

· Non-English speaking (Alaska Native offenders are accommodated)

· Females

· Developmentally disabled

The program has also accommodated Hispanic and Asian offenders, although these are not large populations within the program or in the system as a whole.

Intake

Sex offender who are not court -ordered to treatment programming must request treatment. Court- ordered offenders are notified at their annual classification hearing of their obligation to enter treatment. To trigger the referral, they must consent to enter treatment.

At the comprehensive program, offenders must be within five years of mandatory release or parole eligibility. They are then placed on a list for entry that is prioritized by 1) length of time until release, and 2) the date of application to enter treatment.

At the pre -treatment/pre-release program, entry for sex offender who have applied is based primarily on the shortness of time until release.

Both programs typically have approximately 20 offenders on the waiting list. Core curriculum

The curriculum for the treatment program includes: · Basic mental health

· Educational courses · Cognitive behavior therapy · Individual counseling · Group counseling

· Writing of prior history (journaling) · Specific assignments

Specific assignments are based on goals, behavioral assessment and treatment, and referral to substance abuse, domestic violence and anger management modules if required by the nature of the offense.

Program structure

In addition to two institutional programs, the Alaska DOC also operates community programs for those out on probation, parole, or furlough.

The program is designed only for sex offenders who are willing and amenable to treatment. Denial is addressed in the separate pre -treatment program and in the pre-treatment component at the comprehensive program. Offenders are expected to acknowledge responsibility for their offense by the time they enter the treatment program. The SOATP does not consider them to have entered treatment until they complete pre - treatment requirements.

Although the program is not structured on a therapeutic community model, it serves as a therapeutic community in the sense that it provides treatment a milieu setting. Milieu treatment is aimed at providing an intensive structure for evaluating, treating, and managing sex offenders.

Both institutional programs are provided in a milieu setting and are structured around specific goals, rather than phases.

Comprehensive program Minimum of 18 months

To be eligible for the comprehensive program, incarcerated sex offenders must be within 18 month to 6 years of their projected release/parole eligibility date.

The 78-bed program is housed at the Meadow Creek Correctional Center (MCCC), a medium security facility located in Eagle River, on the outskirts of Anchorage. Pre-treatment assessment and program orientation are available at MCCC in 18 beds reserved for that purpose, but are reserved for sex offenders entering treatment at that site. Inmates who successfully complete the pre -treatment program Lemon Creek Correctional Center (see below) can be recommended by their treatment teams for placement at the MCCC SOATP.

60 beds of the overall program are reserved for treatment participants. After assessment and treatment planning, participants progress through Core Treatment, which includes Core Goals that must be completed by all participants as well as Additional Goals determined by the needs of the individual participant. The average time for completing Core Goals is 17 months. The average time to complete each Additional Goal is 3 months.

Pre-treatment/pre-release program 4 to 12 months

Participants in the pre-treatment/pre-lease program generally have at least 6 months of their sentence to serve, although there is no minimum time criteria.

The program essentially has two tracks, although offenders are not separated for purposes of treatment. Both tracks focus on assessment and orientation to treatment. The pre -treatment track prepares participants to enter the comprehensive program. The pre -release track prepares participants to enter a community program upon release. Participants assigned to the pre -release track do not have sufficient sentences to enter treatment while incarcerated.

The 24-bed program is housed at the Lemon Creek Correctional Center (LCCC) in Juneau. As a close custody facility, the LCCC program can provide services to offenders whose custody is inappropriate for the MCCC facility. LCCC program participants who can lower their custody to medium or below may be recommended by their treatment teams for the comprehensive program at MCCC.

Program components

All contractors conducting sex offender programming in DOC institutions must provide the program components described below.

Psychological testing

All sex offenders entering the pre-treatment phase of the SOATP at MCCC and the pre -treatment/pre- release program at LCCC must undergo psychological testing. At a minimum, the testing must include the MMPI-2 and the MCMI-2. The WAIS -R is used at MCCC if indicated. The PCL-R is completed on offenders at MCCC during the course of treatment.

Physiological assessment

All male sex offenders entering the MCCC SOATP are expected to undergo a physiological assessment of sexual interest and arousal patterns. Exceptions may be made on a case-by-case basis.

Risk assessment

All offenders who enter pre-treatment must undergo risk assessment, conducted by the treatment team according to protocol established in the Standards of Care. Prior to the assessment, the team will review the offender’s history and institutional record. Risk assessments are updated throughout the course of the offender’s participation in both the pre-treatment/pre-release program and the comprehensive treatment program. Risk assessment also occurs in the community programs operated by the department.

Alaska Each participant must receive at least 1 hour of individual counseling per month, conducted by contract personnel.

Group counseling

Each participant in the MCCC comprehensive program must receive a minimum of 5 hours of group counseling a week. Each participant in the LCCC pre-treatment/pre-release program must receive a minimum of 3 hours of group counseling per week. Groups should be co-facilitated by a male and female therapist whenever possible. Group sizes must not exceed 12 participants on a consistent basis.

Family counseling sessions

Although family counseling is not required, the DOC strongly encourages it, when possible and clinically appropriate. Family sessions should be conducted with male and female co-therapists whenever possible.

Educational classes

Educational classes/modules should be used whenever possible for the dissemination of basic

information to program participants. Education may be used in the context of treatment groups or larger class-size groups.

Behavioral treatment

Any program participants u ndergoing behavioral treatments must sign an informed consent prior to the treatment. Behavioral treatments must adhere strictly to ethical and professional standards, and must not be used as punishment.

Anti-androgen treatment

Anti-androgen treatments (AAT) are not approved for administration while the offender is incarcerated. Upon release from the institution, the offender may be referred for assessment of this treatment need.

AAT can only be administered under the supervision of a licensed medical d octor, with the signed informed consent of the program participant. AAT for sex offenders is limited to Medroxyprogesterone Acetate and must not be used as punishment. The use of this treatment method is determined on a case- by-case basis.

Sub-groups

Program participants may be required to participate in sub-groups of 2 or more inmates who work together to complete assignments or work on other issues as directed by the treatment team.