Holt RIG. The effectiveness of glibenclamide in women with gestational diabetes. Diabetes Care 2009;24(Suppl. 1):180.
93. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). The guidelines manual
2009. 2009. URL: www.nice.org.uk/aboutnice/
howwework/developingniceclinicalguidelines/ clinicalguidelinedevelopmentmethods/
GuidelinesManual2009.jsp (accessed 29 July 2009). 94. Cheng Y, Chung J, Block-Kurbisch I, Inturrisi M,
Caughey A. Treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus: oral hypoglycemic agents compared to subcutaneous insulin therapy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2006;195(Suppl. 6):79.
95. Moore L, Clokey D, Robinson A. A randomized trial of metformin compared to glyburide in the treatment of gestational diabetes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005;193(Suppl. 6):S92.
96. Moore L, Clokey D, Curet L. A randomized controlled trial of metformin and glyburide in gestational diabetes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008;199(Suppl. 6):76.
97. Lindsay RS. Many HAPO returns: maternal glycemia and neonatal adiposity: new insights from the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (HAPO) study. Diabetes 2009;58(2):302–3. 98. Agarwal MM, Dhatt GS, Othman Y, Gupta R.
Gestational diabetes: fasting capillary glucose as a screening test in a multi-ethnic, high-risk population. Diabetic Medicine 2009;26(8):760–5. 99. Fadl H, Ostlund I, Nilsson K, Hanson U. Fasting
capillary glucose as a screening test for gestational diabetes mellitus. BJOG 2006;113(9):1067–71. 100. American Diabetes Association (ADA). Report of the
expert committee on the diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2003;26(Suppl. 1):S5–20.
101. Agarwal MM, Dhatt GS, Punnose J, Koster G. Gestational diabetes: a reappraisal of HBA1c as a screening test. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2005;84(12):1159–63.
102. Aldasouqi SA, Gossain VV. A proposal for a role of HbA1c in screening for gestational diabetes. Diabet
Med 2009;26(8):833–4.
103. Anderberg E, Kallen K, Berntorp K, Frid A, Aberg A. A simplified oral glucose tolerance test in pregnancy: compliance and results. Acta Obstet
Gynecol Scand 2007;86(12):1432–6.
104. Ayach W, Costa RA, Calderon IM, Rudge MV. Comparison between 100-g glucose tolerance test and two other screening tests for gestational diabetes: combined fasting glucose with risk factors and 50-g glucose tolerance test. Sao Paulo Med J 2006;124(1):4–9.
105. American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. ACOG Practice Bulletin. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists. Number 30, September 2001. Gestational diabetes. Obstet
Gynecol 2001;98(3):525–38.
106. Riskin-Mashiah S, Younes G, Damti A,
Auslander R. First trimester fasting hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Diabetes Care 2009;32(9):1639–43.
107. Schaefer-Graf UM, Kjos SL, Kilavuz O,
Plagemann A, Brauer M, Dudenhausen JW, et al. Determinants of fetal growth at different periods of pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetes Care 2003;26(1):193–8.
108. Bartha JL, Martinez-Del-Fresno P, Comino- Delgado R. Gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosed during early pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol
2000;182(2):346–50.
109. Most OL, Kim JH, Arslan AA, Klauser C. Maternal and neonatal outcomes in early glucose tolerance testing in an obstetric population in New York city.
J Perinat Med 2009;37(2):114–7.
110. Seshiah V, Cynthia A, Balaji V, Balaji MS, Ashalata S, Sheela R, et al. Detection and care of women with gestational diabetes mellitus from early weeks of pregnancy results in birthweight of newborn babies appropriate for gestational age. Diabetes Res Clin
Pract 2008;80(2):199–202.
111. Sacks DA, Chen W, Wolde-Tsadik G, Buchanan TA. Fasting plasma glucose test at the first prenatal visit as a screen for gestational diabetes. Obstet Gynecol 2003;101(6):1197–203.
112. Cosson E, Benchimol M, Carbillon L, Pharisien I, Paries J, Valensi P, et al. Universal rather than selective screening for gestational diabetes mellitus may improve fetal outcomes. Diabetes Metab 2006;32:140–6.
113. Masson EA, Lindow SW. Where is the evidence to screen for gestational diabetes? BJOG 2006;113(5):615–16.
114. PSSRU, Compiled by Curtis L. Unit costs of health
and social care. 2008. URL: www.pssru.ac.uk/uc/ uc.htm (accessed 6 August 2009).
96
115. Chen Y, Quick WW, Yang W, Zhang Y, Baldwin A, Moran J, et al. Cost of gestational diabetes mellitus in the United States in 2007. Popul Health Manag 2009;12(3):165–74.
116. Todorova K, Palaveev O, Petkova VB, Stefanova M, Dimitrova Z. A pharmacoeconomical model for choice of a treatment for pregnant women with gestational diabetes. Acta Diabetol 2007;44(3):144–8. 117. Goetzl L, Wilkins I. Glyburide compared to insulin
for the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus: a cost analysis. J Perinatol 2002;22(5):403–6.
118. Lai J, Tan J, Cheng Y, Alexandra G, Liddell J, Caughey A. Cost analysis of metformin vs insulin in management of gestational diabetes. Am J Obstet
Gynecol 2008;199(Suppl. 6):818.
119. Kitzmiller JL, Elixhauser A, Carr S, Major CA, de VM, ng-Kilduff L, et al. Assessment of costs and benefits of management of gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 1998;21(Suppl. 2):B123–30. 120. Moss JR, Crowther CA, Hiller JE, Willson KJ,
Robinson JS, Chipps D, et al. Costs and consequences of treatment for mild gestational diabetes mellitus – evaluation from the ACHOIS randomised trial. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2007;7. 121. Lavin JP, Lavin B, O’Donnell N. A comparison
of costs associated with screening for gestational diabetes with two-tiered and one-tiered testing protocols. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001;184(3):363–7. 122. Moses R, Fulwood S, Griffiths R. Gestational
diabetes mellitus: resource utilization and costs of diagnosis and treatment. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 1997;37(2):184–6.
123. Nicholson WK, Fleisher LA, Fox HE, Powe NR. Screening for gestational diabetes mellitus – a decision and cost-effectiveness analysis of four screening strategies. Diabetes Care 2005;28(6): 1482–4.
124. Larijani B, Hossein-nezhad A, Rizvi SW, Munir S, Vassigh AR. Cost analysis of different screening strategies for gestational diabetes mellitus. Endocr
Pract 2003;9(6):504–9.
125. Di Cianni G, Volpe L, Casadidio I, Bottone P, Marselli L, Lencioni C, et al. Universal screening and intensive metabolic management of gestational diabetes: cost-effectiveness in Italy. Acta Diabetola 2002;39(2):69–73.
126. Poncet B, Touzet S, Rocher L, Berland M, Orgiazzi J, Colin C. Cost-effectiveness analysis of gestational diabetes mellitus screening in France.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2002;103(2):122–9.
127. Thung S, Pettker C, Funai E. Screening for gestational diabetes: is a 130 mg/dl or 140 mg/dl glucose challenge test threshold more cost-effective?
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2007;197(6):355.
128. Torloni MR, Betran AP, Horta BL, Nakamura MU, Atallah AN, Moron AF, et al. Prepregnancy BMI and the risk of gestational diabetes: a systematic review of the literature with meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2009;10(2):194–203.
129. IADPSG Consensus Panel. International association of diabetes and pregnancy study groups recommendations on the diagnosis and classification of hyperglycemia in pregnancy.
Diabetes Care 2010;33(3):676–82.
130. International Diabetes Federation. Global guideline
on pregnancy and diabetes. 2009. URL: www.idf.org/ global-guideline-pregnancy-and-diabetes (accessed 5 April 2010).
131. Retnakaran R, Qi Y, Sermer M, Connelly PW, Hanley AJ, Zinman B. The antepartum glucose values that predict neonatal macrosomia differ from those that predict postpartum prediabetes or diabetes: implications for the diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009;94(3):840–5.
132. Bellamy L, Casas JP, Hingorani AD, Williams D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus after gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2009;373(9677):1773–9.
133. Simmons D, Rowan J, Reid R, Campbell N. Screening, diagnosis and services for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in New Zealand: a technical report from the
National GDM Technical Working Party. N Z Med J 2008;121(1270):74–86.
134. Agarwal MM, Dhatt GS, Punnose J, Zayed R. Gestational diabetes: fasting and postprandial glucose as first prenatal screening tests in a high- risk population. J Reprod Med 2007;52(4):299–305. 135. Reece EA, Leguizamon G, Wiznitzer A. Gestational
diabetes: the need for a common ground. Lancet 2009;373(9677):1789–97.
136. Massicotte MH, Ardilouze JL, Menard J, Gosselin MJ, Ouellet AB, Moutquin JM, et al. Factors influencing 50-g glucose challenge test results in gestational diabetes. Diabetes 2009;58: A639.
137. Hadden DR, McLaughlin C. Normal and abnormal maternal metabolism during pregnancy. Semin Fetal
97