CAPITULO III: PLANIFICACIÓN ESTRATEGICA
3.3 ANÁLISIS DE LA COMPETENCIA
3.3.4. Análisis de Porter
Recommendation for Practice
Victims’ family and social network
• The victims’ family members/social network, as well as witnesses of fatal overdoses (if
not the same) should be screened for the need of individual psychological intervention to deal with the experience of a traumatic life event and bereavement, and prevent the development/aggravation of psychopathology.
• Mental health staff intervening with overdose witnesses or the victims’ family/social
network members should narrowly collaborate with drug services, in order to combine an effective grief intervention with an accurate information provision about the risk and protective factors for overdose.
• The victims’ family should be routinely informed by the services that first contact
them after death, about the most suitable support services. They should also be referred, if they want to.
• Bereavement support groups should be presented to families that grieve due to an
overdose death, preferably by drug services. The homogeneity of these groups in terms of cause of death should be guaranteed, in order to avoid the stigmatization of those individuals within the group. These groups should be available in several country regions, in order to facilitate people’s access.
• Online contents and services concerning support to families should be provided as a
suitable way to facilitate the first contact. A governmental website with this purpose should be created (in resemblance to the Scottish site; see chapter 2), containing information about drug use, overdose prevention, overdose fatality, and support resources.
• Online anonymous forums were parents can talk with professionals can be created, as
minimum self-‐exposure.
• In resemblance to Scotland, a national helpline with people specialized in drugs and
grief management should be available to the families/social network and witnesses.
• Families should be elected by drug services to participate in overdose prevention
interventions. They should be involved in the provision of training to families (peer-‐to-‐ peers), as well as in training and awareness-‐raising near first respondents (e.g. police and fireman). The elected family members should be able to conciliate these activities with an adapted grieving process.
• Professionals (from State drug/mental health services; NGO’s in the drugs field)
working with families of people who experienced overdose (fatal or non-‐fatal), should promote advocacy competences in the families, if they are willing to do so. Associative
movements for overdose prevention among families should be promoted.
• Training aimed at the professionals must be provided, in order to empower them and
help them fulfil the previous actions.
• Drug services should promote the families’ involvement in overdose prevention
campaigns, including the ones conveyed through the media. Campaigns against stigma should be designed in straight collaboration with families, deconstructing the stereotypes associated to them and their relatives that use(d) drugs.
Drug-‐related and Drug-‐induced Deaths Registry Systems
• Data protection issues (especially in cases when the results come from different
sources) must be discussed, in order to find an ethically/adjustable solution that doesn’t block the access to data or the exchange of information.
• Systems that contemplate the collection of a complete set of relevant information
about the DRD cases, in resemblance to the one implemented in Scotland, must be designed. Solid networks between services responsible for the forensic investigation and health services used by PUD are necessary to implement them.
Recommendation for Policy
Victims’ family and social network
• Family members of PUD, including the ones grieving after an overdose related death,
should be selected by parliamentary work groups to be present in debates on the topic. State drug services and NGO’s can mediate this “voice-‐giving” process.
Recommendation for Research
Victims’ family and social network
• National studies focused on the assessment of the needs of the victims’ family should
be developed in European countries.
• Research findings should be converted into guidelines for both policies and practices
concerning the support provided to the victims’ relatives.
• Similarly to the research developed by UKDPC (2010) in Scotland, some investments to
understand the public opinion concerning overdoses, as well as the messages conveyed by mass media, should be made. The findings can contribute to the design of awareness campaigns (with the relatives’ involvement) that directly address public representations.
Drug-‐related and Drug-‐induced Deaths Registry Systems
• Increase the number and quality of cohort studies (e.g. using a sufficient number of
participants) through registries data and by capitalizing on Special Mortality registries that, in some countries, (virtually) include all deaths occurring among PUD (e.g. Croatia).
Drug-‐related and Drug-‐induced Deaths Registry Systems
• Countries have to discuss solutions to reinforce their ability to develop toxicological
analyses.
• A continuous work on the standardization of data collection and report proceedings
across European countries is also needed. Focus groups with national representatives should be promoted, in order to create a critical mass focused on this issue.
References
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