Análisis y evaluación del grado de gestión ambiental y el

There is some uncertainty about the homology of the sclerite basad of the prementum in weevils and other Coleoptera. I am following LYAL (1995), referring to it as the submentum. The area of the head visible in ventral aspect between the posterior tentorial pit and the neck membrane is referred to as the "gular region", although morphologically speaking, it only consists of the postgenae and a single gular suture. In front of the eyes the postgena reaches between submentum and gena (in the morphological sense) as a more or less extended wedge. The term "gena", unless otherwise stated, is not used in the morphological sense, but denotes the lateral surface of the head behind the eyes (Fig. 10). The term "vertex" is used for the dorsal surface of the head behind the eyes, and the "frons" for the area between the eyes.

I am following THOMPSON (1996) using "prepectus" (Fig. 11) and "postpectus" for the parts of the prosternum before and behind the procoxa respectively. Legs are described in an idealized, laterad extended position: there are a dorsal / ventral and an anterior / posterior surface. The "height" of a tibia is its dorsoventral extent. In describing the armature of the male profemur, protuberances in a submedian position are assigned to the anterior, or posterior half of the femur according to their position relative to the bent protibia. The position of characters on the extremities is described as follows: the distance of the position from the apical end is put into relation with the overall length of the respective part of the body. e. g., "spine at 0.15 of profemur" means that the spine is located 15% of the length of the profemur from its apex. The terms "spine", "tooth" and "denticle" are used, as defined by SCHUH (1989), for acute cuticular processes of decreasing size.

gena

vertex

Fig. 10. Habitus of sp. ( -group, new species 23) in dorsal aspect. Explanation of terminology of

head; length / width measurements of prothorax and of elytron. Drawing by Jolanta Swietojanska.

Euops papua

rostrum

Height of Pterothorax Height of Pterothorax Length of prepectus dorsal edge of mesotibia anterior surface of mesotibia procoxa

Fig. 11. Habitus of sp. ( -group, new species 23) in lateral aspect. Explanation of terminology. Drawing by Jolanta Swietojanska.

The tibial apex of Attelabinae is developed into one (males) or two (females) teeth. Although tibial teeth are present in Curculionidae, they are neither found in the presumed sister-group of the subfamily, the Rhynchitinae, nor in the Brentidae (sensu KUSCHEL), the family intermediate cladistically between Attelabidae and Curculionidae. In these groups the tibial apex is subtruncate and surrounded by a complete ring of thickened setae, the plesiomorphic form for the superfamily. The attelabine tibial teeth thus are unlikely to be homologous with those of the Curculionidae, and from a strictly morphological point of view different terms should be coined for them. However, in this study terms are used in a descriptive rather than morphological sense, and THOMPSON´s (1992) terminology will be employed. The tooth at the tibial apex of the male is thus termed the "uncus", while the second, more ventral tooth of the female I am terming the "premucro". The latter term is used instead of the more familiar "mucro" because of its position with respect to the protibial setose fringe, making it analogous to the premucro in, for example, Cossoninae.

The morphologically correct numbers for the abdominal segments are used. It should be recalled that the first externally visible sternite is sternite III. The body of the aedeagus consists of two sclerotized plates connected laterally by membrane. The dorsal plate is the tectum and the ventral plate is the pedon. The apical part of the pedon, delimited more or less from the remainder, is referred to as the apical scoop of the pedon. The "transfer apparatus" of the male aedeagus is abbreviated "TA". Figures 196-199 of appendix 5 outline the terminology of the male genitalia. For the terms used to describe the spermatheca see figure 131 of appendix 2.

Sculptural characters of the cuticle are categorized as macrosculptural and microsculptural. The macrosculpture is evident using a dissection microscope at low to medium magnification (ca. 5-50 X). The microsculpture can be seen superimposed on the macrosculpture either using a dissection microscope with good illumination at high magnification (ca. 50-100 X) or with an SEM. If a strong microsculpture is present, the cuticle usually appears dull at medium magnification. A cuticle described as "shining" with no further comments regarding microsculpture implies that a microsculpture can not be seen with a dissection microscope. In the definition of sculptural characters, I follow SCHUH (1989). If there are pairs of terms e. g., "punctate" and "punctulate" or "rugose" and "rugulose" I am using the former term for macrosculpture, the latter for microsculpture. "Rugose" is used if there are wrinkles present that extend over some distance. "Scabrous" is used for a coarse surface with irregular short, sharp projections. The term "simple" is used to describe the absence of a conspicuous (usually rare) modification, e. g., a "normal" elytral humerus instead of an elytral humerus bearing a denticle.