Registros

Knowing about these is very necessary for understanding the nature of causative factors, a balance or not of Yin and Yang, and exogenous or endogenous diseases.

1.1 Chills accompanied by fever

Chills: Feeling Cold, without relief with putting on more clothes.

Fever: Body temperature high or normal, feeling hot in the whole body or a certain part.

Chills and fever: Feeling Cold, and accompanied with high body temperature.

This is a sign of a struggle between antipathogenic Qi and pathogenic Qi in an exterior syndrome.

Manifestations Significance

Characteristics Complications

Severe chills, mild fever No sweating, aching of the body

Exterior Cold syndrome – invasion of Cold affecting the body surface and injuring Yang

Mild chills, severe fever Thirst, red face Exterior Heat syndrome – invasion of Heat causing excessive Yang

Mild fever, aversion to Wind Spontaneous sweating, superficial pulse that is a bit slow

Exterior Deficiency Cold syndrome – invasion of Wind causing opening of the pores

Chills and fever Heaviness and pain of the body, irritability, thirst

Summer Heat affecting the body surface

Chills and fever Heaviness and pain of the head and body, fullness in chest and epigastric region

Damp blocking the body surface

Chills and fever Dryness in the throat, cough, little Phlegm

Dryness damaging the body surface

preponderance of antipathogenic qi and pathogenic qi

Preponderance of both – severe chills and fever: Strong struggle between the antipathogenic Qi and pathogenic Qi.

Mild pathogenic Qi and declined antipathogenic Qi – mild chills and fever:

Not strong struggle between the antipathogenic Qi and pathogenic Qi.

Preponderant pathogenic Qi and declined antipathogenic Qi – severe chills and mild fever: Pathogenic Qi defeating antipathogenic Qi.

1.2 Chills without fever

Chills without fever: Feeling Cold but no fever, seen in Interior Cold syndrome.

aversion to Cold: Feeling Cold, but relieved by putting on more clothes.

Manifestations Significance

Excess Cold syndrome – Cold affecting directly, damaging Yang Qi

New disease, a severe Cold pain in

epigastrium or other part of the body; deep slow forceful pulse

Deficiency Cold syndrome – deficiency of Yang Qi failing to warm the body

Prolonged disease, weak constitution with aversion to cold; deep slow forceless pulse

1.3 Fever without chills

Manifestations Significance

High fever

Persistent high fever (over 39°), red face, thirst, preference for Cold drinks, profuse sweating, surging pulse

Interior Heat syndrome – pathogenic factor entering interior and transformed into Heat, strong struggle between antipathogenic Qi and pathogenic Qi, excessive interior Heat

Tidal fever

Fever occurs, or becomes worse, at a fixed hour of the day just like the waves of the sea

Yangming Heat – tidal fever in the afternoon at 3–5 o’clock, accompanied by abdominal distention and constipation

Yangming Fu Excess syndrome – Heat in

Stomach and Large Intestine;

Yangming Qi excess in afternoon at 3–5 o’clock plus excess Heat

Damp Heat – Heat felt in a long palpating; fever becoming worse in the afternoon, accompanied with heaviness of the head and body

Damp Heat in febrile disease – Damp Heat inside the body, so Heat felt in a long palpating. Yang Qi declining in the afternoon, weak in resisting disease, so fever becoming worse in the afternoon

Manifestations Significance Yin deficiency Heat –

afternoon or night low fever, feeling like Heat radiating from inside bones, accompanied with flushed cheeks and night sweating

Yin Deficiency syndrome – Yang Qi declines in the afternoon, weak in resisting diseases, the disease is worse, so the fever is worse. At night, defensive Yang enters into the interior, so feels like Heat from inside bones

Low fever 37°–38° Seen in some endogenous

diseases and the late stage of febrile diseases

Classifications according to pathogenesis

Manifestations Significance

Fever due to Yin deficiency Same as the Yin deficiency Heat Fever due to Qi

deficiency

Low fever for a long time, worse on exertion, or persistent high fever, accompanied with spontaneous sweating and tiredness

Weakness of Spleen-Qi – failure to disperse clear Yang, which stagnates in the body surface, so causes fever

Infantile summer fever

Long-time fever in summer accompanied with restlessness, thirst, no sweating, and more urine;

self-cured when autumn starts

Qi and Yin deficiency of infants failing to adapt to the Heat in summer

1.4 Alternate chills and fever

This is the representative symptom of intermediate syndromes, as is seen in Shaoyang disease and malaria.

shaoyang Disease

In this there are alternating attacks of chills and fever, accompanied by a bitter taste in the mouth, thirst, a dry throat, a blurring of vision, fullness and stuffiness in the chest and hypochondrium, poor appetite, and a wiry pulse. This is because the exogenous pathogenic factors have stagnated half in the exterior and half in the interior, where the antipathogenic Qi and pathogenic Qi struggle with each

other. When the pathogenic Qi is preponderant, chills are present, while when the antipathogenic Qi is preponderant, there is an onset of fever.

Malaria

This causes alternating chills and fever attacks at a fixed time, once a day or every two to three days, accompanied by a severe headache, thirst and profuse sweating.

The malaria pathogens stagnate half in the exterior, manifesting as high fever, and half in the interior, manifesting as chills.