ANÁLISIS DE LA FICHA DE OBSERVACIÓN APLICADA A LOS

30 Corolla radially symmetrical; stamens as many as the corolla lobes (or 1 less in Ruellia in ACANTHACEAE, Buchnera in OROBANCHACEAE, and Verbena in VERBENACEAE); carpels 2 or 3.

31 Pistils 2, united only by the style and stigma; fruit a schizocarp of 2 follicles (often single by abortion); plant with milky juice when fresh; leaves entire ... ...[Apocynum, Asclepias, Catharanthus, Cynanchum, Gonolobus, Matelea, Seutera] APOCYNACEAE 31 Pistil 1 (of 2 or 3 fused carpels); fruit a capsule; plant lacking milky juice; leaves entire or serrate.

32 Ovary and capsule 3-5-carpellate; capsule 3- or 1-locular.

33 Sepals 2 ... [Montia] MONTIACEAE 33 Sepals 5.

34 Inflorescence a terminal cyme; corolla salverform, with an elongated and very narrow tube, pink or white; capsule 3-locular ... [Phlox] POLEMONIACEAE 34 Inflorescence various but not cymose, of terminal or axillary racemes or panicles, or of solitary axillary

flowers; corolla connate only at the base, the petals appearing nearly separate (not salverform); capsule 1- locular ... [Anagallis (-> Lysimachia), Lysimachia] PRIMULACEAE 32 Ovary and capsule 2-carpellate; capsule 2-locular.

35 Stamens 4-12, the same number as the corolla lobes; corolla (and the flower as a whole) strictly radially symmetrical.

36 Capsule septicidal; corolla white, pink, blue, yellowish white, or greenish white; inflorescence either a terminal or axillary cyme, or a terminal panicle or raceme, or a terminal or axillary cyme reduced to 1 or a few flowers ...

[Bartonia, Centaurium, Eustoma, Gentiana, Gentianella, Gentianopsis, Obolaria, Sabatia, Schenkia] GENTIANACEAE 36 Capsule loculicidal and also deeply 2-lobed; corolla white, pink, or scarlet with a yellow interior;

inflorescence of cymosely arranged spikes ...[Mitreola, Spigelia] LOGANIACEAE 35 Stamens 4, 1 less than the 5 corolla lobes; corolla usually slightly bilaterally symmetrical (the flower as a whole

made bilaterally symmetrical by the 4 stamens)

37 Leaves entire; corolla tube flaring for all of its length; inflorescence axillary, of cymes or clusters (often reduced to a solitary flower) ... [Dyschoriste, Ruellia] ACANTHACEAE 37 Leaves serrate; corolla salverform, the tube narrow and nearly the same diameter for most of its length;

inflorescence a terminal spike or raceme, or raceme of racemes.

38 Fruit a 2-locular capsule; stamens inserted near the base of the corolla tube ... ... [Buchnera] OROBANCHACEAE 38 Fruit a schizocarp of 4 mericarps; stamens inserted near the middle of the corolla tube ... ... [Verbena] VERBENACEAE 30 Corolla bilaterally symmetrical; fertile stamens fewer than the corolla lobes (except Plantago in PLANTAGINACEAE,

which is equal, with 4 each; a few genera have a 5th_{, sterile, stamen which is obviously different in form than the 4 fertile} stamens) (note that many corollas are bilabiate and the number of corolla lobes, 4 or 5, may be difficult to interpret); carpels 2.

39 Carpels 2, each carpel slightly to deeply lobed, separating at maturity into 4 half-carpellate units (not separating in Phyla in VERBENACEAE); fruit a schizocarp of 4 mericarps (or 2 nutlets in Phyla in VERBENACEAE). 40 Inflorescence a thyrse, verticillaster, or terminal cyme, the flowers borne in cymose lateral branches; corolla

strongly bilaterally symmetrical (rarely nearly radially symmetrical); stems square in ×-section (or sometimes rounded, especially on older growth); fresh plants often (but not always) aromatic ... [most] LAMIACEAE 40 Inflorescence of spikes or racemes, the flowers or fruits single at nodes; corolla often nearly radially symmetrical;

stems rounded in X-section (rarely square); fresh plants usually not aromatic .... [Phyla, Verbena] VERBENACEAE 39 Carpels 2, unlobed; fruit a capsule (or an achene in Phryma).

41 Stamens 2.

42 Corolla 4 lobed, almost radially symmetrical; corolla scarious, white, or bluish ... ...[Plantago, Veronica] PLANTAGINACEAE 42 Corolla 4-5-lobed, either strongly bilabiate or salverform (Pseuderanthemum in ACANTHACEAE); white, blue,

or yellow.

43 Inflorescence an axillary cluster or spike ... [Dicliptera, Justicia, Pseuderanthemum] ACANTHACEAE 43 Inflorescence of solitary (rarely 2) axillary flower.

44 Sepals 4 ... [Hemianthus (=Micranthemum in FoV), Micranthemum] LINDERNIACEAE 44 Sepals 5, distinct or nearly so.

45 Corolla barely bilaterally symmetrical, the lobes about as long as the tube; outer sepals ovate, much wider than the inner sepals ... [Bacopa] PLANTAGINACEAE 45 Corolla distinctly bilabiate, the lobes shorter than the tube; sepals of nearly the same width.

46 Sterile stamens (the lower pair) consisting of slender filaments... [Lindernia] LINDERNIACEAE 46 Sterile stamens minute or completely absent ... [Gratiola] PLANTAGINACEAE 41 Stamens 4.

47 Corolla 4 lobed, nearly radially symmetrical; corolla scarious... [Plantago] PLANTAGINACEAE 47 Corolla 5-lobed, distinctly bilabiate or in some nearly radially symmetrical; corolla colored.

48 Flowers in terminal racemes, panicles, or spikes, the inflorescence not interspersed with large, leaf-like bracts. 49 Sepals separate to the base or nearly so, not forming a tube...

... [Antirrhinum, Chelone, Linaria, Nuttallanthus, Penstemon, Penstemon] PLANTAGINACEAE 49 Sepals connate for at least 0.3× their length to form a tube (this cup-like and flaring in Scrophularia in

SCROPHULARIACEAE).

50 Inflorescence a diffuse panicle; corolla 5-11 mm long, reddish-brown (sometimes with some yellow); fruit a septicidal capsule ... [Scrophularia] SCROPHULARIACEAE 50 Inflorescnce of 1 or more terminal (and sometimes upper axillary) spikes or racemes; corolla 10-50 mm

long (6-8 mm long in Phryma in PHRYMACEAE), white, pink, blue, purple, or yellow; fruit either a loculicidal capsule (OROBANCHACEAE) or a single seeded achene (Phryma in PHRYMACEAE). 51 Corolla 10-50 mm long, pink, blue, purple, or ywllow; fruit a loculicidal capsule ...

... [Agalinis, Aureolaria, Buchnera, Pedicularis] OROBANCHACEAE 51 Corolla 6-8 mm long, white to pale pink; fruit a 1-seeded achene contained in the accrescent calyx, this

“lopping down” against the inflorescence axis ... [Phryma] PHRYMACEAE 48 Flowers axillary and solitary, borne in the axils of normally-sized leaves or somewhat reduced but still large

and leaf-like bracts [some taxa keyed here and below]. 52 Sepals separate to the base or nearly so, not forming a tube.

53 Corolla distinctly bilabiate... [Lindernia] LINDERNIACEAE 53 Corolla not bilabiate, only slightly bilaterally symmetrical.

54 Leaves serrate, 2.0-4.5 cm long; plant usually blackening on drying ... ... [Mecardonia] PLANTAGINACEAE 54 Leaves entire, either mostly larger or smaller [see below]; plant not blackening on drying

55 Leaves 0.6-2.8 cm long, round, obovate, or broadly elliptic, , < 1.8× as long as wide; plants creeping, ascending to 3 dm tall; [plants of wet places] ... [Bacopa] PLANTAGINACEAE

55 Leaves 3-30 cm long, narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, > 2× as long as wide; plants erect or the stems sprawling; [plants mostly of uplands] ... [Dyschoriste, Ruellia] ACANTHACEAE 52 Sepals connate for at least 0.3× their length to form a tube.

56 Corolla yellow, orange, or red.

57 Calyx lobes longer than the tube, or as long as the tube, corolla 25-50 mm long; plants usually blackening on drying ... [Aureolaria] OROBANCHACEAE 57 Calyx lobes shorter than the tube; corolla 14-22 mm long; plants not blackening on drying.

58 Corolla red or orange, with a very narrow, cylindrical tube, the lobes then flaring into a limb about 1 cm across; plants blackening on drying; [rare alien, in crop fields, a noxious hemiparasitic weed under quarantine] ...[Striga] OROBANCHACEAE 58 Corolla yellow, not narrowly cylindrical, the lower lip arched; plants not blackening on drying;

[rare, in seepage wetlands] ... [Mimulus] PHRYMACEAE 56 Corolla white, pale blue, lavender, or pink (sometimes with some yellow).

59 Corolla pink (sometimes almost white), often lined with yellow inside; leaves narrowly linear, often filiform (except lanceolate in A. auriculata); plants usually blackening on drying (some species do not); corolla not strongly bilabiate ... [Agalinis] OROBANCHACEAE 59 Corolla white, blue, or combinations of blue and white (sometimes with some yellow markings);

leaves broader, mostly lanceolate; plants not blackening on drying; corolla strongly bilabiate. 60 Upper lip of the corolla hooded, enfolding the anthers ... [Melampyrum] OROBANCHACEAE 60 Upper lip of the corolla not hooded and enclosing the anthers; plants not blackening on drying.

61 Corolla blue; lower lip of the corolla arched upwards into the throat; plants perennial from rhizomes or crowns, 3-13 dm tall ... [Mimulus] PHRYMACEAE 61 Corolla bicolored, the upper lip white or very pale blue, the lower lip bright blue; lower lip of

the corolla folded downward into a pouch enfolding the anthers; plants annuals, 0.5-4 dm tall ... ... [Collinsia] PLANTAGINACEAE