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This appendix summarises the main statutory and other obligations on DNOs, Generators and Users in relation to the design and operation of primary and protection equipment associated with Distribution Systems.

The key driver on the DNO is to ensure that it can comply with its statutory duties, and its regulatory obligations, in protecting its network, and disconnecting the minimum amount of equipment when unsafe situations have developed, as well as preserving supplies to other customers.

A key consideration of Generators and Users is similarly to ensure that they can comply with their statutory duties to protect their entire network and to disconnect relevant equipment when unsafe situations have developed.

Reference Obligation DNO Generator User ESQCR Reg 3 Ensure equipment is sufficient for

purpose and electrically protected to prevent danger, so far as is reasonably practicable.

X X -

ESQCR Reg 4 Disclose information and co-operate with each other to ensure compliance with the ESQC Regulations 2002

X X -

ESQCR Reg 6 Apply protective devices to their network, so far as is reasonably practicable, to prevent overcurrents from exceeding equipment ratings.

X X -

ESQC Reg 7 Ensure continuity of the neutral conductor and not introduce any protective device in the neutral conductor or earthing connection of LV networks.

X X -

ESQCR Reg 8 Connect the network to earth at or as near as reasonably practicable to the source of voltage; the earth connection need only be made at one point.

X X -

ESQCR Reg 11 Take all reasonable precautions to minimise the risk of fire from substation equipment.

X X -

ESQCR Reg 21 Ensure that switched alternative sources of energy to distribution networks cannot operate in parallel with those networks and that such equipment which is part of an LV consumer’s installation complies with BS 7671.

X X

ESQCR Reg 22 Not install or operate sources of energy in parallel with distribution networks unless there are: appropriate equipment, personnel and procedures to prevent danger, so far as is reasonably practicable; LV consumers’ equipment complies with BS 7671; and specific requirements are agreed with the DNO.

Reference Obligation DNO Generator User ESQCR Reg 24 DNO equipment which is on a

consumer’s premises but not under the consumer’s control is protected by a suitable fused cut-out or circuit breaker which is situated as close as reasonably practicable to the supply terminals, which is enclosed in a locked or sealed container.

X

ESQCR Reg 25 Not give consent to making or altering of connections where there are reasonable grounds to believe that the consumer’s installation does not comply with ESQCR / BS 7671 or, so far as is reasonably practicable, is not protected to prevent danger or interruption of supply.

X

ESQCR Reg 27 Declare the number of phases, frequency and voltage of the supply and, save in exceptional circumstances, keep this within permitted variations.

X

ESQCR Reg 28 Provide a written statement of the type and rating of protective devices.

X

EAWR Reg 4 Construct systems including suitable protective devices that can handle the likely load and fault conditions.

X X X

EAWR Reg 5 Not put into service electrical equipment where it strength and capability may be exceeded in such a way as to pose a danger.

X X X

EAWR Reg 11 Provide an efficient and suitably located means to protect against excess current that would otherwise result in danger.

X X X

MHSWR Reg 3 Carry out an assessment of risks to which employees are exposed to at work and risks to other persons not employed arising from the activities undertaken.

X X X

BS 7671 Provide protective devices to break overload/fault current in LV consumer installations before danger arises.

X

BS 7671 Take suitable precautions where a reduction in voltage, or loss and subsequent restoration of voltage, could cause danger.

Reference Obligation DNO Generator User Distribution

Code DPC4.4.4

Incorporate protective devices in Distribution Systems in accordance with the requirements of the ESQCR. Agree protection systems, operating times, discrimination and sensitivity at the ownership boundary.

Normally provide back-up protection in case of circuit breaker failure on HV systems. X X X X X X X X X Distribution Code DPC6.3

User’s equipment must be compatible with DNO standards and practices. Design protection systems that take into account auto-reclosing or sequential switching features on the DNO network. Be aware that DNO protection arrangements may cause disconnection of one or two phases only of a three phase supply. X X X X X X Distribution Code DPC7.4.3

Co-ordinate protection of embedded Generator with DNO network and meet target clearance times

X

Agree protection settings at network ownership boundary in writing during the connection consultation process

X X

Distribution Code DPC7.4.4

Generating Units or Power Stations must withstand NPS loading incurred during clearance of a close-up phase to phase fault by system back-up protection

X

Distribution Code DPC7.4.5

Agree transformer winding configuration and method of earthing with DNO

X

Distribution Code DPC8.10

Assess the transient overvoltage effects at the network ownership boundary, where necessary.

13.10 Example calculations to determine if unequal generation across different