PLAZAS COMERCIALES
ARTICULO 99.- Antes artículo 95 ya derogado
a-, an- without asymmetric, apathy, amoral, amorphous, anarchy
ab- away absent, absolve, abstemious, abhor, abstruse, abstract
-able, -ible (adj) able to be paintable, indomitable, malleable, insuperable, tractable,
interminable
acer, acr bitter, sharp acrid, exacerbate, acrimonious, acerbic
act, agi, age to act, to perform action, exacting, agent, agenda, exigent, agile
acu sharp acute, acumen, acuity, acupuncture
ad- to, toward, for advance, advocate, aspire, allude, acquiesce, adhere
agog leading, teaching demagogue, pedagogy, synagogue
agon struggle agony, antagonistic, protagonist, agonize
-al (adj) like, pertaining to personal, ephemeral, comical, conventional
(n) the act of denial, refusal, perusal
altr, alter, ulter other alter ego, altruism, altercation, alternate, adulterate
ambi-, amphi- both ambidextrous, ambivalent, ambiguous, amphibian
ami, amic friend amiable, amicable, inimical, amity, enemy
ana- backward, mixed up anagram, anachronism, anabolism, analect
-ance, -ence (n) act, quality, being tolerance, reticence, temperance, nonchalance, ambivalence
anima life, spirit, mind animate, unanimous, magnanimous, equanimity, inanimate,
pusillanimous
ante- before ante, antecedent, antebellum, antedeluvian, antedate, anterior
anthro humankind anthropology, misanthrope, philanthropist, anthropomorphism
anti- against anticlimactic, antipathy, antagonistic, antidote, antithesis
apo- away, from, not apology, apostrophe, apocryphal, apostasy, apogee, apologetics
apt, ept well-suited aptitude, inept, apt, adapt, adept
arbit judge arbitration, arbitrary, arbiter
arch ancient archaeology, archive, archaic, archaeopteryx
chief, most important archrival, architect, archipelago, archetype
govern, rule anarchy, monarch, hierarchy, oligarchy
-ation (n) act of, result of imitation, saturation, cultivation, recitation, conflagration
audi to hear auditory, audition, audience, auditorium, audio, audit
auto- self automatic, autobiography, autocracy, autotroph
bellum, belli war, fighting belligerent, antebellum, bellicose, rebellious
bene, bon good beneficiary, benign, benediction, benefactor, bon mot
bi- two, twice bisect, biannually, bifurcate, binomial
bio- life biology, biography, biome, bioluminescence, symbiosis
cad, cid, cas to fall decay, decadent, casualty, recidivist, cascade
cant, chant to sing, to recite incantation, recant, cantata, enchant, chant
cap, capit head decapitate, capitulation, capital, recap, chapter
carn flesh carnivore, carnival, reincarnation, incarnate
cata down, fall, precipitate catalyst, cataract, cataclysm, catastrophe, catapult
ced, ces to go proceed, precedent, concession, recede, secede
cern, cert to set apart discern, discernment, ascertain, certain, certify
chron time chronological, synchronize, anachronism, chronograph
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(intensive) consummate, condone, conflagration, complacent
cogn, conn to know recognize, connoisseur, reconnoiter, cognizant, incognito, cognoscenti
contra- against contradiction, incontrovertible, contrary, contraband, contravene
cor, cour heart cardiac, cordial, concord, discord, courage
cred to trust incredible, discredit, credence, incredulous, credible, credit
crim judgment, offense crime, discriminating, criminal, incriminate, recrimination
crit judge critic, criteria, critique, diacritic, hypocritical
crypt, cryph hidden cryptic, apocryphal, encryption, decrypt, cryptogram
culpa blame culprit, exculpate, culpable, mea culpa
cur, cour to run course, discursive, cursory, incur, precursor, courier
de- down, from, away descend, indefatigable, denigrate, detract, decadent, condescend
deca-, deci- ten; one-tenth decade, decathlon; decimeter, decimal, decibel
delet, deli to destroy, to eliminate delete, deleterious, indelible
dem people democracy, demographics, epidemic, demagogue
dext, droit right-handed, skilled dexterity, ambidextrous, adroit
di- apart, away diverge, digress, diversion, diffident, diffuse
dia- through diagonal, diameter, diaphanous, diatribe
dic, dict to declare dictate, vindictive, dictum, malediction, dictatorial
dign, dain worthy dignity, indignation, disdain, deign
dis- apart, away disband, discrepancy, discernment, disparate, disseminate,
discriminate
against, not discredit, disquiet, disconcerting, disinterested, disdain
doc, dox, doct to teach indoctrinate, orthodox, docile, doctrinaire, paradox
domin, domit to dominate dominate, indomitable, domineering, predominant, domain,
dominion
duc to lead, to carry conduction, induce, conduct, ductile, produce
dupl, duo twofold duplicate, duo, duplicity, duplex, dual, duality
e-, ex- out emit, evanescent, extemporaneous, emigrate, exonerate, extol
-en (v) to make harden, frighten, dampen
(adj) made of golden, woolen, wooden
en- cause to be, in endanger, entangle, enrage, envelop
epi- upon, in addition epidemic, epidermis, epicenter, epilogue
equi, equa the same equal, equanimity, equilateral, equilibrium, equivocate
esthe perceive, discern anesthetic, aesthetic, synesthesia, aesthete
eu- good eulogy, euphemism, euphonious, euphoria, eugenics
extra- beyond, outside extraneous, extraterrestrial, estranged, extravagant, extracurricular
fac, fec, fic to make, to do factory, efficacy, facilitate, facile, benefactor, munificent
fer, pher to bear, to carry fertile, infer, deference, coniferous, aquifer, pheromone
152 Mcgraw-hill education: saT
fide faith, trust fidelity, infidel, perfidious, diffident
flu to flow fluid, superfluous, influx, affluent, fluctuate, confluence
fore- before foreshadow, foremost, forewarn, foreground
fort, forc strong force, fortify, forte, enforce, effort, reinforcement
fract, frag broken up fracture, refractory, fractious, refraction, fragile, fragment
fug to flee refugee, fugitive, centrifuge, refuge, subterfuge
-ful (adj) full of suspenseful, tactful, mirthful, wrongful, deceitful
funct, fung to perform function, perfunctory, defunct, dysfunctional, fungible
fus, found to pour effusive, diffuse, profuse, confound, confuse, refuse
gen race, kind homogeneous, progenitor, heterogeneous, indigenous
to create, to be born generate, genetic, disingenuous, progeny, congenital
geo- earth geography, geology, geometry
grad, gress to walk progress, digress, regress, egress
grand great grandeur, grandiose, grandiloquent, aggrandize
graph write, draw, study geography, biography, orthography, cartography, demographics
grat pleasing, thankful gratitude, gratuitous, gratuity, ingrate, ingratiate
greg flock congregation, gregarious, aggregate
her, hes to stick adhesive, adherent, cohesive, inherent, coherent
-hood (n) state of being childhood, statehood, adulthood
hyper over, above hyperactive, hyperbole, hyperventilate, hyperextend
hypo under hyposensitive, hypoglycemic, hypochondria, hypothesis,
hypothalamus
idio unique idiosyncrasy, idiom, idiot
-ify to make solidify, ossify, vilify, fortify, diversify, edify, petrify
imper, emper to command imperial, imperious, empire, imperative
in-, ir-, il-, im- not irrelevant, inert, intractable, insuperable, inscrutable, incongruous
in, into, toward intrude, inundate, infer, incisive, insurgent, impetuous, indoctrinate
inter- between, among international, intervene, interloper, intermittent
intro- into introspective, introduction, introverted
ir anger irritated, irascible, irate, ire
-ism (n) belief, quality of realism, fatalism, pragmatism, polytheism, narcissism
-ist (n) one who is or does pacifist, conformist, narcissist, pragmatist
-ity (n) quality, instance of curiosity, futility, adversity, celebrity, passivity
-ive (adj) quality offensive, obtrusive, corrective, ruminative, evocative, elective
-ize (v) to make polarize, satirize, fraternize, lionize, scrutinize, civilize, sanitize
ject throw eject, conjecture, objective, subjective, reject
jud judge judiciary, judicious, adjudicate, prejudice
jur, jus to give an oath perjury, abjure, conjure
right, law justice, jurisdiction, injury, jurisprudence, injustice
lect, leg, lig to choose select, elect, eclectic, eligible, collect, recollect
leg lawful legal, relegate, delegate, privilege, allege, legacy
-less (adj) without painless, listless, relentless, ruthless, dauntless
lev to raise levitation, alleviate, levity, elevate, relieve
lig to bind ligament, obliging, ligature, obligatory
linqu, lict to abandon relinquish, delinquent, relic, derelict, reliquary
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mal bad, badly malicious, malevolent, malady, malediction, malign, maladjusted,
malodorous
med, mod middle median, medium, modicum, mediocre, mediation
-ment act of, state of being resentment, enticement, discernment, refinement, bereavement
merc payment commerce, mercenary, commercial, mercantilism, merchandise
meta- change, beyond metaphysics, metamorphose, metabolism
mis- wrong mistake, misapprehension, misprint, misfit, mislead
mit, miss to send mission, intermittent, unremitting, submit, emit, permit
moll soft mollusk, mollify, emollient
mono- one monotone, monolith, monotonous, monologue, monopoly
morph shape metamorphosis, amorphous, polymorphic, morphology
multi- many multiply, multinational, multicolor
muni, muner to share community, munificent, immunity, remuneration, commune
mut to change mutation, commute, immutable
nat, nas, nai born prenatal, innate, natural, nascent, renaissance
-ness (n) quality of, state of soreness, callousness, boldness, fondness
noc, nox harmful noxious, innocuous, obnoxious, innocent
nom, nomen, nym name nominate, ignominious, pseudonym, anonymous, nomenclature
non- not nonfiction, nonprofit, nonsense
null, nihil nothing nil, nihilism, annul, annihilate
nunc, nounc to declare announce, denounce, renounce, enunciate, pronounce
omni- all omnivore, omnipresent, omniscient, omnipotent
onus, oner burden onus, exonerate, onerous
ortho right, straight, strict orthodontist, orthodox, orthogonal, orthopedics
-ous (adj) full of gracious, voracious, garrulous, superfluous, gratuitous,
homogeneous
pac, peas peace pacify, appease, pact, pacifist
palp to touch palpate, palpable, palpitate
pan- everything, all panorama, pandemic, pantheon, panoply, panacea
para- beside, distinct from parallel, paradox, paradigm, paralegal, paramedic
path, pass to suffer passion, sympathy, empathy, apathetic, antipathy, dispassionate,
patient
patr father patriarch, patronize, compatriot, patronage
pecc to sin impeccable, peccadillo, peccant
ped child pediatrician, pedagogy, pedantic
ped, pod foot pedestrian, podiatrist, impede, expedite
pel, pul to drive, to force repel, compulsion, impulsive, repulsive, dispel
per- through, throughout permeable, impervious, permit, permeate, pervasive
154 Mcgraw-hill education: saT
peri- around perimeter, peripheral, peripatetic, perihelion
pet to drive impetus, impetuous, perpetuate, petulant
phem, phes way of speaking euphemism, dysphemism, blasphemy, prophesy
pher, phor to carry, to convey euphoria, metaphor, peripheral, semaphore
phila attraction, interest bibliophile, philanthropy, philosophy, hydrophilic
phon voice, sound phonetic, microphone, phonics, symphony, cacophony
phren, fren mind, delirium frenzy, frenetic, phrenology, schizophrenia, frantic
plac to please placate, placid, implacable, complacent
plaud, plaus to clap, show approval applaud, plausible, plaudits, explode
ple to fill complete, complement, deplete, replete, supplement, compliant
plic, ply to fold complicated, complicit, explication, implication
pol city, citizen metropolis, cosmopolitan, policy, politics, police, polite
pond, pend weight, hanging pendant, ponderous, impending, propensity, pendulum, dependent
pos to place position, juxtapose, posit, disposition, appose, oppose
post- after postscript, postdoctoral, posthumous
poten strength, power potent, impotent, despot, potentate, omnipotent, potency
pre- before precede, premonition, precedent, prescience, premeditated,
precocious
prehens to grasp comprehend, apprehensive, reprehensible, prehensile, comprehensive
pro- forward propel, protracted, reciprocate, provocative, prophecy, progeny,
profuse
prodig lavish prodigious, prodigal, prodigy
proper, propr one’s own property, propriety, expropriation, proprietor, appropriate
pug, pugn to fight pugnacious, impugn, pugilist, repugnant
punct, pung point, sharp punctual, punctilious, poignant, punctuation, punctilio
to prick puncture, compunction
puni, peni to punish punish, penitent, punitive, penitentiary, punishment
quies, quiet to rest quiet, quietude, acquiesce, quiescence, disquiet
radic root radical, eradicate, radish
rap, rav, rept to seize enrapt, rapture, surreptitious, rapacious, ravenous, ravage
re- back return, reciprocate, revoke, recluse, refute, renounce
again repaint, reconsider, replenish, resurgence
rect right, straight correct, rectify, direct, rectangle
rud untrained rude, erudite, rudiment, rudimentary
rupt broken rupture, erupt, interrupt, corrupt
sacer, secr to make holy sacred, sacrifice, sacrilege, sacrosanct, consecrate
sanct holy sanctify, sanction, sanctuary, sacrosanct, sanctimonious
sang blood sanguinary, consanguineous, sanguine, sangfroid
sap, sav, sip to taste savory, insipid, savor, sapid
sat full satisfy, saturate, insatiable, sated
scend, scal to climb descend, condescend, scale, ascend, transcend, escalate, echelon
scien to know science, conscience, omniscience, prescient, conscious
scrib, script to write or draw script, circumscribe, prescribe, proscribe, inscription
sed to sit, to settle sediment, sedentary, sedate, assiduous, insidious
semi- half semicircle, semiannual, semiconductor, semi
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-some (adj) causing, tending fearsome, worrisome, bothersome
son sound sonic, dissonance, assonance, consonant, resonate
spect, spic to look inspect, introspective, circumspect, conspicuous, speculation
spir to breathe respiration, aspire, conspire, expire
spers to scatter or sprinkle disperse, aspersion, interspersed
stat, stag, stan to stand, to stay stationary, stagnate, static, constant, apostasy
strait, strict to bind, to confine strict, constrict, stringent, straitened, strangle, restriction, distress
stru, stroy, stry to build construct, construe, destroy, industry, obstruct
sub- under submarine, surreptitious, subjugate, subvert, subdued, somber
sum highest summit, consummate, summa cum laude, summary
super- over, above superior, superlative, superfluous, supercilious, insuperable
surg, surr to rise surge, insurgent, resurrection, resurgence
sym-, syn- together, same synthesize, synchronize, symbiosis, sympathy, idiosyncrasy, synonym
tace, taci to be silent tacit, reticent, taciturn
tang, tact, tag to touch tangible, tangential, tactile, integral, tactful
tele- from a distance teleport, telephone, telekinesis, telecast, telemetry
temper to restrain temperate, temperance, temper, temperature
tempo time tempo, extemporaneous, contemporary, temporary
ten to stretch, to make thin extend, tense, tenuous, attenuate, pretentious
ten, tain to hold retain, tenacious, obtain, retention, untenable, detention
term to end terminate, interminable, indeterminate, exterminate, terminal
terr earth terrestrial, disinter, extraterrestrial, subterranean, terrain
thes, thet, them to construct synthesis, prosthesis, epithet, anathema
-tion, -sion (n) action discussion, incantation, revelation, convention
(n) quality, state discretion, consternation, trepidation
tract to pull tractor, extract, abstract, tractable, protracted, retract, detractor
trans- to a different place transport, transient, transplant, transcribe
across, through transparent, translucent, transcend, transaction
trit rubbed, worn trite, attrition, contrite, detritus
troph nourishment autotroph, atrophy, eutrophic, allotrophic
trunc, trench to cut truncate, trenchant, truncheon, trunks
trus, trud to push intrude, abstruse, extrude, obtrusive, intrusive
turb to disturb disturb, perturb, turbulence
un- not unspoken, unassuming, unfettered, unstinting, unabridged
umbra shade umbrella, somber, adumbrate, umbrage, penumbra
unda, ound wave undulate, inundate, abundance, abound, redundant
under- beneath underground, undernourished, undermine, underestimate
uni- one unified, universe, uniformity, united, unilateral, unanimity
156 Mcgraw-hill education: saT
vad, vas to go evade, pervasive, invade
vag wandering vagrant, vague, vagabond, vagary
val, vail to be strong valid, ambivalent, prevalent, valor
van, vain gone, empty vanish, vain, evanescent
vehe, vect to carry vehicle, vehement, vector, convect
vene, vent to come convention, intervention, conventional, circumvent, prevent
ver true verify, verisimilitude, verities, aver
verb word verbal, verbatim, verbose, proverb, verbiage
vert, vers to turn convert, diversion, diverse, aversion, versatility, adversary, vertex
vid, vis to see invisible, revision, individual, video
vigil awake vigilant, vigil, invigilate, vigilante
vil worthless vile, vilify, reviled
vinc, vanq, vict to conquer victory, vanquish, invincible, convince, conviction, evict
viva, vita to live revive, viable, convivial, vivid, vivacious
voc, vok to call, to give voice to vocal, advocate, revoke, vociferous, provocative, equivocate, evocative
vol (> volvere) to roll revolve, revolution, convoluted, evolve, volume, voluble
(> velle) to wish volunteer, volition, benevolent, malevolent
(> volare) to fly volatile, volley
vor to devour carnivore, omnivore, voracious, herbivore
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The SAT WriTing And
LAnguAge TeST: The
Ten eSSenTiAL ruLeS
1. Don’t Sweat the Small Stuff
159
2. Strengthen the Core
161
3. Organize the Ideas in Your Paragraphs
166
4. Use Parallel Structure
172
5. Use Modifiers Effectively
176
6. Make Your Comparisons Clear and Precise
182
7. Make Sure Your Pronouns Are Clear and Precise
185
8. Make Your Verbs Clear and Precise
192
9. Make the Rest of Your Sentence Clear and Precise
196
10. Know How to Punctuate
207
158 Mcgraw-hill education: SAT