3. Objetivos de la formación cristiana
3.7. Anunciar el Evangelio
8.6.1 Present state of traffic
Eurajoki central village is located along highway 8 between Rauma and Pori. The Olkiluodontie road (connecting road number 2176, Lapijoki–Olkiluoto) leading to Olkiluoto separates from highway 8 at Lapijoki.
The crossing is some seven kilometres from Rauma and some 40 km from Pori. Olkiluoto can also be accessed from Rauma via the Sorkantie road via the Hankkila village to Olkiluodontie. A road goes from Hankkila to Eurajoki via Linnamaa. The roads to Olkiluoto and the average traffic volumes (vehicles per day) metered in 2007 are shown in Figure 8-3.
The traffic volumes in Olkiluoto vary a great deal as a result of major construction projects and maintenance carried out during annual plant outages. Traffic has been livelier than normal in 2007 due to traffic attributable to the OL3 and ONKALO construction sites. The busiest section of the Olkiluodontie road (highway 2176) is the one kilometre long stretch immediately after the junction
of highway 8 towards Olkiluoto. The average daily number of vehicles metered on Olkiluodontie during a two-week period in late August to early September 2007 was 2,850 vehicles per day. The volume of traffic arriving at the power plant site was 2,670 vehicles per day on average (Ramboll Finland Oy 2007a). The volume of heavy vehicle traffic was 203 vehicles per day on average, i.e., some 8 % of the total traffic volume. During weekdays, the traffic volumes were about 25–30 % greater than average.
Most of the traffic is the result of people commuting to work. The total number of people working on the plant site in September 2007 was estimated at 2,600, of which 1,600 were working on the OL3 construction project.
However, the total number of people working on the site is likely to exceed 4,000 in late 2008 – early 2009. In addition, the annual maintenance outages of plant units OL1 and OL2 in May-June will increase the total number of people working in Olkiluoto by an average of 1,200 (Ramboll Finland Oy 2007a).
The amount of traffic metered on the road (12766) leading from Sorkka to Hankkila in August-September 2007 was 910 vehicles per day on average, while that of the road (12771) from Linnamaa to Hankkila and Olkiluodontie was 670 vehicles per day on average (Ramboll Finland Oy 2007a). In 2006, an average of 10,015 vehicles per day used highway 8 between Rauma and Eurajoki (Road Administration 2007).
Figure 8-3 Roads to Olkiluoto, and the traffic volumes (vehicles per day) metered in August-September 2007 (Ramboll Finland Oy 2007a).
Envir onmental Impact Assessment
number of ships per year.
A six metre passage leads from the west to the Tankokari industrial harbour on the northern side of the Olkiluoto island, north of the Kalla island. The harbour serves both exports and imports and is only operational when the sea is open. Approximately 90 to 100 ships call at the harbour each year.
Other traffic in the waters close to the power plant site mainly constitutes boating associated with recreational use and fishing. Ships with a maximum draught of nine metres can utilise the harbour at the Port of Rauma.
There are also good connections to the harbours in Pori and Turku.
The nearest airport is in Pori, 31.5 km north-east from the power plant. In 2006, a total of 64,387 passengers travelled through the airport. The nearest flight route travels some 10 km away from the power plant.
The amount of different goods deliveries and maintenance-related transport will also increase during the construction phase.
The soil and rock material generated during the land building work will be utilised, as far as possible, as building material for embankments and roads. The rest will be deposited to a dumping site in Olkiluoto. This will reduce the amount of transportation during the construction phase.
During the construction phase, transportation increases the traffic volumes by an average of 100 vehicles per day. This means some 50 round trips per day. In particular, the amount of heavy vehicles will increase.
8.6.3 Commuter traffic during the construction phase The construction site of OL4 is estimated to employ 1,000–3,500 persons. Some of them will stay in the
Figure 8-4 Roads leading to Olkiluoto and their surroundings.
Type of emission tonnes/a 1) Zero option 2) Construction of OL4,
maximum situation 3) Total emissions of traffic in Rauma and Eurajoki in 2006
Sulphur dioxide, SO2 0.1 0.3 0.5
Nitrogen oxides, NOX 17 79 340
Particles, PM 0.6 2 18
Carbon monoxide, CO 76 244 1,432
Carbon dioxide, CO2 2,236 9,359 80,700
Table 8-3 Emissions of Olkiluoto traffic (tonnes/annum) as well as the total emissions of traffic in the Rauma and Eurajoki region (tonnes/annum) in 2006.
1) The roads: Highway No. 8 (Rauma–Eurajoki), Highway No. 2176 to Olkiluoto, the roads: Hankkila - Sorkka - Rauma and Hankkila - Linnamaa – Eurajoki
2) OL1, OL2 and OL3 in operation, disposal facility completed
3) OL1, OL2 and OL3 in operation, OL4 under construction, disposal facility under construction, annual maintenance outage in progress
Olkiluoto accommodation village. The employees travelling from Eurajoki, Rauma and other nearby municipalities commute to Olkiluoto either by car or by bus.
Olkiluoto has good public transport connections.
Approximately half of the people working in Olkiluoto commute by bus. There are currently 11 scheduled buses from Rauma and 6 buses from Eurajoki to Olkiluoto on weekdays. In addition to these, a few school buses travel via Olkiluoto. Extra buses are also added during the annual maintenance outages.
There are two accommodation villages in the immediate vicinity of the nuclear power area where a total of some 1,000 workers are currently staying. In particular, the workers staying in the old accommodation village (some 400 persons) are primarily using light vehicles for
8.6.4 The impact of transportation and other traffic In a zero option situation where both OL3 and the final repository have been completed, the traffic volume on the Olkiluodontie is estimated at 1,600 vehicles per day, increasing to about 3,900 vehicles per day during the annual maintenance outages.
In 2015, OL3 will have commenced its operations and the construction work for OL4 is expected to be in progress. The ONKALO survey phase will have ended and the final repository will be under construction. The 8-2.There are a few houses and the Lapijoki School by the first section of Olkiluodontie near the junction of highway 8. There is also plenty of heavy vehicle traffic on have been taken in order to manage the impact of transportation and traffic with regard to road safety and
The road from Rauma to Olkiluoto is winding and narrow and has quite a few hills. There are houses and the Sorkka School by the road. The light traffic lane on the Sorkka highway road from Rauma ends at the Haapasaarentie crossing.
The road from Hankkila to Eurajoki via Linnamaa is narrow. There are mainly fields and forests by the roadside, but also some houses.
The volume of traffic on Olkiluodontie during the construction phase of OL4 is estimated at about 4,300 vehicles per day, of which the share of heavy vehicle traffic
Current situation, in 2007 1) Zero option 2) Construction of OL4, in 2015 3)
Total traffic to the plant area 2,600 1,600 4,300
Total traffic to the plant area during
annual outages 4,800 3,900 6,600
Table 8-2 Traffic volumes on the Olkiluodontie (highway 2176) at the power plant’s approach in the current situation, zero option and construction phase of OL4.
1) Current situation with OL1 and OL2 in operation, OL3 and ONKALO under construction
2) OL1, OL2 and OL3 in operation, final repository completed
3) OL1, OL2 and OL3 in operation, OL4 under construction, final repository under construction
0
Envir onmental Impact Assessment
is expected to be about 5 %, or 200 heavy vehicles per day.
The traffic will also increase during the construction phase on highway no. 8 and the roads leading to Olkiluoto from Rauma and Eurajoki compared with the initial situation, but the difference compared with the 2007 situation is small.
During the annual maintenance outages coinciding with the construction work of OL4, the traffic volumes on the Olkiluodontie will be about 6,600 vehicles per day.
The increasing traffic volumes will increase the risk of accidents. Travelling by foot or by bicycle will become more difficult, as will crossing the road. The detrimental effects of noise, dust and vibration experienced by the roadside houses will also increase. In particular at the time of shift changes in the afternoon, there is plenty of traffic in both directions on the roads leading to Olkiluoto.
Traffic emissions
The road traffic emissions during the construction phase of OL4 were calculated for the following road sections:
Olkiluodontie, Rauma–Olkiluoto, Eurajoki–Olkiluoto and highway no. 8 (between Rauma and Eurajoki), taking into account the division of traffic between each section.
The emissions were calculated using the average unit emission factors for cars and heavy vehicles (VTT). The emission figures, as well as the total emissions of traffic in Rauma and Eurajoki in 2006, are shown in Table 8-3.
The emissions caused by the traffic to and from the Olkiluoto power plant site during the construction phase of OL4 have some impact on the traffic emission figures of the Rauma and Eurajoki region. The traffic to and from the Olkiluoto power plant site during the construction phase of OL4 accounts for about 23 % of the total emissions of nitrogen oxides from the traffic in the Rauma and Eurajoki region. The most intense phase of the construction work lasts for about one year. During other years of construction, there will be about 20–30 % less traffic and emissions, therefore accounting for about 10–30 % of the total emissions in the Rauma and Eurajoki region.
Although there will be more sea transport during the construction phase, the impact on traffic emissions will be minor.
8.7 Impacts on people and living conditions