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PROCESS QUESTIONS:

1. Describe briefly the development of Indian Literature.

2. Explain the role played by religion in Indian literature.

3. Differentiate Ramayana from Mahabharata as to the theme.

4. How do several languages affect the development of Indian literature?

5. How was English accepted as literary medium?

You got additional information about India. Do you find it easy to answer the comprehension questions? If you didn‘t, let me give you more input on how to do it. This is by skimming of the article.

In the course of time, you will be asked to do research work in one of your subjects. Skimming is one skill which can help you get a quick overview of the material you are reading. To skim is to get the gist or the general understanding of a reading material.

How do you do it? Here are the key points.

Skimming for Major Ideas

To skim effectively, let your eyes move quickly over the reading material. The titles, subtitles and illustrations will give you clues about the content of the material. If there are no subtitles and illustrations, do the following:

1. Read carefully the topic sentence in the first paragraph, and then skip rapidly to the next paragraph. In this way, you can get all your facts without having to spend too much time on the reading matter.

2. If the reading material does not have explicit topic sentences, glance down the pages.

Pick out sentences at random or select nouns and verbs which give you the trend of the material. Exercise keen judgment as you search for the catchwords.

3. Read sentences or parts of sentences at random throughout the article. This will help you grasp the idea of the author as quickly as possible.

Activity 5: READ QUICKLY

Practice one of the methods of skimming. Browse again the article about the characteristics of Indian Literature and identify the topic sentence for each paragraph.

What is being discussed in each paragraph?

Paragraph 1:

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Paragraph 2:

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Paragraph 3:

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Paragraph 4:

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Paragraph 5:

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Paragraph 6:

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As a grade 8 student, you will often come across a material that is difficult to remember. Thus there is a need for you to outline your reading material.

Reducing complex material to its outline form will make you understand the material fast and easy.

How do you prepare a reading outline?

Keep these points in mind:

1. Read the material and determine its purpose and structure.

2. Pick out the writer‘s thesis statement or controlling principle; if it is not explicitly stated, express it in your own words.

3. Look for the major divisions and label each with a Roman numeral.

83

4. Divide each major division into subdivisions.

5. Check whether the divisions and subdivisions relate to the thesis statement or the purpose of the writer.

6. Compare your outline with the original material to check against any misinterpretation or distortion of the content and structure of the original.

Remember that there are two kinds of outline: the topic outline, in which the entries are given in words or phrases, and the sentence outline, in which the entries are complete sentences.

Now, try to convert the selection you have just read to an outline. You can use three-step word, phrasal or sentence outlines to organize your ideas.

Activity 6: OUTLINING

Directions: Fill out this outline of the development of Indian literature and give the characteristics of each period.

Stages of Development

I. Oral Literature

A. ____________________

B. ____________________

1. ______________

2. ______________

C. ____________________

D. ____________________

1. Ramayana 2. Mahabharata

II. Beginnings of Sanskrit Grammar A. ____________________

B. ____________________

III. Modern Indian Literature

Characteristics I. Sacred/ holy texts

The world is getting smaller but not in size. We know what is happening in other Afro-Asian countries by reading newspapers. This will also help us understand their traditions and values.

Newspapers give us information about what is happening in a country or in the world every day. It is said that people need news, as much as they need eyes in order to see what‘s going on.

It is important for you, as students to develop skills in getting information from newspapers.

Most newspapers have several sections: News page, sports page, classified advertisements, comics/cartoons, editorial, columns, and obituary.

Activity 7: GETTING INFORMATION FROM NEWSPAPERS

1. Form a group of five members and examine the parts of a newspaper.

Note its different sections.

2. Collect items belonging to every section. Display them around the room.

3. Note how many sections talk about the following:

a. local news b. national news c. international news PROCESS QUESTIONS:

1. Where do international news items come from?

2. What do international news items talk about?

3. Are these news items mostly good or bad?

4. What are the local news items mostly about?

So, have you gathered data about other Afro-Asian countries from the newspapers?

Let me give you another input about India. This time, you will watch a video clip of the Kids Animation Epics containing the full episode of the Ramayana.

Activity 8: WATCH AND WORK

Directions: Watch the video clip and observe keenly. Be ready to do the following group tasks below. You will be graded based from your preparation, visual aids, speaking and audience contact, overall understanding of the topic and teaching value for other students.

http://www.bollydb.in/playvideo-k3lPGfvF2Bk.html Group 1: Arrange the given events to get the summary of the Ramayana Group 2: Accomplish the Actitude Analysis

Group 3: Identify the conflict in The Ramayana Group 4: Identify the theme of Ramayana

Group 5: Write a script of Ramayana and read it dramatically RUBRIC FOR DIFFERENTIATED TASK

Group no. ___________ Task: ____________________________________

1 2 3 4 TOTAL

85

Differentiated Learning Rubric by Maxine – www.atozteacherstuff.com http://atozteacherstuff.com/pdf.htm?rubric_differentiated.pdf