Backend y Base de datos

procedures for the construction phase of each component of the Camisea Project. These plans were initially developed as part of the EIA approval process, and have been subsequently modified and enhanced to reflect detailed field procedures used by contractors, results during the implementation of the plans and procedures during construction (e.g., feedback from performance and supervision of construction), and recommendations and suggestions provided by the IDB (as part of its due-diligence), local communities and organizations, and local and international non-governmental organizations. Compliance with these plans is required for all contractors and sub-contractors and is being monitored by the companies themselves, company independent monitors, community monitors, GOP monitors, and IDB environmental and social monitors (see Section 6.4 for details).

6.17 A summary description of the construction phase environmental, social and health and safety plans for the Upstream, Downstream, and Distribution Components is presented in sub- sections 6.2.1, 6.2.2 and 6.2.3, respectively. Within each sub-section, the summary is divided into: managing environmental issues, managing social issues, managing health and safety issues, and managing contingencies.

6.2.1 Upstream Component

6.18 The summaries of plans and procedures for managing environmental, social, and health and safety and contingency issues with the construction of the Upstream Component are divided into: (i) gas wells and associated facilities, which includes the seismic activities, wells, flow- lines, and gas processing plant at Las Malvinas, and (ii) the fractionation plant and marine terminal. The relevant plans and procedures for the gas wells and associated facilities have been finalized and are being implemented. The conceptual design and principles for the plans and procedures for the construction of the fractionation plant and marine terminal have been identified as part of the EIA and associated studies/documents, and are being finalized based upon the results of the supplemental studies and information requested by the GOP as part of its consideration of the EIA.

Managing Environmental Issues Gas Wells and Associated Facilities

6.19 The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for the gas field and associated facilities contains a section on prevention and mitigation measures that are common to all the Upstream sub-components (seismic, well construction and operation, gas processing plant in Las Malvinas, and flowlines), and specific prevention and mitigation measures particular to each sub-component.

6.20 The environmental prevention and mitigation measures that are common to all Upstream sub- components are related to: training and management of personnel; general guidelines for the maintenance of access roads, clearing and leveling of the ground, construction of platforms and plateaus, and sites for installation of equipment; plans to manage solid wastes and oily residues; general erosion control measures; management, transportation, and storage of fuels and lubricants; management of wastewaters and liquid effluents; plans to preserve archeological remains; specifications for decommissioning activities; revegetation plans; occupational health and safety procedures: prevention, control and contention of spills; and emergency response and training. The more relevant components of the EMP are summarized below.

6.21 Protection of Biodiversity: General and specific guidelines have been developed to mitigate and minimize impacts on biodiversity and sensitive species. Examples of preventive measures include: (i) wherever possible, unloading zones, temporary camps, and helipads were located in areas previously cleared, on riverbanks or natural clearings in the forest; (ii) the maximum size of helipads is 60 by 40 meters in areas already affected; (iii) the maximum cleared area for advance camps (along the helipads) are 10 by 10 meters, and where helicopters are not required to land in the future, the drilling equipment has been dropped by air (e.g. seismic lines); (iv) only temporary camps were used for seismic crews and are still in use for construction workers; (v) temporary construction camps should not be located in sensitive

areas such as native communities or areas critical for local fauna (nesting grounds and breeding areas) and these campsites will be dismantled and reclaimed; and (vi) plants and animals not native to the ecosystem surrounding the camps will not be introduced and the capture or removal of forest animals and plants is prohibited.

6.22 Biodiversity Monitoring: In order to monitor potential long-term changes and effects on biodiversity, a biodiversity monitoring program was initiated in March 2001 (see Section 6.4 for details).

6.23 Re-vegetation Program: This program includes the restoration or recovery of disturbed areas needing reforestation or vegetation regeneration practices. The species selected for re- vegetation are native plants existing in the area (e.g., selected seeds from the forests of Block 88).

6.24 Erosion Control: Erosion control measures were (and will be) implemented where land has been cleared of vegetation, such as in the San Martín 1 platform, and the ROWs for the flowlines between Las Malvinas camp and San Martín 1. An Erosion Control Management Plan has been developed and includes the management of the crushed stone quarries. Temporary and permanent erosion and sediment control measures include: installation of silt fence and straw bale barriers, slope breakers and runoff diversion channels (temporary and permanent), and drainage control structures (such as siphons, sump pump and channel/river diversion); excavation of retention/detention basins; preservation of vegetative buffer strips (minimum 5 meters width) at crossing areas; slope stabilization; and revegetation. Erosion control measures include immediate revegetation of areas when construction is completed. As part of the revegetation program, Pluspetrol has provided the native communities with the required training and material (e.g., seeds, pots, shovels) that allowed them to develop the plant nursery and sell the seedlings to Pluspetrol.

6.25 During clearing and grading, the EMP includes requirements such as: adherence to right-of- way boundaries and restricting activities to the approved workspaces; use of felled trees and logs to help stabilize the right-of-way (corduroy mats, cribbing, bridges); excess logs are cut and stockpiled for landowner use, while excess brush and branches are chipped or buried onsite; topsoil is striped and stockpiled; and appropriate erosion control and stabilization measures are installed where required.

6.26 Water body crossings are done during periods of low flow (or no flow), providing sufficient workspace to prepare the pipe and stockpile trench spoils, and initiating trenching only when the crossing line is ready to be installed. Similarly, complex crossing procedures that create longer in-stream disturbances are avoided.

6.27 Surface Water Contamination: The handling of chemicals and fuels are managed to avoid spills or accident that could endanger the quality of the waters. Fuel storage follows international requirements of contention basins, surface drainage and distance from surface waters. Specific procedures are also in place for loading and unloading of fuels from barges to the sites. These procedures include the presence of specially trained teams to contain any accidental spills. These procedures were reviewed and modified based upon two fuel spills in May and September in 2002. A few small spills in the campsites occurred that have been promptly mitigated and cleaned up, with no irreversible damages reported. One accident involving a barge loaded with 4,500 gallons of jet-fuel has been reported in the Urubamba

River, in September 2002. The barge on the way from Nuevo Mundo to La Peruanita base ended up on the shore of the Urubamba River. The Contingency Plan was implemented and the vast majority of the fuel was recovered by means of pumping it from the barge to fuel containers and then removing them to a safe area; approximately 118 gallons of fuel reached the river and were not recovered. Given the speed and flow of the river in the location, the estimated and observed impacts were stated to be negligible.

6.28 Drilling Muds and Waters: The drilling fluids being used for the Camisea Project are a water base drilling muds, such that all waste are easily treated and disposed. Chemicals used for mud preparation are non-toxic. The well pads are designed based on a minimal discharge process, with an objective to minimize water usage and solid and liquid discharges from the site into the environment. The drilling fluids treatment process consists of the following: (i) waste minimization through solids control system; (ii) reutilization and dewatering of excess drilling mud; and (iii) cuttings collection and bagging system.

6.29 The solids control system efficiently removes most drilled solids from the drilling mud as the well is drilled. This results in less dilution and less waste to dispose. The main reason to remove drilled solids from the system is to prevent drilling problems and reduce mud and environmental control cost. Excess mud from the active system is stored in metal tanks for as much reuse as is possible. Mud that cannot be reused is sent to the de-watering system, which separates the solids and water. The solids phase is disposed of with the rest of the drilled solids and the water used as dilution or to prepare new mud. The cuttings are transported by the auger system to the bagging area. Cuttings are put into biodegradable bags. Parts of them are used on slope maintenance activities for erosion control around the location. Material that is not longer required for erosion control is placed orderly in a specific designated area where final biodegradation will take place.

6.30 The feasibility of re-injecting drill cuttings was assessed, and cuttings will not be re-injected due to unsuitable subsurface geological conditions, well construction and formation properties. 6.31 The fluids produced from the drilling process are handled as follows: runoff includes water

from inner and outer ditch collection system; the inner ditch system around the drilling rig collects rainwater and wash water in the rig area. This water goes through an oil skimmer and is sent to the Australian21 tanks for treatment; the outer ditch system is constructed around the perimeter of the matted location area and transports any liquids between the inner and outer ditches to an oil skimmer; this water can be diverted to the water treatment system if necessary; and the water discharge system provides lines to several discharge points to be able to discharge treated water, complying with the Camisea water discharge standards (see Section 3).

6.32 Reclamation/Closure: In general, reclamation will involve the collection and removal of construction waste (cleanup), grading to restore original or engineered land contours (restoration), and seeding and planting of native vegetation to stabilize the restored right-of- way and other work areas (revegetation). Besides returning the land to its original use and function, the primary focus of reclamation will be to permanently stabilize disturbed soils to prevent future erosion and sediment transport. The reclamation plan features the following

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typical performance-based measures: replace and compact hill cuts; restore salvaged topsoil; restore drainage patterns; install permanent slope breakers and other drainage control measures; install geotextile materials and/or engineered stabilization structures; revegetate with species adapted to the project area; and monitoring and maintenance after reclamation is completed.

6.33 Fluvial and Aerial Transportation: Pluspetrol and TGP have implemented an integrated fluvial transportation program for the transportation of materials along the Urubamba River from Maldonadillo (extreme point north) to Las Malvinas (extreme point south). The Fluvial Transport Code establishes the routes and time in which barges navigate and regulations for operations and safety measures to protect local population. It includes among other requirements: (i) that all barges are escorted throughout the route between Maldonadillo and Las Malvinas, by smaller boats that carry a siren to clearly advise of the incoming convoy; (ii) transportation along the Urubamba river is limited from 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM; (iii) all barge crews are vaccinated against the most common diseases in the area including Yellow fever, Influenza, Hepatitis A and B, Rabies, Poliomyelitis, Diphtheria,; (iv) all barges are fumigated on a monthly basis and carry the fumigation certificate; (v) fuel transport barges carry the appropriate spill containment equipment (oil barriers and recover materials); (vi) barges' speed is controlled, particularly when navigating through populated centers of native communities and settlers’ dwellings located on the bank of the Bajo Urubamba river; speed reduction also allows for noise reduction, thus minimizing impacts on human population and fauna; (vii) an appropriate waste collection system is implemented by the barge crew; and (viii) all barge crews are trained in emergency response. In addition, all barge crews must comply with the workers Code of Conduct with respect to the protection of the biodiversity, relations with the communities and alcohol restrictions.

6.34 As part of the fluvial transportation program, the supervision system includes independent, radio-interconnected river control checkpoints along the Urubamba River and the generation of daily reports with the location of all barges and water depths, which are sent to Lima and to Las Malvinas. To ensure its implementation, each checkpoint is responsible for a portion of 30 km of river to patrol. Each post has a speedboat, a radio transmitter and a five-member crew, and their duty is to ensure that transport barges and minor vessels comply with the rules, specially concerning, maximum speed, prohibition of contact with native communities, prohibition of hunting fishing or gathering fauna or flora, availability of spill prevention and control equipment like pumps and river booms, etc.

6.35 In August 2002 the Fluvial Transport Code was reviewed and enhanced with the collaboration of the Kirigueti community in response to the drowning of a young indigenous girl from that community, allegedly as a result of excessive speed by a boat associated with the Upstream Component. The enhancements made in August 2002 include: (i) two additional control point between the Peruanita base and the Kirigueti point (thus totaling nine radio-interconnected control/check points); (ii) control points in 37 communities, with the participation of locals from all communities; (iii) additional warning buoys upstream and downstream of each community; (iv) review of boat's identification numbers and names, as to make them easily identified from shore by the communities along the river; and (v) hired a River Transportation Supervision Company (T&S Cambero), with a team of four people in each of the river control posts. The Supervision Company reinforced Pluspetrol procedures, particularly regarding speed control, no mooring across populated areas; no contact with local communities; no traffic during night hours. In addition, Pluspetrol compensated the affected family.

Fractionation Plant and Marine Terminal

6.36 The proposed environmental procedures for the fractionation plant are described in the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) of the EIA. The measures proposed are general good practices outlined for construction works of this magnitude and type, and include: (i) environmental, health and safety training of personnel; (ii) general vehicle traffic guidelines; (iii) erosion control on earthworks and leveling; (iv) equipments and structures; (v) management of solid, liquids and hazardous wastes; (vi) management, transportation and storage of fuels and lubricants; (vii) noise control; (viii) air emissions control; and (ix) potable water management.

6.37 For the marine terminal, and in particular the dredging of sediments and undersea pipeline installation, the complete proposed environmental procedures are being finalized based upon the recently completed marine surveys (water quality, flora and fauna, and mathematical modeling of sediment planned due to proposed dredging).

6.38 In addition, to comply with a condition established in the Environmental Permit issued for the fractionation plant and IDB recommendations, Pluspetrol is developing complementary measures to address potential negative and cumulative impacts in the urban and regional development of the Paracas Bay area, such as studies to support the waste management and wastewater treatment, environmental education programs, and a Master Plan for the Paracas National Reserve.

Managing Social Issues

Gas Wells and Associated Facilities

6.39 The Community Relations Plan is the principal plan for managing social issues for the gas wells and associated facilities. This plan is based on the results of the social impact assessment (part of EIA) and the observations, suggestions and recommendations of the affected people expressed during the EIA consultation. Other actions and measures taken to mitigate social issues include: (i) second reduction to the seismic area in early 2002 in order to minimize potential impacts to indigenous persons not desiring contact within the Nahua- Kugapakori reserve; (ii) the temporary suspension/reduction in May 2003 of works in the Nahua-Kugapakori reserve (suspension of flowline work from SM-1 to SM-3 and reduction of works at SM-3), while at the request of IDB and other stakeholders an independent rapid social assessment and review of Pluspetrol's protocol was performed by two independent anthropologists hired by GOP under the IDB Institutional Strengthening public sector loan; (iiii) August and November 2002 reinforced training of contractors and subcontractors working in Block 88 in relation to Pluspetrol’s policy and procedures associated with indigenous people not desiring contact; and (iv) measures being developed and implemented by GOP, as part of the IDB Institutional Strengthening public sector loan (see Section 6.6 for details).

6.40 The Community Relations Plan contains a series of programs to address specific social objectives, including: prevention against loss of forest cover and its resources (from which the local communities subsist); prevention against possible contamination of rivers and watersheds, which are a source of potable water to the local communities; control against fishing because of increased fluvial traffic; prevention against the introduction and spread of infectious diseases to local inhabitants; generation of employment; and prevention against loss

or change in the cultural integrity of the local communities living in the area of influence of the Upstream Component. The Community Relations Plan includes the following programs (with the primary programs described below): Contractual Agreements Program, Compensation and Indemnification Program, Social Contingency Program for Dealing with Isolated Communities, Program for Hiring Local Workforce and Workers' Code of Conduct, Personnel Training Program, Consultation and Communication Program for the EIA, Supervision and Control Program (Monitoring), and Management and Conflict Resolution Program.

6.41 Contractual Agreements Program: This program defines the principles and approach to negotiation with affected communities, focusing on the definition of each parties obligations, the establishment of temporary contracts, and the elaboration of signed agreements. The program incorporates a series of principles such as: (i) negotiations are carried with the community as a whole and before the Communal Assembly; (ii) each negotiation takes into account the characteristics of community organization, as well as its location and the specific impacts of the project; (iii) compensations must benefit the entire community; (iv) materials and goods delivered to the community as part of the compensation should not create dependability in the medium to long-term; (v) compensations should be oriented towards improving education, health, productive activities, and community's organizations; and (vi) the agreements must be adopted in Community Assemblies, with the presence of 2/3 of community members as a minimum, and must be legally notarized.

6.42 Compensation and Indemnification Program: This program involves the compensation to communities for use of land for project facilities and other potential impacts. The program is based upon common criteria, definition of areas of action (health, education, communications, productive activities, indigenous women, indigenous organizations, and regional development), and a formalized process.

6.43 Pluspetrol has signed agreements with all the applicable native communities with regards to compensation for both the permanent and the temporary use of land/property, use of forest, transit, pipeline right-of-way, and for the direct and indirect impacts caused as a result of