Bedau o la dimensión valorativa de la teoría de las funciones

Mark 16:9-20

Acts 8:37

Revelation 11:17*

* no quotes from the ancient fathers available

“And, behold, one came and said unto him, Good Master, what good thing shall I do, that I may have eternal life? And he said unto him, Why callest thou me good? There is none good but one, that is, God: but if thou wilt enter into life, keep the commandments.” Matthew 19:16-17

Hippolytus, AD 220

Refutation of All Heresies 5.32 – He says that this one alone is good, and that what is spoken by the Saviour is declared concerning this one: “Why do you say that am good? One is good, my Father which is in the heavens.”

Origen, AD 240

Against Celsus 5.11 – Our Lord and Saviour, hearing Himself on one occasion addressed as “Good Master,” referring him who used it to His own Father, said, “Why callest thou Me good? There is none good but one, that is, God the Father.”

Matthew 20:16

“So the last shall be first, and the first last: for many be called, but few chosen.” Matthew 20:16 Irenaeus, AD 177

Against Heresies 4.27.4 – God showed Himself not well pleased in many instances towards those who sinned, so also in the latter, “many are called, but few are chosen.”

Matthew 27:35

“And they crucified him, and parted his garments, casting lots: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, They parted my garments among them, and upon my vesture did they cast lots.” Matthew 27:35

Tertullian, AD 190

Jews 10 – “Upon my vesture they did cast (the) lot” just as the other [outrages] which you were to commit on Him were foretold, – all which He, actually and thoroughly suffering, suffered not for any evil action of His own, but “that the Scriptures from the mouth of the prophets might be fulfilled.”

Mark 1:1

“The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God” Mark 1:1 Irenaeus, AD 177

Against Heresies 3.16.3 – Wherefore Mark also says: “The beginning of the Gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God; as it is written in the prophets.”

Mark 2:17

“When Jesus heard [it], he saith unto them, They that are whole have no need of the physician, but they that are sick: I came not to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.”

Barnabas, AD 100

Epistle of Barnabas 5:13 – When He chose His twelve apostles to preach His Gospel, they were sinners above all, showing He came “not to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.”

Mark 9:29

“And he said unto them, This kind can come forth by nothing, but by prayer and fasting.” Mark 9:29

Origen, AD 240

Commentary on Matthew 13.7 – But let us also attend to this, “This kind goeth not out save by prayer and fasting.”

Clement of Rome, AD 90

Epistle on Virginity 1.12 – ...according to the teaching of our Lord, who hath said: “This kind goeth not out but by fasting and prayer.”

Mark 16:9-20

“So then after the Lord had spoken unto them, he was received up into heaven, and sat on the right hand of God.” Mark 16:19

Irenaeus, AD 170

Against Heresies 3.10 – Also, towards the conclusion of his Gospel, Mark says: “So then, after the Lord Jesus had spoken to them, He was received up into heaven, and sitteth on the right hand of God.”

“And these signs shall follow them that believe; In my name shall they cast out devils; they shall speak with new tongues; They shall take up serpents; and if they drink any deadly thing, it shall not hurt them; they shall lay hands on the sick, and they shall recover.” Mark 16:17-18

Apostolic Constitutions

8.1 – With good reason did He say to all of us together, when we were perfected concerning those gifts which were given from Him by the Spirit: “Now these signs shall follow them that have believed in my name: they shall cast out devils; they shall speak with new tongues; they shall take up serpents; and if they drink any deadly thing, it shall by no means hurt them: they shall lay their hands on the sick, and they shall recover.”

Luke 4:18

“The Spirit of the Lord [is] upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor;

he hath sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised” Luke 4:18

Peter of Alexandria, AD 260

Canonical Epistle 2 – The Spirit of the Lord [is] upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach

the gospel to the poor; he hath sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised...

John 7:53-8:11

John 7:53-8:11 is the passage recording Jesus’ teaching about the woman caught in adultery. In De Adult. Conj., ii. 6, 7, Augustine stated that this passage was cut out of one manuscript on the orders of a certain king. The king believed that certain people might try to use this passage to indulge in adultery.

Acts 8:37

“And Philip said, If thou believest with all thine heart, thou mayest. And he answered and said, I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God.” Acts 8:37

Irenaeus, AD 170

Against Heresies 3.12.8 – [Philip declared] that this was Jesus, and that the Scripture was fulfilled in Him; as did also the believing eunuch himself: and, immediately requesting to be baptized, he said, “I believe Jesus Christ to be the Son of God.”

Acts 9:5-6

“And he said, Who art thou, Lord? And the Lord said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest: [it is]

hard for thee to kick against the pricks. And he trembling and astonished said, Lord, what wilt thou have me to do? And the Lord [said] unto him, Arise, and go into the city, and it shall be told thee what thou must do.” Acts 9:5-6

Apostolic Constitutions

8.5 – ...the subordinate persons should tyrannically assume to themselves the functions belonging to their superiors, forming a new scheme of laws to their own mischief, not knowing that “it is hard for them to kick against the pricks.”

Romans 14:9

“For to this end Christ both died, and rose, and revived, that he might be Lord both of the dead and living.” Romans 14:9

Origen, AD 240

Against Celsus 2.65 – I think, moreover, that the following statement regarding Him has an apologetic value in reference to our subject, “For to this end Christ died, and rose again, that He might be Lord both of the “dead and living.”

1 John 5:7-8

“For there are three that bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost: and these three are one. And there are three that bear witness in earth, the Spirit, and the water, and the blood: and these three agree in one.” 1 John 5:7-8

Cyprian, AD 250

Unity 1.6 – The Lord says, "I and the Father are one;” and again it is written of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, “And these three are one.”

۩

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Text of Scripture

In the chapter on New Testament Books, we saw from the Muratorian Canon Fragment that everyone accepted the “Revelation of John;” but there was strong opposition to the Revelation of Peter, because it contained Gnostic ideas and seemed to contradict other Scripture. The Shepherd of Hermas was written in the mid second century AD and was therefore not Scripture. There were fake epistles of Paul to Alexandria and to Laodicea. All of the Gnostic books were rejected.

Any Bible/Codex or manuscript that contains the Revelation of Peter, Shepard of Hermas, Alexandrians, the forged version of Laodiceans, the New Book of Psalms, The New Prophecy, or anything from the Gnostics Arsenus, Valentinus, Miltiadees, Marcion, Basilides, and the Asian Cataphrigians, should be considered suspect.

^Contains

^Sinaiticus

Epistle of Barnabas, Shepherd of Hermas.

Vaticanus

Is missing Hebrews to Revelation

Washingtinus

Long Ending of the Gospel of Mark (See next section for details.)

Alexandrius

1 Clement, 2 Clement

Ephraemi

An addition to Matthew

Claromontanus

The Acts of Paul

Many of these manuscripts are available at Biblefacts.org

The chart above shows that the “most ancient manuscripts” often mentioned in study Bibles have included extra-biblical books in their canons. Some are from the church fathers, while others are known to be the writings of the Gnostic heretics. In either case we must ask why the scribes that put these together did not know something so simple as the number of New Testament books. Why did they add