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Summary table of main requirements of OHSAS 18001 OHSAS 18001

Occupational Health Occupational Health and Safety Policy and Safety Policy

To be appropriate, to contain a commitment to prevention of injury and ill-health, continual improvement and legal compliance. To set a framework for setting objectives, to be documented,

implemented, maintained, communicated to all persons and parties and to be reviewed.

Planning

Planning Risk assessment and controls – to be carried out according to amethod defined and documented by the organisation. The standard gives a control hierarchy of elimination, substitution, engineering controls, signage/warning and administrative controls, PPE

Compliance with legal requirements

Programmes for setting measurable objectives Implementation and

Implementation and Operation

Operation

Provision of resources

Defining roles, responsibility, accountability and authority – including the appointment of a member of ‘top management’ with specific responsibility for OH&S

Ensuring competence, provision of training and ensuring awareness

Communication – including internal communication with employees, contractors, visitors and external interested parties Participation and consultation – including involvement in hazard identification and risk assessments, employee representation on OH&S matters

Documentation and control of documents

Operational control – including written procedures, procurement and systems for control of contractors

Emergency preparedness and response – including procedures for testing

Checking and Checking and Corrective Action Corrective Action

Performance measurement and monitoring – including quantitative and qualitative measures, proactive and reactive measures.

Evaluation of compliance

Incident investigation – timely, communicated, and identifying needs for corrective action

Nonconformity, corrective and preventive action – in reference to nonconformity with the standard

Control of records – legible, identifiable and traceable Internal audits – feedback to management Management Review

Management Review At planned intervals to ensure suitability, adequacy and effectiveness.

Inputs to reviews to include results of consultation, results of audits, OH&S performance results and the extent to which objectives have been met

Outputs include actions related to policy, objectives and performance.

BSC International Diploma – Element 1A | Fundamentals of Health and Safety Management

Continual Continual Improvement Improvement

The process of enhancing the OH&S management system, to achieve improvements in overall OH&S performances, in line with the OH&S policy.

It is not necessary for the process to take place in all areas simultaneously.

Note that this element contains no ‘dedicated’ clauses in the standard but is met through requirements within the other elements e.g. 4.3.3. Objectives and Programmes (in Planning element) to be set according to policy, to meet legal requirements and the commitment to continual improvement.

BSC International Diploma – Element 1A | Fundamentals of Health and Safety Management

HSG65

As discussed previously, the health and safety management system described in HSE’s Successful Health and Safety Management (HSG65) describes a commonly used model for managing health and safety in an organisation. Although HSE has moved away from this model now, it is still in place at many workplaces. For this reason there is a brief summary here. An outline of the model is given in the diagram below:

Elements of Successful Health and Safety Management Based on the Approach in Elements of Successful Health and Safety Management Based on the Approach in

HSG65 HSG65

A summary of the content within each element is summarised in the following table:

Policy

Policy Key messages - policies contribute to business performance by:

• supporting human resource development

• minimising financial loss from avoidable events

• recognizing that accidents, ill-health and incidents result from failings in management

• recognize that development of a suitable culture is necessary to avoid risks

• ensure a systematic approach to risk control

• support quality initiatives aimed at continual improvement Examples of health and safety philosophy

Integration with quality and environment management systems Organising

Policy

Auditing

Planning and Implementing

Measuring performance

Reviewing

performance Feedback loop to improve performance Policy development

Organisational development

Developing techniques of planning, measuring and reviewing

BSC International Diploma – Element 1A | Fundamentals of Health and Safety Management

Organising Control

Organising Control Setting key objectives and reviewing against them Planning, reviewing and auditing to ensure legal compliance

Setting performance standards Effective implementation of plans Allocation of specific responsibilities

Individual job descriptions with H &S responsibilities Performance review and appraisal

Procedures to act upon failures by employees Effective supervision

Co-operation

Co-operation Participation and ownership

Encouraging and supporting consultation Communication

Communication H&S coming into/flowing within/going out of the organisation

Visible behaviour Written information Face-to-face discussion Competence

Competence Arrangements for competence: recruitment, identifying training needs, providing information, cover for absence, assessment of fitness for work.

Roles of health and safety advisers.

Planning and Planning and Implementing Implementing

Planning to control risks, react to changing demands, sustaining a positive H&S culture

Concept of risk control systems to maintain workplace precautions Concept of business inputs (minimise risk of hazards entering), processes (contain risks during process) and outputs (prevent export of risks).

Outputs of planning process to include health and safety plans, specifications for management arrangements, health and safety performance standards Systematic approach to co-coordinating activities

Use of gap analysis and benchmarking

Setting objectives and developing workplace precautions Risk assessment

Risk control and preferred hierarchy:

• Eliminate risks by substituting the dangerous by the inherently less dangerous

• Combat risks at source by engineering controls and giving collective measures priority

• Minimise risks by suitable systems of working, using PPE as a last resort

Injuries, ill- health, accidents and near misses Weaknesses in standards

Accident investigation and identification of causes Information to be included in accident reports

BSC International Diploma – Element 1A | Fundamentals of Health and Safety Management

Reviewing Reviewing Performance Performance

To examine the operation and maintenance of the system – and to examine whether the design is responsive to change

Continuous process taken at different levels

Reviews may include monthly reviews of supervisors and individuals, 3-monthly reviews of departments, annual reviews of sites.

Review against key performance indicators and/or benchmarks Auditing

Auditing ‘The structured process of collecting independent information on the efficiency, effectiveness and reliability of the total health and safety management system and drawing up plans for corrective action’.

Setting audit aims

Collecting information by interviewing, examining documents and visual observation

Audit control

BSC International Diploma – Element 1A | Fundamentals of Health and Safety Management

BSC International Diploma

BSC International Diploma | Unit 1 Unit 1 Element 1A:

Element 1A: Fundamentals of Fundamentals of Health and Health and Safety Safety Management Management CONTENTS

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