4. Marco teórico
4.2. Marco Doctrinario
4.3.3. Código Civil Ecuatoriano
1. In the Analyze phase, one of the things you do is:
a. Define performance standards.
b. Establish operating tolerances and pilot a solution.
c. Establish process capability.
d. Define a process map.
2. Collecting VOC helps to:
a. Define how CTQs are linked to vital Xs.
b. Determine how customer CTQs become project CTQs.
c. Decide upon your improvement strategy.
d. Design your DOE.
3. The goal statement defines:
a. In broad terms, the measurable improvement objective.
b. The dollar benefits of the project.
c. The DPMO improvement required.
d. The sigma score expected upon completion of the project.
4. The part of team charter development that defines and places boundaries on the process is:
a. The business case.
b. The goal statement.
c. Defining team roles.
d. Assessing the project scope.
5. The purpose of a process map is:
a. To create a shared view of the process and help identify key inputs.
b. To provide a structure for finding the causes of an effect.
c. To identify ways in which a subprocess or product characteristic can fail.
d. All of the above.
6. Components of a good performance standard include:
a. Target performance.
b. Operational definition.
c. Specification limits.
d. All of the above.
7. What is the statistic used for central tendency with normal data?
a. IQR (interquartile range, Q3 – Q1) b. Quartile 1 (Q1)
c. Median d. Mean
8. The importance of validating a measurement system is to ensure that the measurement does reflect the true variation of the process.
a. True b. False
9. In the two-sample t test, you get a p value of 0.06. The results indicate that
a. You would fail to reject the null hypothesis.
b. You would reject the null hypothesis.
10. When you compare Process A to Process B, Process A has a z score of 3.6, while
Process B has a z score of 2.8. Process B therefore is more capable in terms of meeting
customer requirements.
a. True b. False
11. Which of the following approaches is used to determine differences between population sets?
a. Screening design of experiments b. Optimization design of experiments c. Hypothesis test
d. Process capability analysis 12. Takt time is:
a. The drumbeat of the process—the output required to meet demand.
b. The frequency of incoming customer requests.
c. The number of hours required to complete production of one piece.
d. The amount of resources or overtime required to meet demand.
13. The purpose of a failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) is:
a. To provide a quantitative view used to identify a focus area.
b. To relate the customer CTQs to measurable subprocesses or product characteristics.
c. To identify ways in which a subprocess or product characteristic can fail.
d. To create a shared view of the process.
14. You have a unit with five opportunities. If any opportunity is bad, the whole unit is bad—binomial distribution. You want to use SPC to monitor this unit. What control chart would you use?
a. The X-bar R chart
b. The U chart c. The P chart d. The IMR chart 15. Mistake-proofing is:
a. A method of identifying potential defects.
b. A technique for eliminating errors by making it impossible to make mistakes in the process.
c. A means of responding to defects before they leave the facility.
d. Part of statistical process control.
16. Which of the following is a measure of variation?
a. The upper specification limit b. The standard deviation
c. The lower specification limit d. Both (a) and (c)
17. The purpose of a kaizen event is to:
a. Define standard operations and eliminate NVA in a short period of time, using the expertise of everyday users.
b. Create a shared view of the process.
c. Provide a structure for finding the causes of an effect.
d. Provide a quantitative view used to identify a focus area.
18. In the Measure phase, one of the things you do is:
a. Conduct a DOE.
b. Establish process capability.
c. Define performance standards.
d. Define performance objectives.
19. In an FMEA, what is the RPN?
a. The product of the severity, occurrences, and detection numbers b. The sum of the severity, occurrences, and detection numbers c. The probability of making a Type I error
d. The probability of making a Type II error
20. If your USL is 100 days, your mean is 85 days, and your short-term standard deviation is 5 days, what is your zst(± 0.1)?
21. If your zst is 4, your USL is 50, and your standard deviation is 2, what is your mean?
22. The best that our process can achieve using current technology is called the:
a. Baseline.
b. Entitlement.
c. Sigma value.
d. Benchmark.
23. The null hypothesis generally presumes:
a. No change, or the status quo.
b. The need for immediate action.
c. The essential leadership of the Six Sigma project team.
d. The need for new process technology.
24. You have attribute data. Your defects are 29 out of 2,000 units with 2 quality characteristics per unit. What is your short-term z?
25. Your DPMO is 326,558. What is your short-term z value (± 0.1)?
26. The first element of the team charter is to:
a. Establish the business case.
b. Choose the team members.
c. Evaluate possible improvement initiatives.
d. Design the DOE.
27. In defining a team, you should always define:
a. Roles, responsibilities, and salaries.
b. Roles and supervisory input.
c. Responsibilities and reporting structure.
d. Roles, responsibilities, and expectations.
28. The contents of the high-level process map include:
a. Customer requirements, outputs, process steps, costs, and suppliers.
b. Customer requirements, outputs, process steps, inputs, and suppliers.
c. Schedule factors, outputs, process steps, inputs, and suppliers.
d. None of the above.
29. The purpose of a Pareto chart is:
a. To identify ways in which a subprocess or product characteristic can fail.
b. To provide a quantitative view used to identify a focus area.
c. To provide a structure for finding the causes of an effect.
d. To create a shared view of the process.
30. You need to have an effective process control system because:
a. The process will have a tendency to degrade over time.
b. People outside of the Six Sigma team need to know how to manage the process.
c. Operators need to know what to do if the process gets out of control.
d. All of the above.
31. When validating the measurement system in the Control phase, we:
a. Focus on all the Xs.
b. Use historical data and process knowledge.
c. Focus on the critical Xs identified in the Improve phase.
d. Calculate overall measurement system repeatability, reproducibility, and accuracy.
32. In the Improve phase, one of the things you do is:
a. Establish a data collection plan.
b. Establish process capability.
c. Discover variable relationships.
d. Implement a process control system and project closure.
33. In the Control phase, one of the things you do is:
a. Identify CTQs.
b. Establish process capability.
c. Discover variable relationships.
d. Implement a process control system and project closure.
34. A variable control chart tracks:
a. Discrete data, such as pass/fail or good/bad.
b. Continuous data, such as cycle time, length, or diameter.
c. Several characteristics of the same process.
d. Responses to defects.
35. For a test with a 90-minute time limit and a minimum passing grade of 70 percent, which of these is an acceptable performance standard?
a. Complete the final exam within 90 minutes, with an acceptable grade.
b. Score at least 70 percent on the final exam.
c. Complete the final exam within 90 minutes, with a score of at least 70 percent correct.
d. Pass the final exam.
36. What is the purpose of a data collection plan?
a. To provide a clear, documented strategy for collecting reliable data b. To give all team members a common reference
c. To help to ensure that resources are used to collect only critical data d. All of the above
37. If your X is usually changed in type or kind, rather than amount, it is a(n):
a. Operating parameter.
b. DOE design.
c. Critical element.
d. Vital X.
38. The line in the box of a box plot represents the mean.
a. True b. False
39. Overall validation of process improvement is done by:
a. Calculating the new process capability and performing a hypothesis test.
b. A process capability report.
c. Just a hypothesis test.
d. Generating a regression analysis on the new process.
40. Data sets A and B in Figure 7.1 show high levels of correlation.
Figure 7.1 Scatter Plot of Data Set A vs. Data Set B a. True
b. False