Características de la calidad enseñanza aprendizaje

118 Bonnecase, Vincent

Sur la chute de Blaise Compaoré : autorité et colère dans les derniers jours d'un régime / Vincent Bonnecase - In: Politique africaine: (2015), no. 137, p. 151-168.

ASC Subject Headings: Burkina Faso; heads of State; rebellions; protest.

Cet article revient sur la chute de Blaise Compaoré en questionnant le lien entre les manifestations explosives de la contestation qui se sont exprimées dans ce contexte précis et des formes d'expression plus diffuse de la colère et de l'autorité, observées dans le cadre d'un plus long terrain. Deux éléments y sont plus particulièrement discutés : le premier touche à la pluralité des régimes de légitimité mis en concurrence dans les derniers jours de la présidence de Blaise Compaoré, et le second à l'hétérogénéité des colères qui se sont agglomérées le temps d'une courte révolution. Au final, il s'agira de montrer que cette fin de régime, pas plus qu'elle n'a constitué l'issue inéluctable des manœuvres constitutionnelles de l'ancien président ou de l'épuisement de sa propre légitimité, n'a pas non plus suivi une logique uniforme qui aurait été encadrée par les associations et les partis d'opposition à des fins que partagerait le plus grand nombre, elle a davantage consisté en une rencontre fortuite de colères hétérogènes, dans un contexte d'affrontement marqué entre différents régimes de légitimité. Notes, réf., rés. en français en en anglais. [Résumé extrait de la revue]

119 Dowd-Uribe, Brian

Burkina Faso's reversal on genetically modified cotton and the implications for Africa / Brian Dowd-Uribe and Matthew A. Schnurr - In: African Affairs: (2016), vol. 115, no. 458, p. 161-172 : graf.

ASC Subject Headings: Burkina Faso; South Africa; cotton; genetic engineering; crops; agricultural innovations.

This briefing reviews the experiences of South African farmers with genetically modified (GM) cotton, which has emerged as the crucial precedent highlighting the value of GM crops for poor farmers. It then turns to the case of Burkina Faso, which became the showcase for how GM crops can benefit smallholder African farmers. However, as shown here, Burkina Faso has begun a complete phaseout of GM cotton, citing the inferior lint quality of the GM cultivars as the reason for abandoning its cultivation. Burkina Faso's phase-out could stall or even end negotiations to adopt GM cotton in other Francophone African countries with similar concerns over cotton quality. More generally, Burkina Faso's reversal could undermine public trust in GM crops across the continent at a time when many African countries are grappling with the politicized and polarized debate over whether to adopt these new breeding technologies. The authors argue that the retreat of Burkina Faso, one of the most prominent and vocal supporters of GM crops on the continent, could

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have significant implications for the future of GM crops in Africa. Notes, ref., sum. [ASC Leiden abstract]

120 Frère, Marie Soleil

Burkina Faso : the fall of Blaise Compaoré / Marie Soleil Frère and Pierre Englebert - In:

African Affairs: (2015), vol. 114, no. 455, p. 295-307.

ASC Subject Headings: Burkina Faso; heads of State; rebellions; political conditions.

President Blaise Compaoré resigned and fled Burkina Faso on 31 October 2014 under the sustained assault of a coalition of youth, cultural leaders, civil society organizations and opposition parties, and after the defection of core segments of his military. This briefing first discusses the actual sequence of events that led to the transition. The authors then identify some deeper trends that weakened the regime, including the dilemma of succession in a semi-authoritarian regime, the rise of youth and cultural elites as opposition actors who placed themselves beyond the reach of regime co-optation, and the use of Sankara imagery as a tool of mobilization. They then jointly analyse two features of the transition and the current regime of Lt-Col Isaac Yacouba Zida who, despite being only primeminister, appears to be the country's new strongman. The first is the relative institutional uncertainty that accompanied the fall of the Compaoré regime and which continues to hamper the transition. The second is the enduring role of the military in Burkinabè politics. The article concludes by singling out some implications of the transition and the challenges ahead. Notes, ref. [ASC Leiden abstract]

121 Hagberg, Sten

'Thousands of new Sankaras' : resistance and struggle in Burkina Faso / Sten Hagberg - In: Africa Spectrum: (2015), vol. 50, no. 3, p. 109-121.

ASC Subject Headings: Burkina Faso; coups d'état; resistance.

This article analyses recent political developments in Burkina Faso, particularly the failed coup d'état in September 2015. The coup was led by the former president's security forces (RSP), comprised of 1,300 heavily equipped and well-trained soldiers. The RSP took the president and government hostage and declared the coup d'état. The coup was condemned by most Burkinabe, civil society organisations, trade unions, and political parties, as well as by the international community. Across the country, people mobilised in popular resistance and civil disobedience. RSP soldiers patrolled and shot live rounds into neighbourhoods, while residents built barricades. Resistance mounted in Ouagadougou and elsewhere in the country, and after a few days it became clear that the coup would fail. In this article, the author describes the courage and determination of the Burkinabe people in the face of the coupists and thereby show that popular resistance and revolutionary struggle are part and parcel of Burkinabe political culture. In conclusion, the author

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discusses the prospects for a veritable democratic breakthrough in Burkina Faso. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. in English and German. [Journal abstract]

122 Hart, Amy

Peace in the land of upright people : religion and violence in Burkina Faso / Amy Hart - In:

Journal for the Study of Religion: (2014), vol. 27, no. 2, p. 172-194.

ASC Subject Headings: Burkina Faso; religion; ethnicity; peace.

Despite its desperate poverty and geographical position in a region wrought with religious and political violence, Burkina Faso has avoided displays of religious intolerance. Instead, it has upheld a reputation as an extremely open, welcoming and tolerant society, which has been maintained despite a lack of religious homogeneity in the country. This article attempts to explain how Burkina Faso has remained regionally unique in its approach towards religion by studying the country's social, cultural-ethnic, and religious climate, as well as the present socio-religious interrelations within the family and community setting. After looking at several hypotheses, some unique factors seem determinant, including the geographical diversity of ethnic and religious groups across Burkina Faso, leading to a high contact setting between groups of various beliefs and ethnicities. This diversity, combined with the interdependent lifestyle lived by the majority of Burkina Faso's citizens, has led to a peace-fostering emphasis on community harmony over doctrinal certainty. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. [Journal abstract]

THE GAMBIA 123 Coly, Sylvie

La Gambie : actes du colloque international organisé par la Faculté des lettres et sciences de l'Université de Gambie du 7 au 9 novembre 2012 / Pierre Gomez. - Paris : L'Harmattan, cop. 2015. - 287 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. - (Études africaines, Série littérature ) - Met bibliogr., noten, samenvattingen in Frans en Engels.

ISBN 2343061645

ASC Subject Headings: Gambia; West Africa; sociolinguistics; multilingualism; acculturation; social integration; languages of instruction; pedagogy; conference papers (form); 2012.

La Gambie, pays anglophone enclavé dans le Sénégal et dont la plupart de ses voisins immédiats sont des États francophones, offre une position géographique particulière notamment dans sa dimension socioculturelle et géopolitique pour étudier le plurilinguisme. Cette étude étudie les aspects culturels, sociaux et économiques du plurilinguisme et présente des réflexions autour des questions d'intégration, de mixité ou de droit à la différence, de transferts et d'hybridités et du rôle des medias. Contributions: Altérité et plurilinguisme : enjeux culturels et implications didactiques (M. Ngalasso-Mwatha); La