CLASIFICACIÓN DE INDICADORES DE ACUERDO A LAS

Women who are or may be pregnant are often not included in pharmaceutical research studies. It is only after medications have been approved and are consumed by pregnant women that the effects are often identified. This is because in an effort to treat some of the troubling symptoms that occur during and following pregnancy while breast feed- ing, these effects become known. Research is inconsistent in identifying remedies for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (Matthews, Haas, O’Mathúna, Dowswell & Doyle, 2014). There is insufficient research evidence to promote any one specific intervention. It is imperative that the care provider work with women to identify what works for each and pro- mote its use while continuing assessment and review of these interventions.

Complementary and alternative interventions for preg- nancy symptoms and other troubling problems that occur should be considered and critically evaluated by care provid- ers as viable alternative to medications. Using validated web-based information by reputable sites like the Centers for Disease Control and the U. S. National Library of Medicine are important. Some helpful sites follow:

• The U.S. National Library of Medicine –

- Database of Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) located at http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/lact- med.htm

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention –

- Treating for Two located at http://www.cdc.gov/preg- nancy/meds/treatingfortwo/

- National Birth Defects Prevention Study located at http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/nbdps.html • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food

and Drug Administration located at http://www.fda.gov/ default.htm

- List of Pregnancy Exposure Registries located at http:// www.fda.gov/ScienceResearch/SpecialTopics/Women- sHealthResearch/ucm134848.htm

Symptom presence and severity is subjective. Care provider attitude can affect whether hyperemesis symptom presence and severity is disclosed by women during pregnan- cy. Many women in the qualitative study by Power, Thomson and Waterman (2010) identified that they felt unsupported when they reported symptoms. The care provider must possess a helpful attitude and encourage women to disclose symptom occurrence and severity in order for them to re- ceive a timely response when symptoms present themselves. It is imperative that providers be available and engaged with the pregnant woman in working to develop a plan of care to promote control of symptoms.

Treatment options should be personalized for all illnesses. A thorough history and physical assessment is necessary in order to identify and validate the best options for intervention and symptom treatment. Careful review and collaborative intervention decisions are required for the best outcome. Decisions to prescribe medications for the pregnant woman should be a collaborative and joint decision following careful assessment and identification of the pros and cons of such an intervention. The provider should remain knowledge- able of current evidence related to the use of medications in pregnancy in order to educate and medicate appropriately.

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Medications During Pregnancy: A Prenatal Perspective

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Dr. Maria Revell is an Associate Professor at Tennessee State Uni- versity (TSU). She received her bachelor’s degree in nursing from Tuskegee Institute, her master’s from the University of AL, Hunts- ville and her doctorate from the University of AL, Birmingham. Her professional experiences include work with families and has more than 35 publications in areas of nursing including textbook author and international refereed journals and her professional career includes awards for teaching, grants, and publications.

Adrienne Wilk is an Assistant Professor of Nursing and the Clini- cal Simulation Resource Lead at Tennessee State University. Ms. Wilk received her MSN in Nursing Education at Texas Woman’s University, her BSN from Pennsylvania State University, and a diploma in nursing from Lancaster Institute for Health Educa- tion. Ms. Wilk has an extensive clinical background in cardiovas- cular nursing and has recently developed an interest in maternal child nursing after adopting her first child.

Medications During Pregnancy: A Prenatal Perspective

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