The carrying amount of goodwill is allocated to the Group’s cash-generating units at the time of acquisition. The determination of cash-generating units is based on management structure and internal financial management.
tRaDeMaRks, DIstRIbUtIOn RIgHts anD CUstOMeR RelatIOns
Trademarks, distribution rights and customer relations are initially recognised in the balance sheet at cost. Subsequently, they are measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and less any accumulated impairment losses. Trademarks, distribution rights and customer relations are amortised on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.
Trademarks are not amortised as they are all well-established, old and profitable trademarks which customers are expected to continue demanding unabatedly, other things being equal, and which Management is not planning to stop selling and marketing.
Distribution rights are amortised on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, maximum 20 years. Customer relations are amortised on a straigt-line basis over their estimated useful lives, maximum 5 years.
Goodwill and trademarks with indefinite useful lives are, however, not amortised but are tested annually for impairment. It is the Group’s strategy to maintain trademarks and their value.
Impairment test of goodwill and trademarks
The impairment test in 2014 as in 2014 did not give rise to recognising any impairment losses.
The carrying amount of goodwill and trademarks with indefinite useful lives at 31 December is related to the cash-generating
opera-tional units and breaks down as follows:
DKK ‘000 goodwill Trademarks Total share
2014
Western Europe 80,645 2,990 83,635 3%
Baltic Sea* 1,363,431 1,230,351 2,593,782 97%
Malt Beverages and Exports 7,752 7,752 0%
total 1,451,828 1,233,341 2,685,169 100%
* most of the values relates to Finland
The recoverable amount is based on value in use, which is calculated by means of expected net cash flows on the basis of budgets and forecasts for 2015-2017 approved by Management as well as estimated market driven discount rates and growth rates.
note 11 intAngibLe Assets (continueD)
notes to Consolidated Balance sheet
Only limited revenue growth is expected in the medium term as several of Royal Unibrew’s markets are generally seeing minor struc-tural declines in the total beverage market. The Baltic Sea segment is expected to see continuously declining consumption in Finland and stable consumption in the Baltic countries. Through increased focus on exploiting commercial opportunities and innovation, Royal Unibrew expects to be able to maintain its revenue at the current level in Finland and to realise limited revenue growth in the Baltic countries. Gross margins are assumed to remain stable at the current level through continued focus on continuous efficiency enhance-ment. The key assumptions underlying the calculation of recoverable amount are as indicated below.
malt
beverages
western Europe Baltic sea and Exports
Growth rate 2018-2021 1% 0-4% 0%
Growth rate on terminal value 1% 1% 2%
Discount rate (WACC) 6.5% 6,6-8,6% 15.5%
The forecasted results for 2015-2017 approved by Management are based on previously achieved results and expected market develop-ments. The average growth rates applied are in accordance with Management’s expectations taking into account industry conditions in the individual markets. The discount rates applied are before tax and reflect current specific risks in the individual market. The assump-tions applied by Management are inherently subject to uncertainty and unpredictability. Reasonably probable changes will not lead to
recognition of impairment losses.
DKK ‘000 goodwill Trademarks Total share
2013
Western Europe 80,645 2,990 83,635 3%
North East Europe (from 2014: Baltic Sea) 1,342,466 1,233,112 2,575,578 97%
Malt Beverages (from 2014: Malt Beverages and Exports) 7,267 7,267 0%
total 1,430,378 1,236,102 2,666,480 100%
The key assumptions underlying the calculation of recoverable amount in 2013 were:
malt
beverages
western Europe Baltic sea and Exports
Growth rate 2017-2020 1% 0-4% 2%
Growth rate on terminal value 1% 1% 2%
Discount rate (WACC) 6.0% 5.7-9.5% 15.5%
The forecasted results approved by Management are based on previously achieved results and expected market developments. The average growth rates applied are in accordance with Management’s expectations taking into account industry conditions in the individual markets.
The discount rates applied are before tax and reflect current specific risks in the individual market. The assumptions applied by Management are inherently subject to uncertainty and unpredictability. Reasonably probable changes will not lead to recognition of impairment losses.
IMPaIRMent
The carrying amounts of intangible assets and property, plant and equipment are reviewed on an annual basis to determine whether impairment has incurred other than that expressed by normal amortisation and depreciation. If so, the asset is written down to the higher of net selling price and value in use. Goodwill and other assets for which a value in use cannot be determined as the asset does not on an individual basis generate future cash flows are reviewed for impairment together with the group of assets (cash-generating units) to which they are attributable.
The carrying amount of goodwill and trademarks with indefinite useful lives is tested for impairment at least on an annual basis, together with the other non-current assets of the cash-generating unit to which goodwill has been allocated, and is written down to recoverable amount in the income statement if the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount.
notes to Consolidated Balance sheet
note 11 intAngibLe Assets (continueD)
The carrying amount of financial assets measured at cost or amortised cost is written down for impairment if, due to changed expected net payments, the net present value is lower than the carrying amount.
IntangIble assets
In relation to trademarks, Management makes an annual judgement to determine whether the current market situation has reduced the value or affected the useful life of the trademarks, including whether past estimates of indefinite useful lives may be maintained.
An annual impairment test is made of the values recognised in the Financial Statements of goodwill and trademarks assessed to have in-definite lives which are therefore not amortised. For a description of the discount rates and growth rates applied in connection with the impairment test of goodwill and trademarks as well as other assumptions of the impairment test, reference is made to the above note.
note 12 property, pLAnt AnD equipment
Other
Other fixtures, Property, property, Project and fittings, plant and plant and development Land and Plant and tools and equipment equipment DKK ‘000 properties buildings machinery equipment in progress Total Cost at 1 January 2014 145,703 1,701,646 2,018,783 645,866 38,164 4,404,459
Exchange adjustment -2,320 -1,904 -416 -25 -4,665
Additions 2,905 21,088 59,993 78,456 43,868 203,405
Disposals -54,073 -2,780 -8,930 -40,830 -52.540
Transfers for the year 2,502 14,625 19,322 -36,449 0
Cost at 31 December 2014 94,535 1,720,136 2,082,567 702,398 45,558 4,550,659 Depreciation and impairment
losses at 1 January 2014 144,836 -440,141 -1,138,516 -407,400 0 -1,986,057
Exchange adjustment 387 1,054 500 1,941
Depreciation for the year -65,096 -122,394 -91,003 -278,493
Revaluations for the year 70,000
Reversal of depreciation and impairment
of assets sold and discontinued -70,932 791 7,961 34,508 43,260 Depreciation and impairment losses
at 31 December 2014 143,904 -504,059 -1,251,895 -463,395 0 -2,219,349
Carrying amount at 31 December 2014 238,439 1,216,077 830,672 239,003 45,558 2,331,310 Finance lease assets included above
Cost 65,140
Depreciation and impairment losses -9,566
Carrying amount at 31 December 2014 55,574 55,574 Land and buildings at a carrying amount of DKK 1,017 million have been provided as security for mortgage debt of DKK 1,161 million Leased assets at a carrying amount of DKK 55.6 million have been provided as security for lease commitments totalling DKK 60.1 million.
note 12 property, pLAnt AnD equipment (continueD)
notes to Consolidated Balance sheet
Other
Other fixtures, Property, property, Project and fittings, plant and plant and development Land and Plant and tools and equipment equipment DKK ‘000 properties buildings machinery equipment in progress Total Cost at 1 January 2013 158,842 968,483 1,512,170 540,601 67,531 3,088,785
Exchange adjustment 312 340 -4 3 651
Additions 2,901 2,882 57,271 44,432 35,908 140,493
Additions on acquisition 720,988 402,974 112,487 8,901 1,245,350
Disposals -16,040 -52 -14,243 -56,525 -70,820
Transfers for the year 9,033 60,271 4,875 -74,179 0
Cost at 31 December 2013 145,703 1,701,646 2,018,783 645,866 38,164 4,404,459 Depreciation and impairment losses
at 1 January 2013 117,496 -409,283 -1,078,801 -397,698 0 -1,885,782
Exchange adjustment -9 -42 -224 -275
Depreciation for the year -30,901 -71,219 -58,523 -160,643
Revaluations for the year 90,000
Reversal of depreciation and impairment
of assets sold and discontinued -62,660 52 11,546 49,045 60,643 Depreciation and impairment losses
at 31 December 2013 144,836 -440,141 -1,138,516 -407,400 0 -1,986,057
Carrying amount at 31 December 2013 290,539 1,261,505 880,267 238,466 38,164 2,418,402
Finance lease assets included above
Cost 117,774
Depreciation and impairment losses -4,430
Carrying amount at 31 December 2013 113,344 113,344
Land and buildings at a carrying amount of DKK 656.5 million have been provided as security for mortgage debt of DKK 761.9 million Leased assets at a carrying amount of DKK 113.3 million have been provided as security for lease commitments totalling DKK 109 million.
PROJeCt DeVelOPMent PROPeRtIes (bReWeRy sIte In aaRHUs)
In 2011 the Company entered into a cooperation agreement based on an option model under which the purchaser may acquire the brewery site piece by piece in the period to the end of 2016. It remains Management’s assessment as stated in connection with the presentation of the Financial Statements for the period 1 January - 31 December 2013 that the potential cash flow under the said co-operation agreement provides the best basis for estimating the fair value of the brewery site. Building rights for 85,475 square metres of the total 140,000 square metres of building rights at the brewery site were sold in 2012-2014 at carrying amount. In 2008, 2013 and 2014 the carrying amount was revalued by DKK 240 million, DKK 90 million and DKK 70 million, respectively. The revaluation is less deferred tax recognised in revaluation reserves in equity. The carrying amount of the remaining 54,525 square metres of building rights amounts to DKK 239 million at 31 December 2014 and does not differ materially from the currently estimated fair value. The purchaser has notified Royal Unibrew that he wishes to acquire building rights for additionally 18,900 square metres. The acquisition will be made at a value corresponding to the carrying amount at 31 December 2014.