El mejor amigo, el muerto
2. LAS COMEDIAS COLABORADAS Y SUS MÉTODOS DE CREACIÓN
particles production technique (90,105).
Table I.11. Effects and results of different parameters on electrospun morphology (79,85).
Parameters Effect on fiber morphology Solution parameters Polymer
concentration Increase in polymer concentration produce an increase in fiber diameter.
Molecular weight
(Mw) of polymer Number of beads and droplets are reduced with high Mw.
Viscosity Optimal viscosity range is needed to produce fibers. Viscosity, polymer concentration and Mw are strongly related.
Surface tension Instability of jets is obtained when surface tension is high.
Conductivity/surface
charge density Decrease in conductivity induces an increase in fiber diameter.
Processing parameters
Applied voltage Increase in voltage cause a decrease in fiber diameter.
Feed rate/Flow rate A decrease in flow rate generates a decrease in fiber diameter. Particles can be obtained if the flow decreases considerably.
Tip to collector
distance Too large and too small distance can generate beads formation. A minimum distance is necessary to facilitate the solvent evaporation and produce homogeneous fibers.
Ambient parameters
Humidity It must controlled. A high humidity can result in beads formations and small circular pores can appear on the surface of the fiber.
Temperature Increase in temperature cause a decrease in fiber diameter.
Erasmus Mundus Doctorate in Membrane Engineering (EUDIME) | CHAPTER I 73 Figure I.7. Yflow 2.2.D-500 coaxial electrospinni ng machines R&D microencapsulation from Malaga Spain)
The use of single, coaxial or triaxial needles, as well as the simultaneous use of electrospinning/electrospraying techniques, allows the design of very specific biomaterials with core/shell and/or particle decorated fibers structures for bone tissue engineering or wound dressing applications (4,20,23,48,78,79,85–87,89,90,92,95,96,98–100,107–131,131–138).
Multiple materials such as drugs, biomolecules, essential oils or inorganic particles can be dissolved or dispersed in a polymer solution to obtain electrospun biomaterials (90).
74 CHAPTER I | Erasmus Mundus Doctorate in Membrane Engineering (EUDIME)
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