Comercio Exterior de bienes y servicios - Principales Indicadores Competitivos

5. ANÁLISIS COMPETITIVO DE ECUADOR: ESTUDIO DE LOS PRINCIPALES INDICADORES Y

5.2. Principales Indicadores Competitivos

5.2.4. Comercio Exterior de bienes y servicios

This section describes

injury. Injuries in frontal, rear, side and rollover impacts are being presented along with those in pedestrian impacts and in impacts with camels.

Figure 4.5

61% of the injuries are caused by crashes with cars. Of these, the cervical vertebrae are injured the most (44%). Fractures of th

spinal injuries were reported in 142 cases which are mostly AIS 2 (85%). Few cases of serious injuries (12%) and only 2 cases of critical injuries (AIS 5) were reported. Very few cases (mostly A

Impacts with fixed objects on the road accounted 15% of the spinal injuries in this study. Most of these injuries found in cervical region (47%), followed by thoracic injuries (35%).

4.3 TYPES OF COLLISION

This section describes

injury. Injuries in frontal, rear, side and rollover impacts are being presented along with those in pedestrian impacts and in impacts with camels.

Figure 4.5: Severity and type of

Figure 4.5

61% of the injuries are caused by crashes with cars. Of these, the cervical vertebrae are injured the most (44%). Fractures of th

spinal injuries were reported in 142 cases which are mostly AIS 2 (85%). Few cases of serious injuries (12%) and only 2 cases of critical injuries (AIS 5) were reported. Very few cases (mostly AIS 3) were reported for sacral vertebral injuries.

Impacts with fixed objects on the road accounted 15% of the spinal injuries in this study. Most of these injuries found in cervical region (47%), followed by thoracic injuries (35%).

4.3 TYPES OF COLLISION

This section describes

injury. Injuries in frontal, rear, side and rollover impacts are being presented along with those in pedestrian impacts and in impacts with camels.

Figure 4.5: Severity and type of

Figure 4.5 shows the severity of spinal injuries for various collisions. Out of 778 cases

61% of the injuries are caused by crashes with cars. Of these, the cervical vertebrae are injured the most (44%). Fractures of th

spinal injuries were reported in 142 cases which are mostly AIS 2 (85%). Few cases of serious injuries (12%) and only 2 cases of critical injuries (AIS 5) were reported. Very few cases

IS 3) were reported for sacral vertebral injuries.

Impacts with fixed objects on the road accounted 15% of the spinal injuries in this study. Most of these injuries found in cervical region (47%), followed by thoracic injuries (35%).

4.3 TYPES OF COLLISION

This section describes the effect of car collision type on the level and severity of spinal injury. Injuries in frontal, rear, side and rollover impacts are being presented along with those in pedestrian impacts and in impacts with camels.

Figure 4.5: Severity and type of

shows the severity of spinal injuries for various collisions. Out of 778 cases 61% of the injuries are caused by crashes with cars. Of these, the cervical vertebrae are injured the most (44%). Fractures of thoracic vertebrae were reported in 117 (25%) cases. The lumbar spinal injuries were reported in 142 cases which are mostly AIS 2 (85%). Few cases of serious injuries (12%) and only 2 cases of critical injuries (AIS 5) were reported. Very few cases

IS 3) were reported for sacral vertebral injuries.

Impacts with fixed objects on the road accounted 15% of the spinal injuries in this study. Most of these injuries found in cervical region (47%), followed by thoracic injuries (35%).

4.3 TYPES OF COLLISION

the effect of car collision type on the level and severity of spinal injury. Injuries in frontal, rear, side and rollover impacts are being presented along with those in pedestrian impacts and in impacts with camels.

Figure 4.5: Severity and type of

shows the severity of spinal injuries for various collisions. Out of 778 cases 61% of the injuries are caused by crashes with cars. Of these, the cervical vertebrae are injured oracic vertebrae were reported in 117 (25%) cases. The lumbar spinal injuries were reported in 142 cases which are mostly AIS 2 (85%). Few cases of serious injuries (12%) and only 2 cases of critical injuries (AIS 5) were reported. Very few cases

IS 3) were reported for sacral vertebral injuries.

Impacts with fixed objects on the road accounted 15% of the spinal injuries in this study. Most of these injuries found in cervical region (47%), followed by thoracic injuries (35%).

Figure 4.5: Severity and type of spinal injury vs. type of collision

IS 3) were reported for sacral vertebral injuries.

Impacts with fixed objects on the road accounted 15% of the spinal injuries in this study. Most of these injuries found in cervical region (47%), followed by thoracic injuries (35%).

spinal injury vs. type of collision

IS 3) were reported for sacral vertebral injuries.

Impacts with fixed objects on the road accounted 15% of the spinal injuries in this study. Most of these injuries found in cervical region (47%), followed by thoracic injuries (35%).

the effect of car collision type on the level and severity of spinal injury. Injuries in frontal, rear, side and rollover impacts are being presented along with those

spinal injury vs. type of collision

IS 3) were reported for sacral vertebral injuries.

Impacts with fixed objects on the road accounted 15% of the spinal injuries in this study. Most of these injuries found in cervical region (47%), followed by thoracic injuries (35%).

the effect of car collision type on the level and severity of spinal injury. Injuries in frontal, rear, side and rollover impacts are being presented along with those

spinal injury vs. type of collision

Impacts with fixed objects on the road accounted 15% of the spinal injuries in this study. Most of these injuries found in cervical region (47%), followed by thoracic injuries (35%).

the effect of car collision type on the level and severity of spinal injury. Injuries in frontal, rear, side and rollover impacts are being presented along with those

spinal injury vs. type of collision

Impacts with fixed objects on the road accounted 15% of the spinal injuries in this study. Most of these injuries found in cervical region (47%), followed by thoracic injuries (35%).

the effect of car collision type on the level and severity of spinal injury. Injuries in frontal, rear, side and rollover impacts are being presented along with those

spinal injury vs. type of collision

Impacts with fixed objects on the road accounted 15% of the spinal injuries in this study. Most of these injuries found in cervical region (47%), followed by thoracic injuries (35%).

the effect of car collision type on the level and severity of spinal injury. Injuries in frontal, rear, side and rollover impacts are being presented along with those

Impacts with fixed objects on the road accounted 15% of the spinal injuries in this study. Most of these injuries found in cervical region (47%), followed by thoracic injuries (35%).

In spite that only less (2%) of the collisions in this study were classified as an impact with camels, but all the cases resulted either in critical injury (AIS 5) or in fatal injury (AIS 6). The pedestrian impacts considered 11% of the injuries. Most of these injuries were AIS 2 and occurred in cervical spine (45%) followed by sacral segments (26%).

Rollover collisions were responsible for 11% injuries. Out of these, 37 (44%) cases (including 25 AIS 2 injuries, and the remaining AIS 3 and 4) were reported on cervical vertebra injuries. Thoracic vertebrae (42%) also had a similar pattern of injury. 10 cases (all AIS 2) of lumbar injuries were observed. No injuries were reported in sacral vertebrae.

From Table 4.3, it can be observed out of 512 crash cases considered 294 cases (58%) are impact with another car. Followed by 82 cases (16%) of pedestrian impact and 79 cases (15%) of fixed object impact. 61% of the spinal injuries are caused by car crashes. It can be observed that in all the cases car crashes are the most frequent. The highest injury rate was observed in rollovers followed by car collisions, and fixed object collisions.

Table 4.3: Incidence rates of spinal injury by crash type

Collision Type

Crashes Casualties Spinal Injuries

Fatal Serious N % N % N % N % Injury/Casualty Car Occupants Car 294 57.42 129 59.45 194 57.91 476 61.18 1.47 Fixed object 79 15.43 38 17.51 45 13.43 113 14.52 1.36 Rollover 43 8.4 7 3.23 40 11.94 85 10.93 1.81 Animal 14 2.73 3 1.38 14 4.18 19 2.44 1.12 Road Users Pedestrian 82 16.02 40 18.43 42 1.54 85 10.93 1.04 Total 512 100 217 100 335 100 778 100 1.41

In document Análisis y estudio de la competitividad ecuatoriana según el informe de competitividad global elaborado por el Foro Económico Mundial (página 64-73)