Comparación de medias con el índice técnico

Although we have identified col* XIV, or part of it, os a

fragment of an earlier recension of XV-XIX, the problem of its inclusion in IQM remains* This problem extends, in fact, to all the material in cols. X-XIV, Whereas II-IX and XV-XIX have been

seen as deliberate compositions, with a coherent structure and

purpose, in which analysis of the contents revealed the meaning, ~ÿ; and often the history, of the whole, no such procedure can be

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adopted in the case, of X-XIV, There is no introduction or conclu- v»!?

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sion, no unity of style, subject matter, or background. We have ' -

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merely a series of hymns and prayers, of which,most, but not all,

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deal with war in some way, .

■ _{There have been attempts to connect this material with one}' ■ ■ ' ’ ; or,other of the two documents in IQM treated so far. Many scholars

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find in X-XII the "soeech of the Chief Priest" referred to in QtH'S

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XV,5 - the "prayer for the appointed time of battle". The dif-

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ficulty with this view, as with the development of this view which holds XIII and XIV also to contain liturgy belonging to the war-

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rule of XV-XIX, is that XV-XIX is apparently quite.self-cOntained.

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It is impossible to fit much of the liturgy in X-XIV into XV-XIX. '-4

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Why should XV-XIX, include some of the liturgy, but leave out other ■ ■■■ liturgy which was required to be used? Furthermore, there are no rubrics in X-XII, to indicate when the contents should be read out, and the rubric of col. XIV, as we have seen,, is different in important respects from the rubrics of XV-XIX.

Other scholars- have connected X-XIV with II-IX, but there is no positive evidence for this at all. Thé situation which XIV,4b-8a, for example, presupposes, is not that dèpicted in II-IX. In short, there are no good grounds for; connecting X-XIV

130.

We have already isolated col. XIV, or some of it. Col. XIII, too, is different from the material in X-XII, since it is strongly dualistic and has its own rubric. It is thus clear that cols. XIII and XIV have to be considered to some extent separately from X-XII, but their occurrence in IQM is probably due to their connection with the material which precedes them.

Can we even suggest that X-XII is a unit? Two arguments in favour of this may be urged, although neither is conclusive.

Firstly, we may recall our discussion of XV,4-6a,^ in which ref- JS

erence is made, to a book called , which contained the

"prayer for the appointed time of battle". Such a book might

be a collection of liturgical pieces, containing items espec- .j ially for war. The only suitable hymns are found, in fact, in ^

cols. X-XIV. ' -I

In col. XIX,Iff. are found two hymns which (we have *

suggested) were added to the existing liturgy from elsewhere. We also noted that the two hymns appeared, and in the same order, in col. XII. The first of these two hymns seemed quite inapprop­ riate in col, XIX, and its presence was explained by supposing it to have been regarded as belonging to the hymn which followed, This could easily happen if the two hymns were taken from a col­ lection in which the hymns were not separated from one another,

but run together. Qp,

If it is true that the framework of XV-XIX refers at one point to a liturgical book, and at another point has taken from a collection of hymns two which occurred consecutively in that book, then it is a very reasonable conclusion that the book in each case is one and the same, and that cols. X-XIV (or, perhaps,

X-XII) constitute either this book or a part of it. This

hypothesis Cto anticipate somewhat) would also explain why cols. X-XII (XII-XIV?) are included in IQM.

We shall adopt this hypothesis at the outset, although it will not prejudice our interpretation of the individual elements, whose origins and purposes and theology would seem to be rather diverse. The contents of X-XII, which we shall examine first,

5, have been analysed already into the following components:

X,l-8a; X,8b-l6; X,17-XI,7a; XI,7b-12; XI,13-S; XII,1-5; XII,7-10a; XII,10b-15; XII,17-E. •

In the next chapter we shall discuss both the content and the context of these hymns, where possible attempting to find

132,

NOTES

1. E.g. Yadin, p.212; Carmignac, p.138; Dupont-Sommer, p.156. 2. E.g, as Becker, p.45f.; Osten-Sacken, p.52f. connects col.

XIV with VII-IX,9. 3. Above, p.21f.

4. Above, p.ll3f.