There are several directions that are likely to emerge in develop-ment of future integrations of Level II theories of hypnosis;
1. The hypnotic interaction permits de-integration of the usual ego states (or ego images) in a safe interaction guided by the therapist.
2. Such de-integration permits the emergence during hypnosis of vari-ous dissociated and repressed relational structures involving both an identity of the ego and an identity of a significant other person.
3. All hypnotic phenomena are interactive with the therapist, so that any " s t a t e " characteristics of hypnosis must be related to the
interactive dyad of patient/therapist, which will become a new focus of investigation.
What is ordinarily experienced as the waking personality, the ego, is actually a composite of many different ego-other models, many of which can be seen in dream material, in hypnoanalytic revivifications of past events, or in various projective techniques. In usual waking
interaction, the waking-ego must represent all of these ego states that are constellated, even though some are contradictory, leading to
am-bivalence, The waking-ego cannot afford to relax its integrative role, but such a role can be safely and temporarily abandoned in a hypnotic state that is defined as safe because of reliance on a trusted therapist.
The therapist can then guide the hypnotic experience of ego states, which are only tacitly present in the experience and awareness of the waking-ego. Since what is actually repressed or dissociated seems to be models of relation between an ego-identity and a significant other person, the emergence of such states in hypnosis may produce unfore-seen transference distortions of the therapist-patient interaction. There fore, such hypnotic dissociation should be initiated only by therapists who are competent to treat the transference distortions that may arise, whether such distortions are positive or negative in emotional tone.
The dyadic interaction of subject and therapist will eventually be studied; at present there are largely anecdotal observations, such as the therapist entering a light state of hypnosis along with the subject or the occasional and rare phenomenon of telepathy that seems to occur between patient and therapist.
We anticipate that eventually techniques of research in the central
nervous system will permit an extension of psychostructural theory in terms of neurophysiology. The waking brain, with which the ordinary ego state of waking consciousness is associated, relies for conscious-ness on the brain-stem structures, including the thalamic connections and projections onto the cortex of the reticular-activating system.
Perhaps it will eventually be possible to define with s o m e precision a similar gestalt in terms of anatomical and functional units of the brain,
In the present state of the art of hypnosis, an overelaboration of theory is not, in our opinion, a useful undertaking- The considerations
implied in the schematic of psychostructural will provide useful ori-entation for clinical practice and theoretical observation,
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