Control permanente de los valores medidos (función CMC)

In the practical experiment, we unite the Node Table and the Edge Table to express the SF, see Table 4.1 for details. It is the unite table for Node Table and the Edge Table of the example which is provided in section 3.2.3.1. The first column describes the number of Japanese node part. The second column describes the Japanese node part. By using φ we denote the fact that the content of the node is zero (or empty). The third column describes the corresponding Chinese node part. The numbers in the fourth column describe the location order of Chinese nouns and the last column indicates the kind of noun.

No N-J N-C L-C Kind

1 φ qing 2 n

2 ni kanshite jiu 1 n

3 ni yoru jinxing 3 g

4 wo onegai itashi masu. , jinqing guanzhao. - -

Table 4.1: United Table

The detailed format of the SF is shown below: Z & Qing & 2 &n

ni kanshite & jiu & 1 &n ni yoru & jinxing & 3 &g

wo onegai itashi masu. &,jinqing guanzhao.& 0 & 0

The first row (divided by &) means the Japanese note part, and the second row means the corresponding Chinese note part. The number in the third row indicates the order of the nouns. We use the above example to explain the detailed translation process.

Japanese: Jikou ni kanshite kibu ni yoru cyousa wo onegai itashi masu

Jikou ni kanshite kibu ni yoru cyousa wo onegai itashi masu. =⇒(Perform morphological analysis)

Jikou | ni kanshite | kibu | ni yoru | cyousa | wo | onegai | itashi | masu. =⇒(Extract the nouns)

=⇒(Tie the words between nouns together and construct a Japanese SF part from them)

N1(J) |ni kanshite | N2(J) |ni yoru | N3(J) |wo onegai itashi masu.

=⇒(Match the Japanese SF part with the SF base and output the corresponding Chinese SF part)

Qing | N2(J) |jiu | N2(J) |jinxing | N3(J) |, jinqing guanzhao.

=⇒(Rearrange the SF part and translated nouns)

Qing | N1(C) |jiu | N2(C) |jinxing | N3(C) |, jinqing guanzhao.

=⇒(Output the Chinese sentence)

Chinese: Qing guibumen jiu shiyi jinxing diaocha, jinqing guanzhao.

Firstly, we do the morphological analysis for the inputted Japanese sentence, extract the nouns from the result and put them into the noun file, by using the dictionary we translate them into Chinese. Each words between nouns is tied as a node of SF. Match those node parts (also called as SF parts) with the SF base, if there is corresponding Chinese SF parts then we output them and adjust the order of nouns to rearrange the Chinese SF parts and nouns.

When extracting a SF from the corpus, according to various problems, we may need to perform different ways of processing. Sometimes it is because of those differences between Chinese and Japanese communication styles, sometimes it is caused by the grammatical and morphological differences between Chinese and Japanese. Next, we will give some examples. Such as, in case that the nouns in the Japanese and the Chinese sentence pair are not corresponding. there is an example:

Japanese: Jyouki nedan wa ouke negaeru ni chigainai to shinjite orimasu. Chinese: Xiangxin shangshu jiage neng bei guifang suo jieshou.

English: We trust that you could accept the above price.

In this example, there are only two nouns Jouki (above)1_{and nedan (price) in the Japanese}

sentence, but the corresponding Chinese sentence could not be expressed correctly and fluently by using only the two nouns. In this case, we should add the needed noun into the part of the Chinese SF for getting the correct translation. That is, in such a case, when the nouns in the Japanese and the Chinese sentence pair do not match exactly, we need to add the corresponding nouns into the SF part. For this example, the needed Chinese noun is guifang (you) and the SF can be visualized as follows:

1

Z&Xiangxin&1 Z&Z&2

wa ouke negaeru ni chigainai to shinjite orimasu. & nengbei guifang suo jieshou. &0 Here is another example:

Japanese: Okage sama de, heisha seihin no

Chinese: Xiangxin shangshu jiage neng bei guifang suo jieshou. English: We trust that the above price could be accepted by you.

Sometimes based on the SF we can get the right meaning but not the same translation sentence as the original Chinese one:

Japanese: Tousha yunyuu no syouhin wa kisetsusyouhin de aru. Chinese: Woshe jinkou de shangpin jijiexing shi henqiang de. English: The import goods of our company are seasonal goods.

The SF of this example is:

< J > X1yunyuu no X2wa X3de aru.

< C > X1jinkou de X2shi X3.

By the SF of this example, we can observe that the translated sentence has the same meaning as the original Chinese sentence:

Woshe jinkou de shangpin shi jijiexingshangpin.

Japanese letters often use classical grammar patterns which are seldom used in conver- sation. Although there are no particular rules when writing to close friends, there are many set expressions and honorific expressions used in formal letters, especially for business letters. The West is oriented toward linearity and activities, favoring a direct style of correspondence with an emphasis on the business transaction, but Asians may be indirect about the transaction and may try to establish a relationship with the correspondent. The first paragraph of a Western business letter conventionally states the business directly and purposefully, whereas a business letter from Japan may begin with a reference to the seasons and concludes with good wishes. These expres- sions or seasonal greetings can be combined in a variety of ways to form the preliminary greeting. The Japanese have long admired the seasonal changes, therefore it seems too abrupt to start a letter without the proper seasonal greeting.

circumlocution. With respect to these expressions or preliminary greetings and a complimentary closing part, we have defined a number of SFs for translation. Here are some examples.

SF7:

< J > X1wa X2no X3wo itadaki arigatou gozaimasu.

< C > X1chengmeng X2 X3, jinzhi xiechen.

Japanese: Heiso wa kakubetsu no ohikitate wo itadaki arigatou gozaimasu. Chinese: Pingsu chengmeng gewai guanzhao, jinzhi xiechen.

English: Thank you for your special patronage.

SF8:

< J > X1wa totsuzen X2wo sashiage masukoto, X3wo oyorushi kudasai.

< C >Qing yuanliang wo X3 X1maomei zhi X2yu nin.

Japanese: Konotabi wa totsuzen otegami wo sashiage masukoto, shitsurei wo oyorushi kudasai. Chinese: Qing yuanliang wo shili zheci maomei zhi xin yu nin.

English: This time, please pardon my impoliteness for sending the letter suddenly.

SF9:

< J >Mazu wa X1katagata X2 made.

< C >Jinci X1bing shun zhi X2.

Japanese: Mazu wa kakunin takagata onrei made. Chinese: Jinci queren bing shun zhi ganxie.

English: First I confirm of all then give my reward to you.

SF10:

< J > X1douzo kuregure mo go jiai kudasai.

< C >Zhici X1, zhongxin xiwang nin baozhong shenti. Japanese: Jisetsugara douzo kuregure mo go jiai kudasai. Chinese: Zhici shijie, zhongxin xiwang nin baozhong shenti. English: Please take good care of yourself.

There are two basic categories of business letters: Business to business (B2B), and Busi- ness to Customer (B2C). Most B2B letters are written to confirm things that have already been discussed among officials in meetings, on the telephone, or via e-mail. The main purpose of a typi- cal business letter is to formalize the details that were arrived at in those discussions, and to provide

any additional information that was agreed upon. There are many different types of B2C letters. They include: sales and marketing letters, information letters, order acknowledgement letters, order status letters, collection letters, among others. As with B2B letters, over the years certain general standards have evolved in the business world that the vast majority of businesses use in drafting letters to existing and potential customers. Of course, going in the other direction are customer to business letters. These include: order letters, order status inquiry letters, complaint letters, and others. Since these are customer-generated letters, there is no particular expectation that they fol- low any particular letter-writing standard. Typically, they are handled just like any other piece of personal correspondence. Sometimes, depending on the categories of business letters, or depending on the recipient is different, the same sentence can have a different translation. Here is an example:

Japanese: Masumasu goseiei no kototo oyorokobi moushi agemasu. In B2C letters:

Chinese1: Xinwen xiansheng shiye fada, shenti jiankang, kexi kehe. In B2B letters:

Chinese2: Xinwen guigongsi shiye riyi changsheng, shenbiao zhuhe.

In such a case, when defining the SF we provide some reference candidates so that the users can choose the correct translation based on that.